New City Baths in Brno The form follows its program and location. Mutual shift of both buildings creates garden's intimate atmosphere. Baths and winter garden are situated in building's upper part, services like hairdresser's, cosmetics and restaurants are available on the ground floor. Car parking lot is underground.

<p> The following study describes the evolution of Alexander Pope's Pastorals from their embryonic state in the earliest extant manuscript of them, the Houghton holograph, to their final resting place in the last authorized version of them, the posthumous 1751 edition of the poet's Works edited by his friend and literary executor, Rev. William Warburton. During this period the four poems -- "Spring", "Summer", "Autumn" and "Winter" -- and the brief critical treatise that accompanied them underwent hundreds of alterations, from single words to entire stanzas. A careful examination of the earliest extant version, in conjunction with a close study of the many changes and additions Pope made during this lifetime, provides a considerable amount of information concerning precisely what Pop endeavours to accomplish in creating this cycle of poems. A xerox copy of the Houghton holograph, together with a diplomatic transcript of it and a list of all subsequent authorized alterations to the text has been included to facilitate the study. Though some of the variants of this holograph have been cited (with varying degrees of accuracy) in previous editions of Pope's poetry, the manuscript itself has never before been reproduced in its entirety. </p> <p> This study concentrates particularly upon the evolution of the Pastorals primarily because a comparison of the final version of any given passage with earlier versions often makes the poet's intentions clearer. Pope himself would seem to have been aware of this fact since he includes a number of variant readings from manuscripts and earlier printed texts in the notes he appends to these poems in the 1736 edition of his Works. Likewise, an examination of the sources of Pope's allusions to other poems in the pastoral tradition -- some though by no means all of which he also records in his 1736 notes -- sheds additional light on the poet's meeting. Though the vast majority of these allusions have been identified by previous scholars, their function in the poems themselves has to date been, for the most part, ignored. Yet, as this study demonstrates, these allusions and their contexts form an integral part of the poet's design, frequently providing an oblique, but highly pertinent comment upon what is actually taking place. </p> <p> This study leads ultimately to a new reading of the Pastorals, one that focuses upon the numerous alterations and additions to them between 1704 -- the supposed date of the Houghton holograph which may be regarded as their first limited "edition" -- and 1751. Particular emphasis is placed on the major additions -- the dedicatory stanzas inserted into the first three poems in 1709, the revised version of the prose treatise added in 1717 and the apparatus of notes appended in 1736. For, in each of these Pope would appear to be providing his readers with the necessary direction to comprehend precisely what he is endeavouring to accomplish. To study Pope's creation without reference to these and the other factors previously mentioned is to miss much that is of the utmost importance in them. Only through a reconstruction of their evolution can be Pastorals be fully understood and appreciated. </p> / Thesis / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

No description available.

Over the past several decades, moose (Alces alces) populations in New England have been in decline due to winter tick (Dermacentor albipictus) parasitism. Winter ticks have been known to infest moose, with over 90,000 ticks being recorded on a single moose. These severe infestations, known as epizootics, are associated with high annual calf mortality rates (> 50%) and reductions in annual productivity (adult calving and twinning rates < 60% and 5%, respectively). Given this, it is increasingly important to effectively monitor moose and winter ticks to address consistent population decline of moose due to winter tick epizootics. The objectives of this work were to measure off-host winter tick abundance and associated environmental variables and compare off-host tick abundance in relation to moose abundance. To assess moose and winter tick abundance, I used a combination of camera traps and winter tick sampling. I set an array of 60 cameras across central-western Massachusetts, which contribute data to the Northeast Wildlife Monitoring Network. I used a plot-based sampling strategy that is effective for heterogenous habitat types to sample winter ticks at sites in western and central Massachusetts as well as the White Mountain National Forest and Umbagog National Wildlife Refuge in New Hampshire. The Penobscot Nation developed the tick sampling approach and contributed additional winter tick data from their sovereign trust lands in Maine. I used N-mixture models to generate estimates of tick abundance for each of the three study areas. Results from this study can inform monitoring strategies for ticks, predict epizootic severity, and develop tools to mitigate threats to moose. This is important for managers looking to prevent further declines in moose populations due to winter ticks and tribes seeking to maintain populations for sustenance.

Dry matter production must be predicted to utilize nitrogen recommendation models for winter wheat at growth stage 30. Four methods of dry matter estimation were evaluated for their ability to predict dry matter production. The pasture probe, height, and rising plate methods did not have adequate prediction ability. The drop plate method predicted dry matter with an r² of prediction of 0.82 for all sites combined. The predictive ability for an individual site was lower. The combined model on an individual site caused a wide range of errors. Consequently, the four methods are not recommended for estimating dry matter. The changes in percent nitrogen and dry matter near growth stage 30 were measured. Dry matter increased significantly, but percent nitrogen did not vary significantly. The number of clipped samples necessary to estimate the dry matter for the five ha field studied was four samples. The number of samples needed for larger fields will depend on the variability of the dry matter in the field and on the variation inherent to the sampling technique. Adequate potassium nutrition is required for high yields of winter wheat. Current soil test levels were evaluated and found to adequately describe the crop’s need for potassium. The influence of preplant and growth stage 25 applied potassium on yield and lodging was evaluated. On the medium to high potassium test soils used, the timing of the application did not affect yields or lodging. Ethephon reduced lodging better than potassium. / Master of Science

