Esta pesquisa de doutorado faz uma avaliação correlacional entre a evolução espacial da rede de monitoramento de qualidade das águas interiores do Estado de São Paulo, através do número de pontos de amostragem e sua respectiva densidade espacial ao longo dos 30 anos de existência da mesma e o crescimento populacional, através da densidade populacional dos municípios inseridos nas 22 unidades de gerenciamento de recursos hídricos do Estado de São Paulo. Analisa também se estes pontos mantiveram a capacidade de representar o status da qualidade da água em função do crescimento populacional, e se é necessário expandir ou adensar a rede em determinadas regiões. Esta comparação ficou mais racional com o uso dos recursos das geotecnologias e da análise multicritério aplicada ao planejamento e gerenciamento de recursos hídricos, com a construção do SIG SP_WATERNET e através da criação de um índice de avaliação do monitoramento que relaciona as 22 unidades espacialmente e ao longo do período estudado. Este índice pode ressaltar o grau de abrangência e de vulnerabilidade da rede de monitoramento das águas interiores superficiais no Estado de São Paulo. / This Ph.D. research makes a correlational evaluation between the spatial evolution of the monitoring network of inland surface waters of State of São Paulo, through the number of sampling points and its density throughout the 30 years of existence of same and the population growth (urbanization) and the population density in the 22 units of water management units of the São Paulo State. It also analyzes if these points had kept the capacity to represent the status of the quality of the water in function of the population growth, and if it is necessary to expand or to rearrange the network in some regions. This comparison was more rational with the use of the resources of the geo-information applied for water resources planning and management, with the construction of SIG SP_WATERNET and with the proposal of an multi-criteria evaluation monitoring index concerning the 22 water management units throughout a studied period. This index can point out the coverage or the vulnerability of the monitoring efficiency of the superficial waters network of São Paulo State.

Esta dissertação apresenta os resultados do estudo de monitoramento da qualidade de água na região hidrográfica da Baixada de Jacarepaguá através de coletas e posterior análise laboratorial realizadas na bacia hidrográfica experimental e representativa do Rio Morto. A bacia possui características predominantes peri-urbanas. / This thesis presents the results of the monitoring study of water quality in the river basin district of Jacarepagua marshland through collections and further laboratory analysis conducted in experimental and representative basin of the Dead River. The basin has peri- urban predominant features .

Esta dissertação apresenta os resultados do estudo de monitoramento da qualidade de água na região hidrográfica da Baixada de Jacarepaguá através de coletas e posterior análise laboratorial realizadas na bacia hidrográfica experimental e representativa do Rio Morto. A bacia possui características predominantes peri-urbanas. / This thesis presents the results of the monitoring study of water quality in the river basin district of Jacarepagua marshland through collections and further laboratory analysis conducted in experimental and representative basin of the Dead River. The basin has peri- urban predominant features .

Esta pesquisa de doutorado faz uma avaliação correlacional entre a evolução espacial da rede de monitoramento de qualidade das águas interiores do Estado de São Paulo, através do número de pontos de amostragem e sua respectiva densidade espacial ao longo dos 30 anos de existência da mesma e o crescimento populacional, através da densidade populacional dos municípios inseridos nas 22 unidades de gerenciamento de recursos hídricos do Estado de São Paulo. Analisa também se estes pontos mantiveram a capacidade de representar o status da qualidade da água em função do crescimento populacional, e se é necessário expandir ou adensar a rede em determinadas regiões. Esta comparação ficou mais racional com o uso dos recursos das geotecnologias e da análise multicritério aplicada ao planejamento e gerenciamento de recursos hídricos, com a construção do SIG SP_WATERNET e através da criação de um índice de avaliação do monitoramento que relaciona as 22 unidades espacialmente e ao longo do período estudado. Este índice pode ressaltar o grau de abrangência e de vulnerabilidade da rede de monitoramento das águas interiores superficiais no Estado de São Paulo. / This Ph.D. research makes a correlational evaluation between the spatial evolution of the monitoring network of inland surface waters of State of São Paulo, through the number of sampling points and its density throughout the 30 years of existence of same and the population growth (urbanization) and the population density in the 22 units of water management units of the São Paulo State. It also analyzes if these points had kept the capacity to represent the status of the quality of the water in function of the population growth, and if it is necessary to expand or to rearrange the network in some regions. This comparison was more rational with the use of the resources of the geo-information applied for water resources planning and management, with the construction of SIG SP_WATERNET and with the proposal of an multi-criteria evaluation monitoring index concerning the 22 water management units throughout a studied period. This index can point out the coverage or the vulnerability of the monitoring efficiency of the superficial waters network of São Paulo State.

