As the economic developing, the demanding for various kind of medical and health caring is rising for the people in Taiwan and it lead to a more competitive medical market. The average life for people in Taiwan is getting higher, nevertheless, the population that suffering from chronic diseases is growing. However, people are expecting a considerate medical service. Therefore, how to increase the service efficiency and quality, and maintain the patient¡¦s right and further rising the satisfaction are becoming important issues for the medical institutes and the government. After the National Health Service was carried out in March, 1995, an enormous and constructive change has revealed. As the government finance has getting worse, the Bureau of National Health Insurance conducted the budget control policy in July, 2002. This policy caused the profit of medical institutes was reducing and the cost was getting higher. Besides, more and more new competitors joined this medical market, and plus, people asked for a better medical service and quality, medical institute is no longer profitable. In order to improve the circumstance, the medical institutes devoted in promoting the service quality and patient¡¦s satisfaction to maintain the fully support from the patients. This research is probe to one major medical center in South of Taiwan and to invest its medical service quality and the return willing of the patient. We released 400 questionnaires and 367 returned validly, the recycling rate is 91%. We adopted SPSS for windows 17.0 as the main tool to analyze the data and get the following conclusion: the medication environment and expectation, the process and the accuracy of diagnose, the waiting and diagnose hour, the attitude of nursing staff, the diagnose service and the return willing are all obvious. Meanwhile, the hardware and software of the medical institute, the service attitude of the nursing staff is greatly affecting the return willing of the patient. Therefore, the management of medical institute should think highly of the above sectors as main strategy to increase the return willing of the patient. And we will have better medical service.

At May 2003, Taiwan¡¦s Internet auction market has been rising by one of eBay¡¦s advertisement ¡§ Mrs. Tang¡¦s favor Pan-Long vast is broken by her husband.¡¨ And that brings Taiwan¡¦s Internet auction market into the Warring States era. You can see that from the number of Yahoo auction¡¦s volume of merchandise trade, which grew suddenly from 2000 deals at September 2001 to 18 million deals at May 2003. it¡¦s growth rate is 900 times, and the sum of merchandise trade money is more than NT 100 billions. There are a lot of chances to make money in this burgeoning market. The consumer can save a lot of time and money from shopping on Internet auction, but this high technology benefit also creates various Internet cheating behavior. That¡¦s the reason why people love this new transaction way, but are afraid to get hut from it at the same time. So, this research is focus on the consumer purchasing motivation and perceptive risk, attempting to realize the consumer¡¦s demand and the behavior of avoiding perceptive risk by analyze how purchasing motivation and perceptive risk will effect the purchasing willing. And from analyzing the characteristics of the consumer, hope that we can provide suitable improving advises to the manager. This research has received 210 valid questionnaires. We use two level cluster analysis and discriminant analysis to separate our sample data into three clusters by purchasing motivation and perceptive risk: The sample data is separate into high-demand motivation cluster, middle-demand motivation cluster and low-demand motivation cluster. About the variable of perceptive risk, the data is separated into financial-performance risk cluster, security risk cluster and physical-time risk cluster. And then,£q2 analysis, one-way ANOVA, factor analysis, canonical correlation analysis and Pearson correlation analysis are used for deeper analysis and discussion. The following list is our research result and finding: 1. On the Internet auction, the consumer¡¦s purchasing motivation will effect their purchasing willing. When you have stronger motivation to purchase on Internet auction, your purchasing willing will be higher. 2. Perceptive risk will effect the consumer¡¦s willing to purchase on the Internet auction. When you have stronger perceptive risk to purchase on Internet auction, your purchasing willing will be lower. 3. Perceptive risk will effect the consumer¡¦s motivation to purchase on the Internet auction. When you have stronger perceptive risk to purchase on Internet auction, your motivation will be lower. 4. Perceptive risk, purchase motivation and purchase willing would be influenced by personal attribute. But the effect of demographic statistics variables, some of personal attributes, is not strong. In the contract, the effect of the other personal attributes, Internet behavior, make the perceptive risk, purchasing motivation and purchasing willing obviously different.

