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Estimability of natural mortality within a statistical catch-at-age model: a framework and simulation study based on Gulf of Mexico red snapperVincent, Matthew Timothy 15 November 2013 (has links)
Estimation of natural mortality within statistical catch-at-age models has been relatively unsuccessful and is uncommon within stock assessments. The models I created estimated population-dynamics parameters, including natural mortality, through Metropolis-Hastings algorithms from Gulf of Mexico red-snapper Lutjanus campechanus data. I investigated the influences of assumptions regarding model configuration of natural mortality and selectivity-at-age parameters by comparing multiple models. The results of this study are preliminary due to parameter estimates being bounded by uniform priors and thus a potential lack of convergence to the posterior distribution. Estimation of a natural-mortality parameter at age 0 or a Lorenzen natural-mortality parameter could be confounded with selectivity-at-age-1 parameters for bycatch from the shrimp fisheries. The Lorenzen natural-mortality curve was calculated by dividing the parameter by red snapper length at age. An age-1 natural-mortality parameter might not be estimable with the currently available data. Values of the natural-mortality parameter for ages 2 and older appear to be slightly less influenced by assumptions regarding selectivity-at-age parameters. We conducted a simulation study to determine the accuracy and precision of natural-mortality estimation assuming the selectivity-at-age-1 parameter for bycatch from the shrimp fisheries equaled 1.0 and a Lorenzen natural-mortality curve. The simulation study indicated that initial abundance-at-age parameters may be inestimable within the current model and may influence other parameter estimates. The preliminary simulation results showed that the Lorenzen natural-mortality parameter was consistently slightly underestimated and apical-fishing-mortality parameters were considerably underestimated. The estimation of natural mortality within a statistical catch-at-age model for Gulf of Mexico red snapper has many caveats and requires additional investigation. / Master of Science
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The influence of hunting activity on African elephant (Loxodonta africana) movementsNobrega, Catherine Elizabeth Pinho January 2015 (has links)
A research report submitted to the Faculty of Science, University of the Witwatersrand, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Science (Environmental Sciences). September 2015. / African elephants (Loxodonta africana) are still being poached and hunted and this could potentially affect their movement. As a keystone species, crucial to maintaining ecosystem function and therefore food webs, it is important to understand the effects hunting may have on their movements. This study was undertaken in the Associated Private Nature Reserves adjacent to the Kruger National Park, where elephants are hunted. I looked at changes in daily displacement distance and distance from hunting and natural mortality events to determine if elephants were affected by hunting events, up to what distance, and to determine whether elephants reacted in the same way to hunting and natural mortality events. I found that elephants are only affected by hunting events when within 1 km of the event, which is consistent with the literature. When considering natural mortality events, they actually diverted movements towards the event location, which is also consistent with literature. These results, however, are based on a very small sample size. In addition, the time of day of the events was not recorded by the wardens of the reserve, and this provided a further limitation for the data analysis and interpretation.
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Modelagem de mortalidade natural e superdispersão em dados entomológicos / Modelling natural mortality and overdispersion in entomologic dataUrbano, Mariana Ragassi 24 May 2012 (has links)
Para dados provenientes de bioensaios entomol´ogicos, na maioria das vezes, ´e necess´ario levar em considera¸cao a ocorrencia de mortalidade natural e a superdispers ao. Para incorporar a mortalidade natural, pode-se utilizar a f´ormula de Abbott, que associada ao modelo binomial, caracteriza o modelo padrao de mortalidade natural. Modelos padroes de superdispersao incluem os modelos beta-binomial, log´stico normal, misturas discretas e o uso do fator de heterogeneidade. Como alternativa aos modelos padrao de mortalidade natural, e de mortalidade natural com o fator de heterogeneidade, foi desenvolvido o modelo de mortalidade natural com a inclusao de um efeito aleat´orio no preditor linear, para melhor acomodar a superdispersao. Para obter as estimativas dos parametros desse novo modelo, foram usados os algoritmos de Newton Raphson e EM. Para a verifica¸cao dos ajustes dos modelos foram usados gr´aficos semi-normais de probabilidade com envelopes de simula¸cao, e para realizar a compara¸cao entre os modelos foram utilizados o teste da razao de verossimilhan¸cas e o crit´eiro AIC. A seguir, foram calculadas as estimativas das doses efetivas. Os procedimentos foram todos implementados no software R. Como aplica¸cao, foram analisados tres conjuntos de dados, provenientes de ensaios entomol´ogicos. Para os tres conjuntos de dados, concluiu-se que o modelo de mortalidade natural com efeito aleat´orio ´e superior aos procedimentos padroes, geralmente, utilizados. / When fitting dose-response models to entomological data it is often necessary to take account of natural mortality and/or overdispersion. The standard approach to handle natural mortality is to use Abbotts formula, which allows for a constant underlying mortality rate. Standard overdispersion models include beta-binomial models, logistic-normal, discrete mixtures and the use of the heterogeneity factor. We extend the standard natural mortality model and include a random effect to handle the overdispersion. To obtain the parameters estimates of this new model, two algorithms were used: the Newton Raphson and the EM. For the application, were used three data sets. We introduce the likelihood ratio test, effective dose, and simulated envelope for the natural mortality model with a random effect. The procedures are implemented in the R system. For the three the data sets studied, a significant further improvement in the fit is possible by using the random-effect model.
