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Humans and wildlife live in increasing proximity, which leads to negative human-wildlife interactions. Management efforts are often focused on “controlling” species that are considered problematic, often downplaying, or even neglecting the perceptions and values of affected communities. There are many ideas about what human-wildlife interactions should look like and these are constantly evolving alongside our values. These ideas are essential for informed and legitimate wildlife management. This study investigates what type of human-baboon interactions residents from seven baboon-visited areas in Cape Town want. Using Q-method the results showed that there are two main perspectives: Learning to Live with Baboons and Learning to Effectively Control and Manage Baboons. These are motivated by different sets of values. Learning to Live with Baboons is focused on the natural and social outcomes recognizing the agency of the humans and baboons. In contrast, Learning to Effectively Control and Manage Baboons focuses on maintaining a stable state of society while perceiving nature as something that can be controlled. Despite differences, the two perspectives have several points of the agreement including the end of abusive language toward baboons, recognition of context and value differences, and establishment of collaborative conflict resolution processes. The study also explores how values shape the broader relationships that people wish to have with wildlife and how these can shift depending on the context. Finally, the practice of reflexivity is suggested as one of the steps toward more inclusive human-baboon governance. The thesis concludes by recognizing that subjective perceptions of human-baboon interactions are not pure dichotomies, but rather a complex web of agreements and disagreements, each being a manifestation of different subjective realities.

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<p> The sales of deer licenses, one of the most important revenue sources for wildlife management at the Indiana Department of Natural Resources (IDNR), have been declining for a decade. To increase its funds, the agency is considering launching a new lifetime deer license, which would allow hunters to harvest deer (and possibly other species) each year for the rest of their lives in exchange for a large, up-front fee. The forward-looking nature of the decision to buy a lifetime license means hunters’ choice behavior is necessarily dynamic. We estimate a dynamic discrete choice model using data from a discrete choice experiment (DCE) to capture this forward-looking choice behavior and to estimate hunters’ preferences for different lifetime license designs. We find that our dynamic model better fits our data than a standard, static choice model. We also find that hunters prefer licenses that allow (i) harvest of antlered and antlerless deer to one that only allows harvest of antlerless deer and (ii) harvest of additional species beyond just deer. We use our model to estimate the price of lifetime licenses that maximizes IDNR revenues. This is the first study to estimate the value of lifetime deer hunting licenses using a dynamic approach. This dynamic approach can help improve the IDNR’s decision-making to maximize its revenue and stabilize wildlife management funds.  </p>

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