The purposes of this research are to find out consumer¡¦s perception and expectation of beef safety. Our questionnaire research is by asking people who lives in Kaohsiung city and had bough beef before to find out those factors which affect purchasing willing. Our research contents two purposes. The first is to understand the consumer¡¦s perception of import beef safety. The other is to find out the factors those affect buying willing. The total responses are 204 questionnaires. Use ANCOVA and regression statistics to analyze our data. Results showed that: (1) age is significant to the knowledge of BSE. (2) the belief of government and Prof. who has positive attitude about BSE is significant to purchasing willing. (3) percentage of relatives and friends who also eat beef is significant to purchasing willing. According to our research results, we made some suggestions to government to improve beef permit system and to promote knowledge of BSE to consumer.

In the beginning of internet development, the advertising revenue is the most important income of a website. After the burst of internet bubbles, some scholars mentioned that the information content is priced and user-charged. Nowadays, because of the broadband network, users spend less money and more time in connecting to internet. The owners of websites also find out more online business models for earning advertising fee, recharging fee, transacting fee and license fee from customers and providers. This research intends to discuss what difference in website attributes between chargeable websites and free website and what kinds of service and content are attractive to users¡¦ willing to pay. Based on previous studies, this research concludes six website attributes: fit to purpose, ease of use, interaction, personalization, customization and trust. The 85 samples are the most popular websites in Taiwan and some experts scored their six website attributes, website awareness and competitive situation. After discriminant analysis, the result indicates that personalization, interaction and trust are discriminative between different chargeable models. Besides, an online questionnaire survey is used to know users¡¦ experience and willing to pay. There are three kinds of principle component after factor analysis: efficiency, design and personalization. The managers of websites can make their pricing strategy by measuring this attributes and factors.

M.A. Faculty of Humanties, University of the Witwatersrand / The racial discrimination under colonialism and apartheid culminated to the dispossession of black people from their land, and to unequal land distribution between black and white people. Territorial segregation during this period was not only about the displacement of black people from their land and their deprivation to equal access to land compared to their white counterparts, it was also about economic deprivation, eradication of subsistence agriculture and the transformation of blacks into wage labourers (Hall, 2004; Walker, 2008).The post-apartheid land reform process was initiated to redress the injustices and inequalities of the past. It took a market-driven approach to blend the objectives of land reform with those of national reconciliation and maintenance of food security (DLA, 1997). The land reform process took a form of restoring land to its original owners who were forcefully removed from it after June 1913 or compensation if land could not be restored. It was also aimed at securing tenure rights for farm workers, labour tenants, farm dwellers and people residing in communal areas. The aims of the third part of the land reform programme was to redistribute 30% of commercial farms in white hands to black people with the view of redressing racial disparities in landholding. As early as in the initial stages of the development of South Africa’s land policy in the early 1990s, scholars and civil society groups warned about the ineffectiveness of the market to deliver on land reform objectives. This paper adopts a case study approach to study the South African land reform process in relation to the notion of empowerment. It focuses on the Land Reform for Agricultural Development (LRAD) sub-programme by looking at the intersection between race, gender and class. Bambanani Fruits (Pty) Ltd, an LRAD project based in the Gauteng province is used as a case study. This is an LRAD Equity Scheme project, meaning that its beneficiaries (who are former workers on the farm) acquired an LRAD grant to purchase equity shares to be co-owners of the project. Bambanani Fruits is a successful project considering its productivity and access to the market. This paper investigates how much LRAD beneficiaries are part of this success i.e. whether they have agency, whether they feel a sense of ownership and control of the project, and the extent at which they take part in decision making in the project. This task is carried out through the application of Kabeer’s (1999) instrumentalist model of measuring empowerment. Kabeer states that empowerment is measured by looking at three aspects, namely; resources, agency and achievement. Kabeer’s model is applied to the data which was collected through various means including in depth interviews with Bambanani LRAD beneficiaries and land officials from the province, document analysis and review of existing scholarly work on land reform. It is well documented that South Africa’s land reform process has been very slow in delivering to its objectives, and departmental reports used in this paper also confirm this assertion. The research results reveal that even though more land was transferred under LRAD, the sub-programme also encountered some of the challenges and hindrances faced by its predecessor Settlement/Land Acquisition Grant (SLAG). It faced budgetary constraints, complexities of the land market such as price restrictions and resistance by land owners to cede land, and so on. Generally, it was found that LRAD tended to entrench race, gender and class disparities in landholding. At Bambanani, I discovered that LRAD has affected beneficiaries differently. The sub-programme has stratified these beneficiaries into competing class factions. Divergent interests have emerged to distort the actual meaning of empowerment. I have labelled this tension a ‘dichotomous factionalism’. The struggle and conflict is caught up between beneficiaries themselves, and their disunity has left the hegemony of the farm’s management unchallenged. I argue that, their empowerment is firstly condemned from within and this internal condemnation limits their negotiating power with the management. Secondly, their empowerment is curtailed by the farm’s management in such as way that it sometimes uses its majority shares to justify unilateral decision making. According to Kabeer, empowerment ought to encompass egalitarian decision making. Respondents have reported this is not always being the case at Bambanani. One group of participants complained about how things have remained the same on the farm despite the acquisition of LRAD shares to co-own the farm. Another group which is mostly comprised by trust members argued that things have changed for the better compared to the period prior to the attainment of these equity shares. In doing so, this group blames the discontent group for the lack of commitment to the project and for being after money over the interest of the project. The discontent group has also complained that the trust is not representing their interests to the management, and whenever they lay complaints there are often threats of expulsion. Apart from the above mentioned conflict of interests amongst Bambanani beneficiaries, positive elements were also discovered where beneficiaries agreed on some areas of dissatisfaction. I have labelled this a Collective Discontent Spectacle. The plight of beneficiaries is caused by the lack of adequate exposure to the business side of the farm’s operation and the lack of delivery on houses which were promised to them by the management as part of the shareholding package. Having considered the Bambanani case and other literature on LRAD, I concluded that LRAD has failed to fulfil empowerment requirements as per Kabeer’s model.