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Modelagem de mortalidade natural e superdispersão em dados entomológicos / Modelling natural mortality and overdispersion in entomologic dataMariana Ragassi Urbano 24 May 2012 (has links)
Para dados provenientes de bioensaios entomol´ogicos, na maioria das vezes, ´e necess´ario levar em considera¸cao a ocorrencia de mortalidade natural e a superdispers ao. Para incorporar a mortalidade natural, pode-se utilizar a f´ormula de Abbott, que associada ao modelo binomial, caracteriza o modelo padrao de mortalidade natural. Modelos padroes de superdispersao incluem os modelos beta-binomial, log´stico normal, misturas discretas e o uso do fator de heterogeneidade. Como alternativa aos modelos padrao de mortalidade natural, e de mortalidade natural com o fator de heterogeneidade, foi desenvolvido o modelo de mortalidade natural com a inclusao de um efeito aleat´orio no preditor linear, para melhor acomodar a superdispersao. Para obter as estimativas dos parametros desse novo modelo, foram usados os algoritmos de Newton Raphson e EM. Para a verifica¸cao dos ajustes dos modelos foram usados gr´aficos semi-normais de probabilidade com envelopes de simula¸cao, e para realizar a compara¸cao entre os modelos foram utilizados o teste da razao de verossimilhan¸cas e o crit´eiro AIC. A seguir, foram calculadas as estimativas das doses efetivas. Os procedimentos foram todos implementados no software R. Como aplica¸cao, foram analisados tres conjuntos de dados, provenientes de ensaios entomol´ogicos. Para os tres conjuntos de dados, concluiu-se que o modelo de mortalidade natural com efeito aleat´orio ´e superior aos procedimentos padroes, geralmente, utilizados. / When fitting dose-response models to entomological data it is often necessary to take account of natural mortality and/or overdispersion. The standard approach to handle natural mortality is to use Abbotts formula, which allows for a constant underlying mortality rate. Standard overdispersion models include beta-binomial models, logistic-normal, discrete mixtures and the use of the heterogeneity factor. We extend the standard natural mortality model and include a random effect to handle the overdispersion. To obtain the parameters estimates of this new model, two algorithms were used: the Newton Raphson and the EM. For the application, were used three data sets. We introduce the likelihood ratio test, effective dose, and simulated envelope for the natural mortality model with a random effect. The procedures are implemented in the R system. For the three the data sets studied, a significant further improvement in the fit is possible by using the random-effect model.
