Thesis (DTech(Design)--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2009 / Universal Design (UD), as it is known in the USA and elsewhere, is an inclusive approach to designing for the broader population and is rapidly gaining popularity amongst design practitioners and planners globally. Similar non-exclusive approaches have evolved in diverse parts of the world to counter the systemic disablement and exclusion of vulnerable/special populations of users perpetuated by traditional approaches to design. The transdisciplinary field of UD is informed by concilience in accommodating a wide range of related fields, such as education, landscape architecture, architecture, town and regional planning, industrial/product/three-dimensional design, furniture design, interior design, communication/information/graphic design, interaction design, human-computer interaction (HCI)/usability studies, and ergonomics/human factors engineering. UD proposes a collaborative systems approach that benefits from the synergies of cross-functionalism by approaching the diverse challenges facing society through socially responsible design. In so doing, UD can potentially impact such diverse issues as health, transportation, inclusive education, sports and recreation, entertainment, social welfare, inclusive employment, transgenerational/lifespan housing, inclusive tourism, accessibility, safety, and ecological concerns on sustainability.

Thesis (MTech (Tourism and Hospitality Management))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2008. / Research shows that Cape Town has become one of the most popular and prestigious destinations to visit and has opened its doors to minor and major events worldwide. Successful annual events that have become established in Cape Town, nationally and internationally, include events such as the Cape Town International Jazz Festival, Cape Outdoor Adventure and Travel show, Community Chest Carnival, Design Indaba, Design for Living, Homemakers Expo, Cape Argus Cycle Tour, as well as the Old Mutual Two Oceans Marathon and the Cape Town International Kite Festival. Venues such as the Cape Town International Convention Centre have become an international trademark and host large events such as the World Diabetes Conference. These events and venues have placed Cape Town in the world’s top ten destinations to visit. Cape Town is currently preparing for the 2010 Soccer World Cup which places much focus on Risk Management and Compliance. Risk Management concerns predictions and preventions and is described as a process of continuous improvement, which is directed towards effective management of potential opportunities and adverse effects that would impact the event. Risk management plays an important role in the planning and organising of these major events. The aim of this study has determined what the common risks were that event stakeholders within the City of Cape Town have found difficult to manage and have regularly encountered. Risk Management has become one of the most important operational domains within the Event Industry within Cape Town, as well as on a global scale. Since Cape Town has become a global player within the events arena, in terms of major events, much focus has been on risk responsibility and accountability.

Thesis (Mtech( Tourism and hospitality management))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2010 / This thesis exams the extent to which the 2010 FIFA Soccer World Cup will impact on African immigrants in the Western Cape. The study aims to investigate their awareness, expectations, perceptions, and how they would like to be involved in this major event. Between 1 November and 30 November, about a year and a half before the 2010 World Cup starts, 200 immigrants from the African continent who live in the Republic of South Africa completed the survey instrument. The study was conducted in two residential areas, two Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs) and the Cape Town city centre. A quantitative design using a questionnaire survey was utilised to establish the opinions of the participants. Data analysed by means of descriptive statistics was used to obtain the frequencies, expressed as percentages. The results of this study reveal that African immigrants in the Western Cape are aware of the 2010 World Cup and the different opportunities of hosting it on the African continent. African immigrants have positive perceptions and expectations towards this event. They expect to gain some benefits and are ready to be involved in this major event. This research also proposes a framework that offers simple ideas and suggestions to allow the Local Organising Committee (LOC) to select a suitable level on which to involve African Immigrants of the Western Cape in the 2010 World Cup, as well as the ‘tools and techniques’ to help the LOC to plan, implement and evaluate the right community involvement process. This study could assist in planning and deciding suitable strategies for the Western Cape Province and the 2010 World Cup Local Organising Committee for community involvement in this event. It could assist also in making the 2010 World Cup an African event, by giving it a true African flavour and focus.

Thesis (MTech (Tourism and Hospitality Management))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2009 / Football is considered one of the most important sports in several of the 53 countries in Africa, with the largest viewership and participation.