A thorough investigation of legislation involved in the land reform programme was conducted. This includes the Constitution of South Africa, as well as the legal frameworks that manage the land reform process. Many of the unintended results are because of misunderstandings. This study sought to clarify those misunderstandings and confusing language. The South African land reform process was excellently planned. The process is managed in three phases, namely land restitution, land redistribution and land tenure. There are some successes and failures due to the way those programmes were implemented. In order to implement and manage the land reform programmes and spatial planning on national, provincial and district level, the following plans were introduced: National Level: Pro-active Land Acquisition Strategy (PLAS) & Area-based Planning Provincial Level: Limpopo Growth and Development Strategy (LGDS) District Level: Mopani Integrated Development Plan Local Level: Greater Tzaneen Municipality Integrated Development Plan & Spatial Development Framework The study area, the Tzaneen Local Municipality, was chosen because it is home to some of the first land reform projects in South Africa, it is the district with some of the highest intensity of land claims and it offers a complete menu of land reform programmes in an advanced state on a small area. The impact that land reform has had on the spatial development in the Tzaneen Local Municipality has been studied in more detail. As the study progressed, it was realised that the impact not only stops at spatial development. The influence was much bigger than that. The local economy was affected, as were job opportunities, tourism, food security, the retail industry and even the mining industry. Such an impact is also not restricted to the Tzaneen Local Municipality. In order to control the land reform process, the government should involve the private sector in the land reform process. The moment this happens, the skills and experience locked in the private sector are transferred to the government for the benefit of all people involved in and influenced by the land reform process. An Integrated Land Reform Action Forum (ILRAF) must be established that manages the land reform process on national, provincial and local level. This ILRAF has to fulfil much the same purpose as the former Joint Monitoring Committees (JMCs) accomplished. The ILRAF must consist of all role-players within the land reform process. These include, national, provincial and local government officials, commercial farmers, key role-players from the private sector, farm worker representatives, Agri-SA, professionals such as town and regional planners and transfer attorneys, farmers? associations, commercial banks and the media to ensure transparency. In order to correct past mistakes and to ensure that the next five years of the land reform process goes off without a hitch, it is important to involve all role-players and ensure transparency throughout all decision-making processes. Key Terms: Land Reform; Agri-village; Area Based Planning; Land Restitution; Land Redistribution; Land Tenure Reform; Greater Tzaneen Municipality; Willing buyer-willing seller; Spatial Development Framework; Integrated Development Plan. / Thesis (M.Art. et Scien. (Town and Regional Planning))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2010.