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ProspecÃÃo do estoque de robalo-peva (Centropomus parallelus) no litoral do ParanÃ, atravÃs da pesca esportiva / Prospecting of the stock of bass-peva (Centropomus parallelus) on the Parana coast, through the sport fishingPietro Simon Moro 08 January 2008 (has links)
FundaÃÃo Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnolÃgico / Os robalos sÃo peixes muito apreciados pelo pÃblico consumidor de pescado e
pelos pescadores amadores, pois possuem carne de excelente qualidade e
proporcionam grande combatividade quando capturados com linha. Tais
caracterÃsticas tornam este grupo de peixes alvo de distintos usuÃrios,
finalidades e necessidades (pesca comercial e pesca amadora), que aliadas Ã
perda de parte do habitat (manguezais) indicam sua fragilidade. Nos Ãltimos
anos, uma reduÃÃo nas capturas de robalo-peva (Centropomus parallelus) vem
sendo sugerida pelos pescadores amadores e artesanais no litoral do ParanÃ.
Na ausÃncia de estatÃsticas pesqueiras que possibilitassem investigar a
suposta deplecÃÃo deste recurso, o presente trabalho buscou realizar uma
avaliaÃÃo preliminar deste estoque, fundamentada no acompanhamento de
campeonatos de pesca esportiva e no estudo do crescimento da espÃcie. Os
dados foram obtidos atravÃs do acompanhamento das capturas de 9 torneios
de pesca esportiva, direcionados Ãs espÃcies C. parallelus e Centropomus
undecimalis, realizados pela Liga Paranaense de Pesca Esportiva (LPPE),
entre novembro de 2005 e setembro de 2007, nos estuÃrios BaÃa de
Paranaguà e BaÃa de Guaratuba (25 44â S e 48 22â W). Foram registrados
3.290 exemplares de C. parallelus, com comprimentos totais compreendidos
entre 10,00 e 69,00 cm e 158 exemplares de C. undecimalis, com
comprimentos entre 14,00 e 68,00 cm. A forte dominÃncia especÃfica (>95%)
justificou a Ãnfase deste trabalho sobre C. parallelus. A relaÃÃo pesocomprimento
indicou desenvolvimento somÃtico isomÃtrico para as duas
espÃcies. A mÃdia da Captura por Unidade de EsforÃo (CPUE) foi estimada em
0,977 exemplar/embarcaÃÃo/hora e 0,328 Kg/embarcaÃÃo/ hora. Para o estudo
do crescimento, foram abatidos somente 159 exemplares para a extraÃÃo dos
otÃlitos sagittae, todos os demais exemplares registrados (3290), foram soltos
dentro das regras de pesque-e-solte exigidas pela LPPE. A partir da anÃlise da
macroestrutura dos otÃlitos, foram estimados os parÃmetros de crescimento de
von Bertalanffy atravÃs de distintas metodologias de retrocÃlculo (Fraser-Lee,
BPH linear, SPH linear, BPH potencial e SPH potencial) e de ajuste da curva
de crescimento (Ford-Walford e rotina eletrÃnica). Os parÃmetros mais
adequados aos conhecimentos anteriores sobre a biologia da espÃcie foram K= 0,13, L = 79,0 cm e t0 = 0. A anÃlise das freqÃÃncias de comprimento
(ELEFAN I) corroborou com as estimativas de crescimento obtidas pela anÃlise
dos otÃlitos. A longevidade (tmÃx) e o coeficiente de mortalidade natural (M)
foram estimados em 23 anos e 0, 33, respectivamente. O comprimento e a
idade Ãtimos de captura correspondem a Lotimo = 43.0 cm e tÃtima = 6 anos. Para
os comprimentos entre 38,0 cm (5 anos) e 47,0 cm (7 anos), tambÃm foram
encontrados valores elevados de biomassa relativa, em torno de 95% da
biomassa mÃxima possÃvel. Na avaliaÃÃo preliminar do estoque de C.
