• Refine Query
  • Source
  • Publication year
  • to
  • Language
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • Tagged with
  • 3
  • 3
  • 3
  • 3
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

[en] FRAMEWORK FOR COORDINATION AND MEDIATION OF WEB SERVICES MODELED AS LEARNING OBJECTS FOR WEB-BASED LEARNING ENVIRONMENTS / [pt] FRAMEWORK PARA COORDENAÇÃO E MEDIAÇÃO DE WEB SERVICES MODELADOS COMO LEARNING OBJECTS PARA AMBIENTES DE APRENDIZADO NA WEB

REUBEM ALEXANDRE DALMEIDA GIRARDI 18 March 2005 (has links)
[pt] O crescente interesse em ambientes de aprendizado na Web incentiva pesquisas e torna evidente a importância do desenvolvimento de tecnologias e padrões que permitam ambientes, instrutores e participantes a criar, encontrar, consumir, reusar e compartilhar conteúdos instrucionais, conhecidos como objetos de aprendizagem ou learning objects. Padrões para metadados, objetos de aprendizagem e arquiteturas para prover suporte a estas tecnologias em sistema de ensino na web (learning management systems - LMS) são a chave para o sucesso do e-Learning. Neste sentido, o conceito de objetos de aprendizagem possui fundamental importância e concentra grande parte das pesquisas realizadas nesta área. Em paralelo, a observação de que o aprendizado na web ocorre através do auxílio de ferramentas e serviços que fazem parte dos LMS gera a reflexão sobre a atual modelagem e entendimento destes serviços. Com isso, este trabalho defende a modificação do conceito de learning objects, estendendo o atual, incorporando serviços à sua abrangência, sendo estes modelados com base na tecnologia de serviços web (web services). No final, é apresentado um framework para facilitar a adaptação de Learning Management Systems a este novo conceito de learning objects e o estudo de caso no Ambiente AulaNet. / [en] The increasing interest in web-based learning environments stimulates researches and evidences the importance of developing technologies and standards that allow environments, instructors and participants to create, find, consume, reuse, and to share instructional contents, known as learning objects. Metadata standards, learning objects and architectures to support these technologies in Learning Management Systems (LMS) are the key for the success of e-learning. In this context, the learning object concept has essential importance and concentrates the majority of the researches accomplished in this field. At the same time, observing that the learning in the web happens through the aid of tools and learning services which are part of LMS, leads to the reflection about the current modeling and understanding of these services. This work defends the modification of the learning objects concept, extending the current one by incorporating services to its extent, being these modeled as Web Services. Finally, a framework is presented in order to facilitate the adapting of the Learning Management Systems to the new concept of learning objects, as well as a case study in the AulaNet Environment.
2

Comparaisons entre groupes, anonymat, et performances cognitives : expérimentations dans les environnements numériques et en coprésence / intergroup comparison, anonymity, and cognitive performance : experiments in a web-based learning environment and in the presence of others

Le Hénaff, Benjamin 20 June 2016 (has links)
L’objectif de cette thèse est d’étudier comment l’identification à un groupe peut conduire à de meilleures performances cognitives en s’appuyant sur la théorie de l’identité sociale (Tajfel & Turner, 1986). Cette théorie avance que l’identité sociale d’un individu repose en partie sur la comparaison entre son groupe d’appartenance et un autre groupe. La quête d’une identité sociale positive pousserait l’individu à agir pour le bien de son groupe afin de se placer dans une position avantageuse par rapport à un autre groupe. Le modèle SIDE (Social Identity model of Deindividuation Effects, Reicher, Spears & Postmes, 1995) a étendu cette théorie en considérant que l’anonymat facilite le passage de l’identité personnelle à l’identité sociale et la renforce. Notre recherche a été déclinée en trois axes. Les deux premiers ont examiné l’effet de l’anonymat et de la comparaison entre groupes sur les performances à des exercices d’informatique et de statistiques réalisés en environnements numériques. Le dernier axe a étudié les effets de l’anonymat et de la comparaison entre groupes à une tâche de production d’idées créatives en situation de coprésence. Conformément aux prédictions du modèle SIDE, les résultats ont montré que la comparaison intergroupe en situation d’anonymat active l’identité sociale des membres d’un groupe et les conduits à avoir de meilleures performances à des tâches cognitives. De plus, nous avons mis en évidence que des différences individuelles, comme le niveau de connaissances antérieures, viennent modérer les effets du modèle SIDE. Les implications pratiques et théoriques de ces résultats sont discutées, et des pistes de recherches futures sont proposées. / The aim of this thesis is to study how group identification may lead to better cognitive performance, based on social identity theory (Tajfel & Turner, 1986). This theory states that the social identity of individuals is partly based on comparison of their group with another group. The search for a positive social identity should drive individuals to act on behalf of their own group, putting them in an advantageous position compared to another group. The SIDE Model (Social Identity model of Deindividuation Effects, Reicher, Spears & Postmes, 1995) extends this theory by postulating that anonymity could facilitate the transition from personal to social identity, which is reinforced in the process. Our study was organized along three lines of research. The first two examined how anonymity and intergroup comparison affects performance on computer quizzes and statistics exercises in a web-based learning environment. The third studied the effects of anonymity and intergroup comparison on the generation of creative ideas in the presence of others. Consistent with the SIDE Model, we found that intergroup comparison under anonymity conditions activated group members’ social identity, leading to better performance on cognitive tasks. We also found that individual differences, such as prior knowledge, may moderate the effects of the SIDE model. The practical and theoretical implications of these results are discussed, and future research directions are suggested.
3

