This experiment compares the implications of two methods of measuring viral particles, specifically Influenza particles in human cell lines in vitro. These strategies include plaque assays and xCELLigence screening. Plaque assays, also known as reduction assays, are plates that are overlaid with semi-solid medium that limits the spread of the virus and shows where each particle is located based on the "plaque" or empty space on the plates where cells have died and been removed. xCELLigence screening is a newer program that checks for "impedance", an artificial number that will measure the cells killed by virus as well as cell to cell interaction on a 96 well plate that utilizes gold microelectrodes. Both methods have variables that can make them useful in certain situations, however, the focus is on how reliable the xCELLigence program is in comparison to more traditional methods of quantifying viral particles.

Adhesion of hematopoietic cells to the bone marrow microenvironment is important for their proper development. It is proven that Src-family kinases (SFK) regulate cell adhesion, although their exact role in the regulation of adhesion signaling remains unclear. Since adhesion processes are investigated mainly in adherent cell types, far less is known about hematopoietic cells. However, defects in the cell adhesion accompany a number of hematological diseases, like chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML). SFK overexpression is one of the proposed mechanisms of resistance to the first-line CML treatment, imatinib mesylate. Second generation drugs (e. g. dasatinib) inhibit SFK together with Bcr-Abl. Additionally, SFK-specific inhibitors (PP2, Src inhibitor-1) are also available, but there are no studies about effects of these drugs on cellular adhesivity of hematopoietic precursors. To explore the dynamics of hematopoietic cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix, we introduced a new approach using the RTCA xCELLigence DP system along with the well-established method of fluorimetric detection of adherent cell fraction. Our general observation is that various drugs (dasatinib, imatinib, PP2, Src inhibitor-1) induce pro-adhesive effects in several leukemic cell lines. Direct comparison of the kinetics of...

[ES] Las biopelículas bacterianas y fúngicas contribuyen enormemente a la persistencia de muchas infecciones graves y potencialmente mortales, las cuales anualmente provocan millones de defunciones. Además, estas bacterias y hongos que crecen adheridas formando biopelículas son hasta 1.000 veces más resistentes a los tratamientos antimicrobianos convencionales, generando una carga económica significativa y dificultando su diagnóstico y tratamiento. Por tanto, es necesario buscar nuevas herramientas fiables para estudiar la dinámica de formación de biopelículas con el fin de mejorar las estrategias de tratamiento.El objetivo general de la tesis doctoral es la puesta a punto de un sistema basado en medidas de impedancia eléctrica para el estudio de la formación y dinámica de crecimiento de las biopelículas bacterianas (gram-positivas y gram-negativas) y fúngicas, así como de biopelículas complejas multi-especie como las de la placa dental subgingival de muestras periodontales humanas. Tras la puesta a punto del sistema, los objetivos específicos de la tesis doctoral son su aplicación como herramienta en la identificación de tratamientos efectivos contra biopelículas persistentes, la búsqueda de nuevos compuestos antimicrobianos con actividad anti-biofilm, así como la evaluación de novedosas nanopartículas autopropulsadas para la erradicación de biofilms multirresistentes. Finalmente, se ha evaluado su aplicación clínica directa en la selección de la terapia antibiótica para el tratamiento personalizado de pacientes con enfermedad periodontal. / [CA] Les biopelícules bacterianes i fúngiques contribueixen en gran manera a la persistència de moltes infecciones greus i potencialment mortals les quals provoquen anualment milions de morts. A més, estes bactèries i fongs que creixen adherides en forma de biopelícules son fins a 1000 vegades més resistents als tractaments antimicrobians convencionals, generant una càrrega econòmica significativa i dificultant el diagnòstic i tractament. Per això, es necessari trobar noves eines fiables per a estudiar la dinàmica de formació de biopelícules amb l'objectiu de millorar les estratègies de tractament. El objectiu general de la tesis doctoral es la posta a punt de un sistema basat en mesures d'impedància elèctrica per al estudi de la formació i dinàmica de creixement de les biopelícules bacterianes (gram-positives i gram-negatives) i fúngiques, així com de biopelícules complexes mutiespècie com les de la placa dental subgingival de mostres periodontals humanes. Una vegada posat a punt el sistema, els objectius específics de la tesis doctoral son la aplicació com a eina de la identificació de tractaments efectius contra biopelícules persistents, la recerca de nous compostos antimicrobians amb activitat antibiopelícula, així com la avaluació de noves nanopartícules autopropulsades per a l'eliminació de biofilms multiresistents. Finalment, s'ha avaluat l'aplicació clínica directa en la selecció de la teràpia antibiòtica per al tractament personalitzat de pacients amb periodontitis. / [EN] Bacterial and fungal biofilms contribute enormously to the persistence of many life-threatening infections, causing millions of deaths annually. In addition, bacteria and fungi growing as biofilms are up to 1.000 times more resistant to conventional antimicrobial treatments, resulting in a significant economic burden and challenging diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, there is a need to search for new reliable tools to study biofilm formation dynamics to improve treatment strategies. This doctoral thesis aims to set up an impedance-based system to study biofilm formation and dynamics of bacterial (gram-positive and gram-negative) and fungal species, as well as complex multi-species biofilms such as subgingival plaque collected from patients with chronic periodontitis. After the impedance system is set up, the specific objectives of the doctoral thesis are its application as a tool in the identification of effective treatment against persistent biofilms, testing new antimicrobial and anti-biofilm compounds, and the evaluation of novel self-propelled nanoparticles on the eradication of multi-resistant S. aureus biofilms. Finally, a clinical application of the impedance system is proposed, aiming at determining the best individual antibiotic therapy in dental clinics (personalized use of antibiotics). / Work performed at Genomics & Health Department at FISABIO Foundation and described in this doctoral thesis was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities scholarship FPU17/01302 to Miglė Žiemytė and a grant RTI2018-102032-B-I00 to Alex Mira Obrador. / Ziemyte, M. (2023). Towards Personalized Medicine in Antibiotic Treatment: Development of a Real-Time Cell Analysis System for Biofilm Studies [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/195434

The thesis deals with the natural substances in context with the cancer disease. The natural substances have a positive effect on the human organism and they are able to influence the viability and the growth of the cancer cells. The main mechanical device is to influence the mechanisms needed to start the apoptosis of the cancer cells and stopping further proliferation. The cancer cell lines utilization in the cancer disease is discussed in the thesis too. The thesis states common methods of determining the natural substances cytotoxicity. For the experimental part of the thesis it was chosen the MTT test method and the xCELLigence system for monitoring in real time. The mechanical device of the tested substance capsaicin in application on the prostate cell lines, tumorous PC3 and nontumorous PNT1A influence will be observed within the experimental part of the thesis.