parallelus no litoral do ParanÃ, realizada atravÃs da anÃlise da composiÃÃo em
comprimentos e da estrutura etÃria das capturas registradas nos campeonatos
de pesca esportiva, foi constatada a ocorrÃncia de sobrepesca de crescimento,
ou seja, a captura de grande quantidade de juvenis e poucos exemplares
adultos (>35,0 cm), caracterizando um desequilÃbrio na estrutura etÃria da
populaÃÃo / The snooks are fishes very appreciated food item by fish consumers and
recreational fishermen, for they are endowed with a high quality flesh and put
up a fierce fight when captured with line-and-hook. Such characteristics make
this taxon a target for a host of users, objectives and needs (commercial and
recreational fishing) which, together with loss of habitat space (mangroves),
attest to its fragility. Over the recent years, a catch reduction of the fat snook,
Centropomus parallelus, has been implied by recreational and artisanal
fishermen of Paranà State. For lack of fishery statistics that would enable the
investigation of this telltale resource depletion, the present research work
endeavored to carry out a preliminary stock assessment based on the survey of
recreational fishing tournaments and on the study of that speciesâ growth. The
database was gathered by controlling the catches of nine of the mentioned
tournaments, having C. parallelus and Centropomus undecimalis as target
species, organized by the Paranà State Recreational Fishing League (LPPE),
from November, 2005 to September, 2007 in the estuaries of Paranaguà Bay
and Guaratuba Bay (25o441S â 48o22âW). A total of 3,290 specimens of C.
parallelus were sampled for their total length ranging from 10.0 to 69.0 cm and
of 158 specimens of C.undecimalis in the range of 14,0 â 68,0 cm. The strong
specific dominance of over 95% justified the emphasis of this investigation on
the fat snook. The weight-length relationship showed an isometric somatic
development for the two species. The mean catch per unit effort (CPUE) was
estimated as 0.977 individuals per hour and 0,328 kg per hour. For the growth
studies, only 159 specimens were submitted to the extraction of sagittae
otoliths, while all the others were released according to the catch-and-release
rules required by the LPPE. Based on the analysis of otolithsâs microstructure,
the von Bertallnafy growth parameters were estimated by means of different
backcalculation methods (Fraser-Lee, linear BPH, linear SPH, and potential
BPH and SPH) and fiting of the growth curve (Ford-Walford and electronic
routine). The most adequate growth parameters in the speciesâ population
dynamics were K = 0.13, LÂ = 79.0 cm and t0 = 0. The ELEFAN I technique has
borne out the estimates arrived at through the length-at-age analysis. The
longevity and the natural mortality coefficient were estimated as 23 years and 0.33, respectively. The average values of optimum catch length and age
correspond to Lopt = 43.0 cm and topt = 6 years. About 95% of the maximum
biomass were found to occur in the range from 38.0 cm (5 years) to 47.0 cm (7
years). The preliminary stock assessment of C. parallelus on the Paranà State
coast, carried out by means of length composition analysis and age structure of
the stock reported by recreational fishing tournaments, indicated the occurrence
of growth overfishing, that is, large numbers of juveniles and few adult (>35.0
cm) specimens are captured, what characterizes an age-related unbalanced
population
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Habitat-use and emigration patterns of two top predators stocked in a large flood-control impoundmentShane, Keith Dennis January 2018 (has links)
No description available.
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Prospecção do estoque de robalo-peva (Centropomus parallelus) no litoral do Paraná, através da pesca esportiva / Prospecting of the stock of bass-peva (Centropomus parallelus) on the Parana coast, through the sport fishingMoro, Pietro Simon January 2008 (has links)
MORO, Pietro Simon. Prospecção do estoque de robalo-peva (Centropomus parallelus) no litoral do Paraná, através da pesca esportiva. 2008. 132 f. : Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Ceará, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Departamento de Engenharia de Pesca, Fortaleza-CE, 2008 / Submitted by Nádja Goes (nmoraissoares@gmail.com) on 2016-07-20T14:03:53Z
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2008_dis_psmoro.pdf: 2639439 bytes, checksum: 4150101baf0cf24111738e4e5b850429 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Nádja Goes (nmoraissoares@gmail.com) on 2016-07-20T14:04:06Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1
