林健發. / 據手稿本影印. / Thesis (M.A.)--香港中文大學硏究院歷史學部. / Ju shou gao ben ying yin. / Lin Jianfa. / Thesis (M.A.)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue yan jiu yuan li shi xue bu. / Chapter 一 --- 緒言 / Chapter 二 --- 書院的起源與清初之發展 --- p.1 / Chapter (1) --- 書院的起源 / Chapter (2) --- 清初之發展 --- p.13 / Chapter 三 --- 雲南省書院的建置沿革 --- p.105 / Chapter 四 --- 規模與結構 --- p.163 / Chapter 甲 --- 書院之組織 --- p.166 / Chapter 乙 --- 山長之聘請、資格、待遇、職責與任期 --- p.184 / Chapter 丙 --- 生徒之資格、等級與待遇 --- p.218 / Chapter 丁 --- 教學內容與條規 --- p.250 / Chapter 戊 --- 經濟基礎 --- p.268 / Chapter 己 --- 建築 --- p.300 / Chapter 庚 --- 藏書 --- p.320 / Chapter 五 --- 書院的功能 --- p.406 / Chapter 六 --- 結論 --- p.524

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

Le Tibet est le plateau le plus élevé et le plus étendu au monde. La formation de ce plateau, en arrière de l’Himalaya, résulte d’interactions complexes entre facteurs tectoniques et climatiques, ainsi que de la morphologie antérieure au soulèvement. Afin d’évaluer l’influence relative de ces différents facteurs, cette thèse s’appuie sur l’étude de l’évolution du relief des bordures du plateau en couplant analyse géomorphologique, étude de la sédimentation syn-formation du plateau et reconstitution de l’exhumation à partir de la thermochronologie de basse température.Cette approche a permis de mettre en évidence que le plateau du Tibet était déjà haut, aussi bien sur ses bordures est que ouest dès 35 Ma, soit seulement 20 Ma après la collision Inde-Asie. Il apparait donc que le plateau se serait soulevé soit en un bloc, soit de façon précoce par ses marges Ouest et Est, plutôt qu’en se propageant du sud vers le nord et vers l’est comme proposé par de nombreux modèles.Dans l’Ouest Tibet, l’existence d’un réseau de drainage anciennement connecté avec celui de l’Indus, a permis le développement précoce d’un relief significatif (supérieur à 1000 m) avant 35 Ma lors de la surrection du plateau. Ce relief est ensuite préservé dans un contexte d’érosion très faible (quelques dizaine de mètres par million d’années) associé à une évacuation des produits d’érosion vers le bassin de l’Indus. Cette connexion avec l’Indus est ensuite coupée probablement suite aux mouvements de la faille du Karakorum.A l’Est, la formation du relief est probablement plus ancienne que dans l’Ouest Tibet, car vers 35 Ma cette région, bien que déjà surélevée, est caractérisée par l’existence d’un vaste réseau fluviatile en tresse, impliquant une faible pente, ainsi qu’un relief local soumis à des précipitations plus au nord. La création du relief actuel, marqué par des rivières fortement encaissées, est probablement liée à l’évolution de la mousson sud-est asiatique ainsi qu’au fonctionnement de la faille du Fleuve rouge. / Tibet is the widest and highest plateau on Earth. Tectonics, climate evolution and ante-surrection geomorphology are the main factors controlling the plateau formation. In order to assess the relative influence of these factors, we study the relief evolution on the plateau edges using geomorphic analysis, sedimentology and exhumation rates based on low-temperature thermochronometry.The results show that the western and eastern plateau edges were already at high elevation at ca 35 Ma, only 20 Ma after the India-Asia collision. This favors an “en bloc” uplift model for the plateau.In western Tibet, the hydrographic network was connected to the Indus river, allowing the early development of a >1000 m amplitude relief, probably before 35 Ma. The relief was preserved due to low erosion conditions. Western Tibet was then isolated from the Indus drainage network due to the Karakorum fault slip.The relief formation in Eastern Tibet is older than in western Tibet: at ca 35 Ma, in the Jianchuan area (northern Yunnan), which was already at high elevation, was a large braided river system. This implies a moderate regional slope. It also implies a local relief further north and significant precipitations.