Orientador: José Carlos Marques / Banca: Ary José Rocco Júnior / Banca: Marcos Américo / Resumo: Este trabalho teve como objetivo fazer um estudo comparativo, por meio da análise de conteúdo, entre a comunicação veiculada pelo Portal da Copa (Site do Governo Federal Brasileiro sobre a Copa do Mundo da FIFA 2014) e pela seção de olho no cofre, mantida pelo site do UOL. O período de análise engloba os dias 01 de julho de 2012e 31 de dezembro de 2012. Partimos da hipótese de que o portal oficial da Copa divulga informações quase que invariavelmente positivas sobre o andamento dos trabalhos de organização do Mundial, omitindo, porém, outras informações que causariam impactos negativos sobre o evento, quando comparado com o conteúdo publicado na seção de olho no cofre. De um lado, o Portal da Copa, que é uma iniciativa do Poder Executivo Federal com o objetivo de facilitar o controle social dos recursos públicos que são investidos na preparação e execução dos jogos da Copa do Mundo de Futebol em 2014, opera com as ferramentas do discurso organizacional, promovendo pouco debate e otimizando-se sobre fatos importantes em suas páginas e de outro, o site do UOL, da iniciativa privada, com objetivos de esclarecimento, investigação e denúncia, típicos dos objetivos jornalísticos / Abstract: This work aimed to make a comparative study, through the analysis of content between communication conveyed by Portal Cup (Site of the Brazilian Federal Government on the World Cup 2014 FIFA) and the section the "eye in the safe" maintaned by the UOL website. The period of analysis convers the days July 1, 2012 and December 31, 2012. Hypothesized taht the oficial portal Cup discloses almost invariably positive information about the progress of the work of organizing the World Cup, however, omitting other information that would cause negative impacts on the event, when compared with the published content in the section of "eye in the safe". One one side, the Portal Cup, which is an initiative of the Federal Executive Branch in order to facilitate social control of public resources that are invested in the preparation and execution of the games of the World Cup in 2014, operates with the tools organizational discourse, promoting debate and little omiting important facts about your pages and others, the site private sector, seeking clarification, investigation and reporting, typical of journalistic goals / Mestre

D.Comm. (Sport Management) / The primary objective of the study was to establish what brand leverage strategies could be implemented in sport mega-event branding based on the case study of the 2010 FIFA World Cup South Africa. The secondary objectives focused on discovering the dimensions of sport mega-event branding, investigating the areas of sport mega-event impacts and leverage, identifying sport mega-event brand leverage activation tools and understanding the role of mega-event brand leverage activation tools in the context of their potential influence on the development of small and medium enterprises in the host country. Deriving from the research questions and objectives, a theoretical framework of sport mega-event brand leverage was created. It provided a blueprint for seven hypotheses, formulated in this study. A quantitative descriptive design was employed by the researcher. A self-administered web based questionnaire was uploaded at the Statkon website at the University of Johannesburg. The researcher utilised a purposive judgement sampling technique which targeted small and medium enterprises (SMEs) from the Gauteng and Western Cape provinces in South Africa. The companies were registered on four major online databases in South Africa – The Box, BizConnect, BizNetwork and online Yellow Pages. The main study was preceded by a two-phase pilot where five individuals representing conveniently chosen SMEs located in the city of Johannesburg filled out a hard copy of the questionnaire in each phase. Once the researcher refined the questions following the second pilot, the main research took place. The total of 8 902 emails, containing the website link, were sent out with 239 returned questionnaires accepted as valid to be included in the statistical analysis (2,95% response rate). The questionnaire was available online for five months between July and November 2011. The researcher made use of factor analysis and the Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) in the process of data analysis. The exploratory factor analysis enabled a reduction in the total number of latent variables (factors). It was followed by the confirmatory factor analysis, which also computed the goodness-of-fit indices allowing for establishing how well the model explained the data. Once the number of factors were reduced, the EQuationS (EQS) software was used to investigate mutual relationships between different variables and testing the hypotheses. The summary statistics, such as mean, median and standard deviation also helped in the interpretation of the findings. The main finding of the research was that the destination brand (South Africa) was a significant predictor of co-branding and an integral element of the sport mega-event branding (2010 FIFA World Cup South Africa). Co-branding was identified as the main brand leverage strategy – although there were various ancillary events supporting the World Cup. Ultimately the leverage opportunities lay in South Africa co-building the strong 2010 FIFA World Cup brand. In that, South Africa was one of the two dimensions of the mega-event branding which involved event and destination brands. The impact of social and political areas was identified as the most relevant to consider when staging a sport mega-event. In consequence they should be considered by destination brand managers and sport mega-event governing bodies when planning for leverage. Further analysis revealed that national identity and international prestige were found to have been considered as the most valuable areas of mega-event brand leverage in 2010. Close associations between national identity and prestige suggested that achieving one would have an influence on the other. Respondents thought that the aspects related to national identity should be included in marketing communications associated with the mega-event, such as advertising, public relations, sponsorship and licensing. Meanwhile, strengthening of a country’s international prestige should be anticipated when establishing the public relations strategy. In addition, sponsorship and relationship marketing were viewed as potentially having a significant influence on the development of local SMEs while licensing was seen as a solution with the power to boost SMEs growth in the short-term. This suggested that sponsors and other stakeholders should be involved in planning for positive event outcomes from a point of view of a local SME. This research had four main limitations which could not make the findings relevant to the broader population. Those limitations were: the low response rate, specific characteristics of hosting nation South Africa, as well as the fact that the World Cup is the most popular sporting event in the world. In addition, the sample population was limited to South African SMEs located in the Gauteng and Western Cape provinces which had an email and were registered on the four chosen online databases. That decision was driven by the fact that these two provinces are the two major business hubs in the country and were also involved the most in hosting of the World Cup matches in 2010. SMEs’ online presence enabled the researcher to conducts the study in an efficient and cost-effective way. More research is required in the future which would test the framework in different settings, with a different sample and also within an alternative time focus, mainly pre-and post-event.