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Previous issue date: 2008 / The snooks are fishes very appreciated food item by fish consumers and recreational fishermen, for they are endowed with a high quality flesh and put up a fierce fight when captured with line-and-hook. Such characteristics make this taxon a target for a host of users, objectives and needs (commercial and recreational fishing) which, together with loss of habitat space (mangroves), attest to its fragility. Over the recent years, a catch reduction of the fat snook, Centropomus parallelus, has been implied by recreational and artisanal fishermen of Paraná State. For lack of fishery statistics that would enable the investigation of this telltale resource depletion, the present research work endeavored to carry out a preliminary stock assessment based on the survey of recreational fishing tournaments and on the study of that species’ growth. The database was gathered by controlling the catches of nine of the mentioned tournaments, having C. parallelus and Centropomus undecimalis as target species, organized by the Paraná State Recreational Fishing League (LPPE), from November, 2005 to September, 2007 in the estuaries of Paranaguá Bay and Guaratuba Bay (25o441S – 48o22’W). A total of 3,290 specimens of C. parallelus were sampled for their total length ranging from 10.0 to 69.0 cm and of 158 specimens of C.undecimalis in the range of 14,0 – 68,0 cm. The strong specific dominance of over 95% justified the emphasis of this investigation on the fat snook. The weight-length relationship showed an isometric somatic development for the two species. The mean catch per unit effort (CPUE) was estimated as 0.977 individuals per hour and 0,328 kg per hour. For the growth studies, only 159 specimens were submitted to the extraction of sagittae otoliths, while all the others were released according to the catch-and-release rules required by the LPPE. Based on the analysis of otoliths’s microstructure, the von Bertallnafy growth parameters were estimated by means of different backcalculation methods (Fraser-Lee, linear BPH, linear SPH, and potential BPH and SPH) and fiting of the growth curve (Ford-Walford and electronic routine). The most adequate growth parameters in the species’ population dynamics were K = 0.13, L¥ = 79.0 cm and t0 = 0. The ELEFAN I technique has borne out the estimates arrived at through the length-at-age analysis. The longevity and the natural mortality coefficient were estimated as 23 years and 0.33, respectively. The average values of optimum catch length and age correspond to Lopt = 43.0 cm and topt = 6 years. About 95% of the maximum biomass were found to occur in the range from 38.0 cm (5 years) to 47.0 cm (7 years). The preliminary stock assessment of C. parallelus on the Paraná State coast, carried out by means of length composition analysis and age structure of the stock reported by recreational fishing tournaments, indicated the occurrence of growth overfishing, that is, large numbers of juveniles and few adult (>35.0 cm) specimens are captured, what characterizes an age-related unbalanced population / Os robalos são peixes muito apreciados pelo público consumidor de pescado e pelos pescadores amadores, pois possuem carne de excelente qualidade e proporcionam grande combatividade quando capturados com linha. Tais características tornam este grupo de peixes alvo de distintos usuários, finalidades e necessidades (pesca comercial e pesca amadora), que aliadas à perda de parte do habitat (manguezais) indicam sua fragilidade. Nos últimos anos, uma redução nas capturas de robalo-peva (Centropomus parallelus) vem sendo sugerida pelos pescadores amadores e artesanais no litoral do Paraná. Na ausência de estatísticas pesqueiras que possibilitassem investigar a suposta deplecção deste recurso, o presente trabalho buscou realizar uma avaliação preliminar deste estoque, fundamentada no acompanhamento de campeonatos de pesca esportiva e no estudo do crescimento da espécie. Os dados foram obtidos através do acompanhamento das capturas de 9 torneios de pesca esportiva, direcionados às espécies C. parallelus e Centropomus undecimalis, realizados pela Liga Paranaense de Pesca Esportiva (LPPE), entre novembro de 2005 e setembro de 2007, nos estuários Baía de Paranaguá e Baía de Guaratuba (25º 44’ S e 48º 22’ W). Foram registrados 3.290 exemplares de C. parallelus, com comprimentos totais compreendidos entre 10,00 e 69,00 cm e 158 exemplares de C. undecimalis, com comprimentos entre 14,00 e 68,00 cm. A forte dominância específica (>95%) justificou a ênfase deste trabalho sobre C. parallelus. A relação pesocomprimento indicou desenvolvimento somático isométrico para as duas espécies. A média da Captura por Unidade de Esforço (CPUE) foi estimada em 0,977 exemplar/embarcação/hora e 0,328 Kg/embarcação/ hora. Para o estudo do crescimento, foram abatidos