Onnistuneen yhteisöllisen verkko-oppimisen edellytykset:näkökulmina yliopisto-opiskelijoiden kokemukset ja verkkovuorovaikutus

Vuopala, E. (Essi) 22 October 2013 (has links)
Abstract This study focuses on requirements of computer-supported collaborative learning (CSCL). The aim is to investigate the factors university students experience to promote or hinder collaborative learning. In addition the aim is to examine interactional features in successful collaborative learning situations and the effect of pedagogical scripts into the interaction. The theoretical approach is sosiocognitive, and the interactional processes are seen as a key mechanism fostering learning and knowledge construction. This thesis consisted of two empirical case studies, which were implemented in the context of international web courses. The first data consist of questionnaires, interviews, learning diaries and on-line discussions. The second data includes questionnaires and on-line discussions. The analysis combines qualitative and quantitative methods in order to create a comprehensive understanding of students’ experiences and interactional features in collaborative learning situations. There is plenty of research concerning CSCL, but the focus is seldom on students’ experiences. Also interactional processes in collaborative learning situations have been studied, but studies are often short-term studies conducted in laboratory settings. Recent research of CSCL has been concentrating on the effects of pedagogical scripts, but the results have been contradictory. This study supplements earlier studies by analysing the requirements for successful collaborative learning from the perspective of students’ experiences and interactional features during authentic and long-term web courses. The results indicated that students experienced fluent interaction, group-oriented learning task, studying skills and motivation as main factors promoting collaborative learning. Communication in foreign language and passive group members were experienced most significant hindering factors. Interaction in successful collaborative learning was most often group-related instead of task-related. Groups used a lot of effort in organizing their collaboration. Task-related discussion was commentative and questioning. However, theorybased knowledge was seldom presented. This study also indicated that learning tasks had more effect to different forms of ineraction than pedagogical scripts. The findings supports planning and implementation of collaborative learning. / Tiivistelmä Väitöstutkimus tarkastelee tietokoneavusteisen yhteisöllisen oppimisen edellytyksiä. Tavoitteena on selvittää, mitkä tekijät yliopisto-opiskelijat kokevat yhteisöllistä oppimista edistäviksi ja vaikeuttaviksi. Lisäksi tavoitteena on selvittää vuorovaikutuksen muotoja onnistuneissa yhteisöllisen oppimisen tilanteissa sekä pedagogisten skriptien vaikutusta vuorovaikutukseen. Teoreettisesti tutkimus pohjautuu sosiokognitiiviseen näkemykseen oppimisesta, jolloin korostetaan vuorovaikutuksen merkitystä tiedon rakentamiseen. Tutkimus koostuu kahdesta tapaustutkimuksesta, jotka on toteutettu kansainvälisten verkkokurssien konteksteissa. Ensimmäisen tapaustutkimuksen aineisto koostuu kyselylomakkeista, haastatteluista, päiväkirjoista ja verkko-oppimisympäristön keskusteluviesteistä. Toisen tapaustutkimuksen aineisto sisältää kyselylomake- ja verkkokeskusteluaineiston. Aineiston analyysissa on yhdistetty sekä laadullisia että määrällisiä menetelmiä. Vaikka tietokoneavusteista yhteisöllistä oppimista on tutkittu paljon, analyysin kohteena ovat harvemmin olleet oppijoiden kokemukset. Myös yhteisöllisiä vuorovaikutusprosesseja on tutkittu aiemmin, mutta tutkimukset on toteutettu usein lyhytkestoisina laboratoriotutkimuksina. Viimeaikaisissa tutkimuksissa on analysoitu pedagogisten skriptien vaikutusta vuorovaikutukseen, mutta tulokset skriptien hyödyistä ovat osin ristiriitaisia. Tämä tutkimus täydentää aikaisempia tutkimuksia analysoimalla yhteisöllisen oppimisen edellytyksiä autenttisten ja pidempikestoisten verkkokurssien aikana. Tutkimuksen tulokset osoittavat yhteisöllistä oppimista edistäviksi tekijöiksi sujuvan vuorovaikutuksen, yhteistä ponnistelua vaativan oppimistehtävän, opiskelutaidot ja motivaation. Vaikeuttavia tekijöitä puolestaan ovat viestinnän haasteet vieraalla kielellä opiskeltaessa sekä passiiviset ryhmän jäsenet. Vuorovaikutus onnistuneissa yhteisöllisen oppimisen tilanteissa oli useammin ryhmään kuin sisältöön keskittyvää. Ryhmät käyttivät paljon aikaa yhteisen työskentelyn organisointiin. Sisältöön liittyvä keskustelu oli kommentoivaa ja kysymyksiä esittävää. Teoriaperustaisen tiedon esiin tuomien oli kuitenkin harvinaista. Tulokset osoittavat myös oppimistehtävän voivan vaikuttaa pedagogisia skriptejä enemmän vuorovaikutukseen. Tämän tutkimuksen tulokset tukevat käytännössä yhteisöllisten oppimistilanteiden suunnittelua ja toteutusta.

Page generated in 0.1295 seconds