Increasingly, tourism marketers and event organisers are acknowledging that the hosting of a mega-event can leave meaningful legacies for the people of the destination that extend far beyond the actual duration of the event. This research study proposes that one way to secure sustainable legacies for a host destination, is to leverage cultural and heritage tourism opportunities within the context of an event. Though, there is an indication that cultural and heritage tourism can play a major role in the event experience, a lack of information in this field currently limits the ability of host destinations to optimally leverage these opportunities. Based on this need for research in the combined field of cultural and heritage tourism and mega-events, the purpose of this qualitative research study was to explore the potential contributions of cultural and heritage tourism within the context of a mega-event. The City of Tshwane, a key host city in the 2010 Soccer World Cup, has been selected as an appropriate case study for this research. During the secondary data collection process, various best-practice mega-event case studies were explored, to determine the contributions of cultural and heritage tourism within each event. Based on this analysis, six cultural and heritage tourism opportunities were identified. Semi-structured, in-depth interviews were then utilised to obtain the views of stakeholders in the City of Tshwane regarding the potential cultural and heritage tourism opportunities in the hosting of the 2010 Soccer World Cup. Based on the findings from international and local best-practice case studies and stakeholder interviews, a model and strategic guidelines were developed to assist host destinations to optimally leverage cultural and heritage tourism opportunities in the hosting of an event. Critical success factors to optimally leverage these opportunities were also highlighted. This research study adds value to the existing body of knowledge in the fields of cultural and heritage tourism and mega-events and also provides additional perspectives in this regard. Finally, the City of Tshwane can become a role model for other host cities in leveraging cultural and heritage tourism opportunities within the context of the 2010 Soccer World Cup. / Dissertation (MCom)--University of Pretoria, 2011. / Tourism Management / unrestricted

No description available.

Previous research into sporting events and broadcast commentary have been consistent in showing that there are clear differences in prevalence of commentary topics when a commentator is describing a male athlete and a female athlete. Among these differences are sexualized and ambivalent language towards female athletes, gender marking, and language that suggests male athlete superiority to that of female athletes. Although sporting events such as the Summer and Winter Olympics and NCAA Men's and Women's Basketball Championship games have repeatedly been sites for exploration, the world's largest single-event sporting competition, the World Cup, remains relatively untouched. Keeping this in mind, using a systematic content analysis, this thesis analyzed the broadcast commentary provided by play-by-play and color commentators in FIFA World Cup and FIFA Women's World Cup final matches to discern whether or not the sex of the athlete competing resulted in a difference in the descriptive evaluations employed by commentators. Findings of this study revealed that there were few differences in the prevalence of descriptive evaluations based on the gender of the athletes competing. Implications of the results and recommendations for future research into broadcast commentary and World Cup final matches are addressed. / Master of Arts / Previous research into the role of broadcast commentary in sporting events has shown that not only are there differences in what sports commentators say about male and female athletes, but also in how often specific types of commentary occur. Through the examination of pinnacle athletic competitions, findings have revealed a higher frequency of sexualized and contradictory language towards female athletes, an increase in gender marking, and language that suggests the superiority of male athletes to that of female athletes, among other things. Despite the wide range of athletic competitions that have garnered research attention, one event that has remained relatively ignored is the FIFA World Cup. Because of this, by examining the broadcast commentary provided during FIFA World Cup and FIFA Women’s World Cup final matches, this study looked to discover if the sex of the athlete competing impacted how often certain evaluation types occurred during game action. Findings showed that there were few differences in the prevalence of these evaluations based on the sex of the athlete competing. In addition to discussing the findings of this study, recommendations for future research are also addressed.

Thesis (M.A. (International Relations))--University of the Witwatersrand, Faculty of Humanities, 2016. / With sport becoming a worldwide phenomenon through the international nature of matches and events, International Relations (IR) academic writers have had to take note. States and cities are increasingly using major sporting events and activities to re-image themselves, promote development and regeneration. Therefore, this research report will highlight numerous connections sport and IR possess through examining the widely proclaimed developmental impacts of hosting a mega sporting event (MSE) such as the FIFA World Cup. The professionalization and resultant commodification of sporting events seen through the transnational actor FIFA and World Cups in South Africa 2010 and Brazil 2014 will be used as case studies. These chosen cases will illustrate that in reality the FIFA World Cup is not as beneficial for host nations from the emerging or developing world as claimed. The research will be theoretically based on the perspective of neoliberalism in relation to the IR concept of Globalization. Key Words Sport, International Relations, Globalization, Neoliberalism, Mega Sporting Events, FIFA, World Cup, Development / GR 2017