Sustainable agriculture in China is highly threatened by rapid urbanization, land degradation and high population pressure. Yunnan Province, south-west China, is 94% mountainous and lacks flat land. Food shortages and inappropriate cultivation have led to intensive cultivation of steep, marginal and fragile land and have increased soil erosion. To curb this situation and assist with poverty alleviation, it is crucial to develop more productive and sustainable cropping systems. An experiment was conducted on sloping areas from 1999 to 2001 in Wang Jia Catchment, Yunnan Province. The project aim was to evaluate the effects of five selected cultivation practices on maize productivity and soil properties. The treatments were: (1) downslope cultivation without mulch, (2) contour cultivation without mulch, (3) contour cultivation with polythene mulch, (4) contour cultivation with polythene and wheat straw mulch (Integrated Contour with Plastic and Straw Mulch Treatment, INCOPLAST) and (5) contour cultivation with polythene mulch and intercropping, wide and narrow row spacing, with soybean in wide row spacing. Crop growth parameters and soil physical properties were measured throughout the cropping seasons. Considering three years data, contour cultivation with polythene mulch generally increased soil temperature by a mean of 1-2°C. The polythene retained considerably more soil moisture during dry weather. However, during wet weather, polythene prevented rainfall directly falling on the soil, which led to less soil moisture content. The soil temperature and moisture regimes under polythene mulch made plants grow faster and canopies develop well, leading to higher final yields. The benefit of polythene was 33-54% more yield than downslope cultivation without mulch treatment, over three seasons. Contour cultivation plus polythene and straw mulch retained significantly higher soil moisture levels. The yield of this treatment in 1999 was ranked second, but in 2000 it had the highest yield and in 2001 it was also more effective than contour cultivation with polythene mulch treatment. Contour cultivation with polythene mulch and intercropping improved maize yield. The soybean harvest also contributed to net income, the crop had a similar function to straw mulch and increased N availability. Contour cultivation increased yields over the range 7.2-11.2% over three seasons compared with downslope cultivation, equivalent to ~500-1000 kg per hectare more grain produced. There were few clear trends in soil properties over the 1999-2001 period. However, N concentrations increased in the contour cultivation with polythene mulch and intercropping treatment. Both contour cultivation with polythene and straw mulch and contour cultivation with polythene mulch and intercropping gave apparent increases in total K, probably resulting from both decayed straw and decomposed soybean leaves. In terms of simple cost-benefit evaluation, downslope cultivation had the lowest input and output, while contour cultivation had a similar input, but a higher output. Contour cultivation with polythene had the highest net return. Contour cultivation with polythene and straw had a high output but did not give a higher net return than contour cultivation with polythene. Contour cultivation with polythene mulch and intercropping generally had the highest input and output and could give a higher net return than contour cultivation with polythene when the soybean harvest was successful, but over three years this treatment had the greatest risk from crop failure. It is recommended that replacing downslope cultivation with contour cultivation can increase crop yields and this simple action could contribute to the development of more sustainable cropping systems in Yunnan. Polythene mulch achieved higher maize yields but its environmental impact requires further study. It is considered that contour cultivation with polythene and straw mulch or soybean intercropping could contribute towards more productive and sustainable cropping systems where soil conservation is high priority. The technique could assist with long-term soil, water and nutrient conservation and improved crop productivity.

This study develops a basis for a land information system for the 40 ha subtropical highland catchment of Wang Jia, Yunnan Province, China. Information, including meteorology, geology, geomorphology, biology, pedology and crop productivity, was integrated using a geomorphopedological approach and expressed as maps using GIS. The developed protocol is proposed as a generic system, applicable to agricultural land evaluation in subtropical highland catchments. The results demonstrate that Wang Jia Catchment is relatively representative of the region, in terms of geomorphological features and land cover. Catchment soils, developed from residual, colluvial and alluvial materials of sandstone, shale and dolomite on different landscapes, were still young and strongly influenced by their geological parent material. Soils were normally slightly acidic to neutral. Soil fertility varied from poor to very fertile. Maize yield was significantly correlated with soil pH, total N, available N, P and K and thus the Soil Fertility Index. In 2002, maize yield was significantly correlated with manure and urea applications. There was considerable potential to increase maize yield with modified and innovative cropping practices in the catchment. Adopted primarily as a soil conservation practice, contour cultivation did not increase maize yield compared to downslope cultivation. Polythene mulch tended to increase maize yield in most years. These results largely accord with the results from controlled research plots in the same catchment. Analysis of intra-plot variations showed that soil samples from planting pits had higher total soil organic matter, total N, available N, available P and available K than inter-row samples, but with higher standard deviations. Most soil fertility parameters for inter-row samples were more similar to traditional random composite samples. These results suggest if composite samples were taken only from inter-rows, the results would have been similar, but the risk of sampling error would have been reduced. The land information system established in this study is suitable for designing, evaluating and monitoring sustainable agricultural practices central to soil conservation and crop yield improvement and thus contributing to decision-making for sustainable agricultural land management in this region.

No description available.

論文(哲學博士)--香港中文大學, 2002. / 參考文獻 (p. 341-355). / 中英文摘要. / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, MI : ProQuest Information and Learning Company, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / Zhong Ying wen zhai yao. / Lun wen (Zhe xue bo shi)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 2002. / Can kao wen xian (p. 341-355).

Lin, Hualiang. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2011. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 140-177). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstract also in Chinese.

楊曉勛. / 本論文於1997年9月呈交. / 論文(博士)--香港中文大學音樂學部, 1998. / 參考文獻: p. 109-113. / 中英文摘要. / Ben lun wen yu 1997 nian 9 yue cheng jiao. / Available also through the Internet via Dissertations & theses @ Chinese University of Hong Kong. / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / Yang Xiaoxun. / Lun wen (Bo shi)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue yin yue xue bu, 1998. / Can kao wen xian: p. 109-113. / Zhong Ying wen zhai yao.

This study examines how People's Daily portrayed tourism and minorities in its news coverage. The study includes both quantitative and qualitative components. The objective of the quantitative section is to determine in what contexts tourism appears in news reporting and whether the presence of these contexts has changed since the 1999 World Horticultural Exposition in Kunming. The objective of the qualitative section was to determine how the image of minorities is constructed in some of the identified media contexts and to what extent and in what ways the news reporting can be considered to have been stereotyped. The theoretical framework is based on critical discourse theory approaches. The results of the quantitative analysis showed that tourism appears in eight different media contexts, with the economic link being by far the most common. The results of the quantitative analysis also indicate that tourism reporting increased after the 1999 World Horticultural Exposition, but a strong correlation could not be established. The results of the qualitative analysis indicate that news coverage may be influenced to some extent by minority stereotypes.