somente 159 exemplares para a extração dos otólitos sagittae, todos os demais exemplares registrados (3290), foram soltos dentro das regras de pesque-e-solte exigidas pela LPPE. A partir da análise da macroestrutura dos otólitos, foram estimados os parâmetros de crescimento de von Bertalanffy através de distintas metodologias de retrocálculo (Fraser-Lee, BPH linear, SPH linear, BPH potencial e SPH potencial) e de ajuste da curva de crescimento (Ford-Walford e rotina eletrônica). Os parâmetros mais adequados aos conhecimentos anteriores sobre a biologia da espécie foram K= 0,13, L = 79,0 cm e t0 = 0. A análise das freqüências de comprimento (ELEFAN I) corroborou com as estimativas de crescimento obtidas pela análise dos otólitos. A longevidade (tmáx) e o coeficiente de mortalidade natural (M) foram estimados em 23 anos e 0, 33, respectivamente. O comprimento e a idade ótimos de captura correspondem a Lotimo = 43.0 cm e tótima = 6 anos. Para os comprimentos entre 38,0 cm (5 anos) e 47,0 cm (7 anos), também foram encontrados valores elevados de biomassa relativa, em torno de 95% da biomassa máxima possível. Na avaliação preliminar do estoque de C. parallelus no litoral do Paraná, realizada através da análise da composição em comprimentos e da estrutura etária das capturas registradas nos campeonatos de pesca esportiva, foi constatada a ocorrência de sobrepesca de crescimento, ou seja, a captura de grande quantidade de juvenis e poucos exemplares adultos (>35,0 cm), caracterizando um desequilíbrio na estrutura etária da população
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Idade e crescimento do robalo-flecha, Centropomus undecimalis (Bloch, 1792 ) e robalo-peva Centropomus parallelus (Poey,1860) (Osteichthyes: Centropomidae), no Sudeste do Brasil / Age and growth of arrow-bass, Centropomus undecimalis (Bloch, 1792) and bass-peva Centropomus parallelus (Poey, 1860) (Osteichthyes: Centropomidae), in southeastern BrazilMaria Odete Ximenes Carvalho 09 February 2006 (has links)
O robalo-flecha, Centropomus umdecimalis, e robalo-peva, Centropomus parallelus, sÃo duas spÃcies habitantes de ambientes estuarino e costeiro marinho ao longo das regiÃes Norte, Nordeste e Sudeste do Brasil portanto, com grande
potencialidade para a maricultura. A estimaÃÃo dos parÃmetros de crescimento, objeto principal deste trabalho, fornecerà as informaÃÃes necessÃrias para se avaliar a relaÃÃo custo/benefÃcio na implantaÃÃo de projetos de cultivo, principalmente quanto à eficiÃncia alimentar sobre a taxa de crescimento registrada por populaÃÃes naturais. Os dados bÃsicos foram obtidos por amostragem dos desembarques de
pescado no Mercado de SÃo Pedro (NiterÃi, Estado do Rio de Janeiro), efetuados pela frota comercial de barcos linheiros que atuam ao longo da costa de Cabo Frio (23Â S). O material coletado consiste de 264 exemplares, sendo 130 de C.
undecimalis e 134 de C. parallelus, no perÃodo entre junho de 1999 e junho de 2000. Destes foram retiradas escamas para os estudo da idade e crescimento, por meio da identificaÃÃo dos anÃis etÃrios e mediaÃÃo das zonas de crescimento. As
amplitudes de variaÃÃo do comprimento total foram 33,1 â 78,9 cm (C. undecimalis), e 29,5 â 57,3 cm (C. parallelus). As premissas bÃsicas sobre proporcionalidade nos padrÃes de crescimento da escama e do peixe, e sobre a periodicidade na formaÃÃo dos anÃis etÃrios, foram avaliadas por meio da anÃlise de regressÃo e variaÃÃo mensal no Incremento Marginal, respectivamente. Os parÃmetros de crescimento, comprimento mÃximo teÃrico, coeficiente de crescimento, e idade inicial aparente, bem como o Ãndice de desempenho do crescimento, foram estimados. O coeficiente de mortalidade natural (M) foi tambÃm estimado para fazer parte da razÃo M/K. AnÃlises estatÃsticas foram empregadas para se comparar o padrÃo de crescimento entre as duas espÃcies (teste t) e a significÃncia da mudanÃa de idade em intervalos mensais (teste H, de Kruskal-Wallis). Os resultados obtidos estÃo resumidos nos
seguintes itens: (a) Confirmou-se a premissa de proporcionalidade isomÃtrica entre os comprimentos do peixe e da escama; (b) as âdatas de aniversÃrioâ do robaloflecha
e do robalo-peva correspondem aos perÃodos mensais de abril-junho e agosto-outubro, respectivamente; (c) os parÃmetros de idade e crescimento estimados para o robalo-flecha foram: L = 101, 1 cm, W = 11,4 kg, K = 0,112, t0 =
- 2,59 ano, tmax = 29,3 anos e fâ = 3,058; (d) os parÃmetros de idade e crescimento estimados para o robalo-peva foram: L = 67,9, W = 3,6 kg, K = 0,187, t0 = - 2,48 ano, tmax = 18,6 anos e fâ = 2,936; (e) O robalo-peva atinge um menor tamanho mais tem taxa de crescimento mais rÃpida do que o robalo-flecha; (f) o coeficiente de mortalidade natural foi estimado como M = 0,259 (C. undecimalis) e M = 0,406 (C.