A thorough investigation of legislation involved in the land reform programme was conducted. This includes the Constitution of South Africa, as well as the legal frameworks that manage the land reform process. Many of the unintended results are because of misunderstandings. This study sought to clarify those misunderstandings and confusing language. The South African land reform process was excellently planned. The process is managed in three phases, namely land restitution, land redistribution and land tenure. There are some successes and failures due to the way those programmes were implemented. In order to implement and manage the land reform programmes and spatial planning on national, provincial and district level, the following plans were introduced: National Level: Pro-active Land Acquisition Strategy (PLAS) & Area-based Planning Provincial Level: Limpopo Growth and Development Strategy (LGDS) District Level: Mopani Integrated Development Plan Local Level: Greater Tzaneen Municipality Integrated Development Plan & Spatial Development Framework The study area, the Tzaneen Local Municipality, was chosen because it is home to some of the first land reform projects in South Africa, it is the district with some of the highest intensity of land claims and it offers a complete menu of land reform programmes in an advanced state on a small area. The impact that land reform has had on the spatial development in the Tzaneen Local Municipality has been studied in more detail. As the study progressed, it was realised that the impact not only stops at spatial development. The influence was much bigger than that. The local economy was affected, as were job opportunities, tourism, food security, the retail industry and even the mining industry. Such an impact is also not restricted to the Tzaneen Local Municipality. In order to control the land reform process, the government should involve the private sector in the land reform process. The moment this happens, the skills and experience locked in the private sector are transferred to the government for the benefit of all people involved in and influenced by the land reform process. An Integrated Land Reform Action Forum (ILRAF) must be established that manages the land reform process on national, provincial and local level. This ILRAF has to fulfil much the same purpose as the former Joint Monitoring Committees (JMCs) accomplished. The ILRAF must consist of all role-players within the land reform process. These include, national, provincial and local government officials, commercial farmers, key role-players from the private sector, farm worker representatives, Agri-SA, professionals such as town and regional planners and transfer attorneys, farmers? associations, commercial banks and the media to ensure transparency. In order to correct past mistakes and to ensure that the next five years of the land reform process goes off without a hitch, it is important to involve all role-players and ensure transparency throughout all decision-making processes. Key Terms: Land Reform; Agri-village; Area Based Planning; Land Restitution; Land Redistribution; Land Tenure Reform; Greater Tzaneen Municipality; Willing buyer-willing seller; Spatial Development Framework; Integrated Development Plan. / Thesis (M.Art. et Scien. (Town and Regional Planning))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2010.

In Republic of China, Labor Pension Act (to be called the New Mechanism for short in the following) was officially carried out in July 1, 2005. Being different from the Labor Standards Act (to be called the Old Mechanism for short in the following), the biggest feature of the new mechanism is that the retirement fund is portable. However, with the new mechanism , people are guaranteed to receive the retirement fund while they will get more money if they choose the old mechanism . Therefore, the problem of how to choose the suitable mechanism for the employees who were hired before July 1, 2005 has been discussed. Generally, if the employee doesn¡¦t have the intention to change his job, and has more confidence to his company, he should choose the old mechanism . On the contrary, he should choose the new mechanism . Thus, whether the employee chooses the new or old mechanism seems to become the important reference for the employer to test the employee¡¦s royalty and confidence toward the company. Someone even predicted that the implementation of the new mechanism would symbolize the coming of job changing boom. This report is based on the actual research of enterprises, and tries to understand and investigate the connection between employees and job stress, job satisfaction, and organization commitment. Moreover, based on the unstable character of individual, this report is trying to prove and understand if there is an obvious difference between the influence of job stress, job satisfaction, organization commitment, and the willing of changing job to make the employees choose the old or new mechanism . This is to provide the reference for enterprises to make plans for the human resources. Through this research, I found out the following in certain cases: 1. There is an obvious connection among the employees¡¦ job stress, job satisfaction, and organization commitment. 2. Job satisfaction and organization commitment have obvious influence to one¡¦s willing to change jobs. 3. The employees who change their mind to choose either the new policy or the old policy have obvious difference to the influence of job satisfaction, organization commitment, the willing of changing jobs, etc

No description available.

No description available.