Ongoing development of modern society, based on consumption of goods and services, leads to the increase of compulsoriness of economic agents to face market requirements by increasing the degree of local and regional industrialization. Establishment of new economic activities generates negative pressures on the environment and surface waters, generating increased pollution, manifested by vulnerability of aquatic ecosystems to stressors. Preliminary studies carried out within the doctoral thesis entitled 'Research on the evolution, magnitude and complexity of the impact of economic activities on the East Jiu' include information on characteristic elements of the East Jiu River basin, in accordance with the Water Framework Directive 2000/60/CE. The objectives of the field research aimed to identify economic activities in the eastern Jiu Valley generating an impact on the environment (especially the mining industry, but also timber exploitation and processing, local agriculture, animal husbandry and waste storage), establishing a quarterly monitoring program of the river basin, identification of flora and fauna species and identification of areas vulnerable to potential pollution. Based on observations made in situ and on information obtained from the evolution process of the monitoring program, the appropriate methodologies for assessing physical-chemical and ecological quality of the water were selected. Study of the evolution of the impact generated by economic activities on the East Jiu was carried out by mathematical modelling, with finite volumes, of the East Jiu River basin and plotting of pollutant dispersion maps. The magnitude and complexity of impact generated by economic activities was studied by using a complex system based on fuzzy logic, designed based on interactions between natural and artificial systems, between physical-chemical indicators of water and ecosystem. The research carried out substantiates in development of necessary technical measures to reduce the impact generated by economic activities located in eastern Jiu Valley, without significantly changing the hydrodynamics of the river basin. Following research, during different research stages, methods, techniques and tools were designed and accomplished with the help of which, water and aquatic ecosystems’ quality can be assessed, as well as the impact generated by human activity on the Jiu River, at a given moment and/or continuously.:CONTENT ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS SUMMARY LIST OF FIGURES LIST OF TABLES ABBREVIATIONS INTRODUCTION PURPOSE OF THE THESIS AND RESEARCH METHODOLOGY CHAPTER 1 THE EAST JIUL RIVER HYDROGRAPHIC BASIN 1.1. Soil and subsoil of the Eastern part of Jiu Valley 1.2. Climate description of the Eastern part of Jiu Valley 1.3. Geology particularities of the Eastern part of Jiu Valley 1.4. Groundwater features of the Eastern part of Jiu Valley 1.5. Flora and fauna of the Eastern part of Jiu Valley CHAPTER 2 SOURCES OF IMPACT ON THE QUALITY OF WATER, RIPARIAN, TERRESTRIAL AND AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS 2.1. Mining industry 2.2. Wood processing industry in the Eastern part of Jiu Valley 2.3. Urban agriculture and local animal husbandry 2.4. Inappropriate urban household waste storage CHAPTER 3 MONITORING PROGRAM AND METHODS OF EVALUATION OF THE QUALITY OF THE EAST JIUL RIVER 3.1. Establishment of monitoring (control) sections 3.2. Monitoring program of the East Jiu River basin 3.3. Sampling, transport and analysis of water samples 3.4. Methodology used to establish the water quality CHAPTER 4 QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF WATER IN THE EASTERN JIU HYDROGRAPHIC BASIN 4.1. Section 1 - Jieț River - upstream of household settlements (blank assay) 4.2. Section 2 - East Jiu River - in the area of Tirici village 4.3. Section 3 - Răscoala brook - before the confluence with East Jiu River 4.4. Section 4 - East Jiu River - after the confluence with the Răscoala brook 4.5. Section 5 - Taia River - upstream of the confluence with East Jiu River 4.6. Section 6 - East Jiu River - before the confluence with the Taia River 4.7. Section 7 - East Jiu River - after the confluence with the Taia River 4.8. Section 8 - Jiet River downstream of household settlements 4.9. Section 9 - East Jiu River - after the confluence with the Jieț River 4.10. Section 10 - East Jiu River - before the confluence with Banița River 4.11. Section 11 - Roşia River - upstream of household settlements 4.12. Section 12 - Bănița River - after the confluence with the Roșia River 4.13. Section 13 - East Jiu River - after the confluence with the Banița River 4.14. Section 14 - Maleia River - before the confluence with East Jiu River 4.15. Section 15 - Slătioara River - before the confluence with East Jiu River 4.16. Section 16 – East Jiu River - before the confluence with West Jiu River CHAPTER 5 INFLUENCES OF PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL FACTORS ON AQUATIC ICHTHYOFAUNA IN THE EAST JIU RIVER BASIN 5.1. Total suspended solids and aquatic ecosystems 5.2. Acidity or basicity reaction of surface watercourses 5.3. Aquatic ecosystem requirements for gas oversaturation 5.4. Nitrogenous compounds in watercourse 5.5. Phenols, aquatic ecosystems and water quality CHAPTER 6 ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT GENERATED BY ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES IN THE EASTERN PART OF JIU VALLEY 6.1. Impact analysis of mining industry in the Eastern Part of Jiu Valley 6.2. The general impact of Eastern Jiu Valley dumps to water quality 6.3. Research on effective infiltration in the Eastern part of Jiu Valley 6.4. Research on groundwater quality in the Eastern part of Jiu Valley 6.5. Analysis of the impact generated by local micro-agriculture 6.6. Analysis of the impact generated by deforestation and wood processing 6.7. Analysis of the impact generated by non-compliant landfilling of waste CHAPTER 7 EVOLUTION OF THE IMPACT GENERATED BY ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES IN THE EASTERN JIU VALLEY 7.1. Analysis of the dynamic elements of the watercourse - RMA2 mode 7.2. Analysis of pollutants concentration evolution in the water course - RMA4 module 7.3. Computational field and composition of the energy model of the East Jiu River 7.4. Extension and evolution of the impact generated by economic activities on the East Jiu River 7.5. Extension and evolution of the impact caused by organic pollution of the East Jiu River CHAPTER 8 MAGNITUDE AND COMPLEXITY OF THE IMPACT GENERATED BY ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES IN THE EASTERN JIU VALLEY 8.1. Definition of input linguistic variables 8.2. Linguistic outputs of the fuzzy interference system 8.3. Defining the Black Box set of rules 8.4. Proficiency testing of complex systems based on fuzzy logic 8.5. While it is all about the wheel do not forget about the cube CONCLUSIONS AND PERSONAL CONTRIBUTIONS REFERENCES