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Although research in the past two decades has provided information about the distribution and determinants of child maltreatment, as well as associated impairment in mental and physical health, little is known about the social functioning of maltreated youth during the transition to adulthood. As well, methodological challenges in conducting child maltreatment research, such as ethical and legal barriers to asking youth about such exposure has limited the advancement of new knowledge in this field. This thesis investigated three key areas in the child maltreatment field. The first paper explored the psychometric properties of a self-report measure of child maltreatment (Childhood Experiences of Violence Questionnaire Short Form: CEVQ-SF). The second paper examined the possible association between exposure to child physical and sexual abuse and labour force outcomes among young adults using a community-based sample (Ontario Child Health Study: OCHS). The third paper considered an important methodologic question that commonly is raised when considering the relevance of cross-sectional versus longitudinal designs in child maltreatment research - the robustness of associations between exposure to child maltreatment and adult health outcomes, depending on design. Results of this thesis showed that: 1) the CEVQ-SF is a reliable and valid approach to measuring child physical and sexual abuse; results were comparable iii PhD Thesis M. Tanaka, McMaster - Health Research Methodology to the validated original version, 2) in the OCHS sample, there was a significant association between child abuse with personal income; these associations were not fully explained by childhood variables, current mental and physical health, and educational attainment, 3) the estimates of the association between child maltreatment and adult health outcomes did not systematically differ by study design, and furthermore, the timing of measuring self-report of child maltreatment and adult outcomes did not systematically influence the magnitude of these associations within the cohort. The research conducted for this thesis provides further support for a possible link between child maltreatment and reduced economic productivity and identifies a potential new mechanism. Results also suggest that the impact of child maltreatment on adult emotional and behavioural outcomes is independent of study design, but there is still the need for a universal definition and standard approaches to measuring child maltreatment in exploring this finding / Thesis / Candidate in Philosophy

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2001. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 94-104).

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Note: / The present research examined incidents of social stress in the lives of young adults. The goal was to determine the role that friendships might play when young adults engage in social support and conflict resolution to deal with such stress. Three studies examined young adults' friendships in terms of how they fulfill various functions or provide interpersonal resources. Study 1 established that social stressors were common, that a variety of stressful transactions with peers were upsetting to young adults, and that young adults tended to use more approach than avoidance coping. Effective coping in response to social stress was related to perceptions of support from a friend, particularly if young adults felt that their friend was an enjoyable companion and was reliable.[...] / La présente étude examinait la fréquence de stress social dans la vie de jeunes adultes. Le but était de déterminer le rôle que peut jouer l'amitié lorsque de jeunes adultes sont en situation de soutien social ou de résolution de conflits pour faire face a ces stress. Trois études examinent comment les amitiés de jeunes adultes remplissent différentes fonctions ou apportent du soutien interpersonnel. Étude 1 établie la fréquence de stress social, que plusieurs transactions stressantes avec leurs paires étaient bouleversantes pour les jeunes adultes, et que les jeunes adultes avaient plutôt tendances a utiliser des techniques d'approche que d'évitement afin de résoudre ces stress. L'utilité de stratégies de négociation efficaces étaient associées a la perception de soutien d'une amie, surtout si les jeunes adultes croyaient que leur amie était une campagne plaisante et fiable.[...]

Thesis(M.S.)--Auburn University, 2006. / Abstract. Includes bibliographic references (p.38-41).

Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Montana, 2008. / Title from author supplied metadata. Description based on contents viewed on June 26, 2009. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2008. / Title from first page of PDF file. Includes bibliographical references (p. 168-178).

Thesis (M.A.)--Trinity Evangelical Divinity School, 1994. / Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 92-98).

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