parallelus), com os respectivos valores de M/K = 2,312 e M/K = 2,171, que classificam estas espÃcies como pertencentes ao 4Â nÃvel trÃfico; (g) Os valores do coeficiente de desempenho (fâ) confirmam a adoÃÃo de uma estratÃgia de crescimento compatÃvel com espÃcies predadoras de mÃdio e grande portes. / The common snook, Centropomus umdecimalis, and the fat snook, Centropomus parallelus, are two species that dwell on estuarine and costal marine environments along the North, Northeast and South Brazil, hence with great potential for mariculture. The estimation of age and growth parameters, the primary objective of this paper, should supply the necessary information to evaluate the cost/benefit ratio for the development of marine fish farms, especially as to feeding efficiency in promoting the enhancement of growth rates in comparison to that of wild populations. The databank was obtained by means of sampling of the landings made at the SÃo Pedro fishmarket, in NiterÃi, Rio de Janeiro State, by the commercial fleet of liners which fish for pelagic resources off Cabo Frioâs coast (23oS) The collected material was comprised of 264 specimens, 130 of C. undecimalis and 134 of C. parallelus, in the period from June, 1999 through June, 2000. From a site below the pectoral fin scales were drawn for age and growth studies to be performed by means of the
identification of age rings and measurement of growth bands. Total lengths of the sampled fish were in the range of 33.1 â 78.9 cm (C. undecimalis) and 29.5 â 57.3 cm (C. parallelus). The basic assumptions on the dependence of fish size on scale size, and the periodicity in age rings formation were investigated by regression equations and monthly variations in the scaleâs marginal increment, respectively. The parameters of the growth equation, namely asymptotic length, growth coefficient and theoretical age at birth, and growth performance index as well were estimated. The natural mortality coefficient (M) was calculated in order to make up the M/K ratio. Statistical analyses were used in order to compare the growth rate between common snook and fat snook through Studentâs t test, and to assess the significance of age changes between pairs of adjoining months through Kruskal-Wallisâ H test. The drawn results may be summarized as follows: (a) the assumption of a regression of scale length on fish length was met; (b) the âbirth datesâ of common snook and fat
snook correspond with April-June and August-October monthly periods; (c) the age and growth parameters for common snook were: L = 101. 1 cm, W = 11.4 kg, K = 0.112, t0 = - 2.59 yr., tmax = 29.3 yr. and fâ = 3.058; (d) the age and growth parameters for fat snook were: L = 67.9, W = 3.6 kg, K = 0.187, t0 = - 2.48 yr., tmax = 18.6 yr. and fâ = 2.936; (e) the fat snook reaches a smaller size but grows
quicker than the common snook; (f) the natural mortality coefficient was estimated at M = 0.259 (C. undecimalis) e M = 0.406 (C. parallelus), entailing respective values of
M/K = 2.312 and M/K = 2.171, which classify those species into the fourth trophic level; (g) The growth performance indices indicate the adoption of a strategy consistent with that assumed by mean- and large-sized predatory species.
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