no abstract provided by author / Master of Science

The tire-terrain interaction is complex and tremendously important; it impacts the performance and safety of the vehicle and its occupants. Icy roads further enhance these complexities and adversely affect the handling of the vehicle. The analysis of the tire-ice contact focusing on individual aspects of tire construction and operation is imperative for tire industry's future. This study investigates the effects of the tread rubber compound on the drawbar pull performance of tires in contact with an ice layer near its melting point. A set of sixteen tires of eight different rubber compounds were considered. The tires were identical in design and tread patterns but have different tread rubber compounds. To study the effect of the tread rubber compound, all operational parameters were kept constant during the testing conducted on the Terramechanics Rig at the Terramechanics, Multibody, and Vehicle Systems laboratory. The tests led to conclusive evidence of the effect of the tread rubber compound on the drawbar performance (found to be most prominent in the linear region of the drawbar-slip curve) and on the resistive forces of free-rolling tires. Modeling of the tire-ice contact for estimation of temperature rise and water film height was performed using ATIIM 2.0. The performance of this in-house model was compared against three classical tire-ice friction models. A parametrization of the Magic Formula tire model was performed using experimental data and a Genetic Algorithm. The dependence of individual factors of the Magic Formula on the ambient temperature, tire age, and tread rubber compounds was investigated. / Master of Science / The interaction between the tire and icy road conditions in the context of the safety of the occupants of the vehicle is a demanding test of the skills of the driver. The expected maneuvers of a vehicle in response to the actions of the driver become heavily unpredictable depending on a variety of factors like the thickness of the ice, its temperature, ambient temperature, the conditions of the vehicle and the tire, etc. To overcome the issues that could arise, the development of winter tires got a boost, especially with siping and rubber compounding technology. This research focuses on the effects on the tire performance on ice due to the variation in the tread rubber compounds. The experimental accomplishment of the same was performed using the Terramechanics rig at the Terramechanics, Multibody, and Vehicle Systems (TMVS) laboratory. It was found that the effect of the rubber compound is most pronounced in the region where most vehicles operate under normal circumstances. An attempt was made to simulate the temperature rise in the contact patch and the water film that exists due to the localized melting of ice caused by frictional heating. Three classical friction models were used to compare the predictions against ATIIM 2.0, an in-house developed model. Using an optimization technique namely the Genetic Algorithm, efforts were made to understand the effects of the tread rubber compound, the ambient temperature, and the aging of the tire on the parameters of the Magic Formula model, an empirical model describing the performance of the tire.

This thesis argues that accommodation to winter was an important — though not the only — response of early Dakotans to the annual challenges and hazards of winter. It examines first the challenges of winter, then what Dakotans did to protect themselves from and even profit from the season, then the ways that Dakotans spoke in positive ways about their winters or, using winter, themselves. / Master of Arts

Soft red winter wheat (Saluda c.v.) was fertilized using three treatments; urea, urea + KCl, and urea + sulfur. The wheat was harvested and milled and the flour produced was used to evaluate the baking quality of the wheat. Objective tests were performed on the flour samples. Significant differences in flour analysis were found among the three treatments. Farinograph curves for all treatments had medium peak time and short stability giving all samples hard red winter and hard red spring wheat characteristics. Flour from nitrogen-treated grain was most tolerant to mixing and was significantly a stronger flour according to its mixing tolerance index (MTI) value, peak time value, and absorption value. Flour treated with KCl had mixed characteristics; absorption and peak times gave it strong flour characteristics, while MTI value gave it medium-strength characteristics. Sulfur-treated flour exhibited medium-strength characteristics. Ash results demonstrated that KCl treatment had significantly higher ash content and was not suitable for the cake batter. All treatments had higher protein contents than those characteristics of cake and cookie flours. Yellow cakes were baked for all three treatments and objective and sensory tests were performed. The flour treated with nitrogen and KCl produced cakes of low quality, sunken structure, dense in texture, and low in volume. Cakes made with sulfur-treated flour retained their structure and had the highest volume, but the texture was still dense. Sensory panelists found cakes made from sulfur-treated flour lighter in texture than KCl and nitrogen treatments. Cakes from nitrogen-treated flour were perceived as being denser than the rest. / Master of Science

Optimum spring N fertilizer rates for winter wheat in Virginia vary widely from field to field, but traditionally spring N is applied at a uniform rate to all fields. A recently-developed tissue test procedure provides a field-specific evaluation of crop N status and predicts optimum N rate for the second spring N application in a split spring application management system. However, this procedure is based on a small number of researcher-planted experiments utilizing a single cultivar; it fails to provide field-specific rate recommendations for the first spring N application; and it is not accessible to farmers who are unwilling to split their spring N applications. Our objectives were: to evaluate the reliability of the tissue test procedure in a large number of farmer fields; to develop a method for making field-specific N rate recommendations for the first spring application in a split-application management system; and to develop a method for making field-specific N rate recommendations in a single-application management system. Forty-five spring N rate experiments were established in farmer fields over a five-year period. A range of N fertilizer rates was applied in early spring (Zadoks growth stage 25) and again in mid-spring (Zadoks growth stage 30) in all possible combinations. Yield data were used to calculate economic optimum N rates at growth stage (GS) 25 and GS 30 with split-application management, and at GS 25 with single-application management. These optima were regressed against a variety of predictor variables measured in the same fields. The reliability of the previously-developed tissue test procedure for making GS 30 N rate recommendations was confirmed. Tiller density was the best predictor of optimum GS 25 N rate with split-application management, while soil nitrate to 90 cm was the best predictor of optimum GS 25 N rate with single-application management. These three relationships fit together to form a flexible and powerful system for making spring N rate recommendations for winter wheat. This system increased estimated profit and apparent fertilizer efficiency in these experiments. / Ph. D.