The current thesis aims to analyze the approaches to the definition of emergency zones in Russia and the Czech Republic. The main goal is to conduct a literature search on this issue and describe different approaches to emergency zones. The practical part includes an assessment of the definition of emergency zones in the case of hazardous chemicals leakage, which is most often the cause of industrial accidents.

This diploma thesis is focused on realisation of the application, that process and display measured data from OTDR device. The first section describes optical fibers, transmission characteristics of fibers and measurement methods of the attenuation on optical path. The second section describes the principle of the OTDR method and measured events on optical path. Final part is dedicated to realisation of the appication by the assignment.

Avian contact zones were suggested to act as barriers to parasite expansions. I studied haemosporidian parasites (genera Plasmodium, Haemoproteus, and Leucocytozoon) of two Nightingale species which meet in a contact zone in Europe. In total 20 lineages of parasites were detected. Surprisingly, all common lineages were shared by the two host species. The parasite prevalence vary between species (Trush Nightingales were more often parasitized than Common Nightingales.) but did not vary to a large extent within zones inside species Parasitemia of the most frequent Haemoproteus LULU1 lineage assessed by Real-Time PCR method did not differ significantly between the two host species. Six out of nine hybrids of the nightingale species were parasitized. Haemosporidian lineages found in hybrids were also frequent in the parental species. In conclusion, the nightingale contact zone seems to have only little (if any) effect on the distribution of haemosporidian parasites.

The dissertation deals with value added tax fraud on the fuel market in the Czech Republic. This commodity is used in carousel fraud. In the chains of taxpayers there are missing traders who fail to meet their tax obligations. Their business strategy is based on quick sales at unusually low prices which do not allow honest parties to compete. Therefore, the Czech Republic in the year 2010 asked the European Commission about the possibility of introducing a reverse charge for fuel. The request was rejected. The aim of the dissertation is to create a methodological tool for the early identification of potential tax fraud on value added tax. Another goal is to propose solutions that can effectively help reduce fraud on a selected commodity market. The theoretical part presents the approaches of authors dealing with economic crime, judicature of courts and expert reports. On the basis of this knowledge an area in which it is possible to propose solutions to the problem was defined. The goals are met in several stages. First, by analysing market various entities involved in fuel trading are characterized. Information about trading practices is derived from interviews and a survey carried out on a sample of distributors and petrol station operators. The last stage is collection of information about available prices which are further processed. On the basis of the results obtained risk characteristics of potential tax fraudsters are given. After evaluation of price databases a methodology was created that allows determining the usual price and measuring risk zones. As the introduction of the methodology is related to legislative changes, these changes are subsequently defined. Finally, recommendations are formulated for effective use of the methodology as a tool to reduce tax fraud.

The main purpose of this diploma thesis was to determine whether the deformation zone, which arises above intact mining workings in soils, has a measurable gravity effect and influences the interpretation of gravity measurements. The railway tunnel in Březno u Chomutova has been chosen as a test site. We have progressed so that the geotechnical model of the geological environment above the tunnel was calculated first. The model was constructed on the base of two core wells, which were drilled near the tunnel especially for this purpose. The geotechnical model of deformation zone was converted into a density model and its gravity response was calculated. This model was compared with the gravity effect of the tunnel in rock environment without any deformation zone. The difference between effects of these two models gives the gravity response of the deformation zone. We found out that the gravity effect of the deformation zone is insignificant and does not affect the gravity interpretation in the environment of stiff tertiary clays, where the Březno tunnel is excavated. We compared the results of our modeling with the field gravimetric measurements results above the tunnel in Březno. The measurement was realized on three parallel profiles, which reach the tunnel in various depths. The results of...

6 ABSTRACT Bird song is a sexually selected trait that is crucial for mate choice and for maintenance of pre-mating reproductive barriers. Secondary contact of closely related and partially reproductively isolated song bird species may result in changes in their songs; these can either diverge and strengthen the reproductive barrier between the two species, or converge and contribute to mixing of their gene pools. The Thrush Nightingale (Luscinia luscinia) and its congener Common Nightingale (L. megarhynchos) may serve as model species suitable for studying these phenomena. In their secondary contact zone, an interspecific hybridization has been documented, as well as convergence of songs of Thrush Nightingales caused by copying of heterospecific songs. Such copying may be a result of erroneous learning of species- specific songs or by genetic introgression. We tested these hypotheses by simultaneous analyses of DNA and song recordings of both species from allopatry (Czech Republic and northeastern Poland) and sympatry (central Poland). Comparisons between our recordings and a catalogue of songs recorded in a Common Nightingale population from allopatry (Germany) confirmed that most of Thrush Nightingale males from the sympatric region were 'mixed singers' that use Common Nightingale phrases in their...

1 Abstract The diploma thesis deals with the establishment of a settlement zone in the Russian Empire. This is an interesting topic, because there was no such thing in other states. It is difficult to compare the Pale of settlement with the ghettos that existed in Europe. The first chapter describes the origin of Pale of settlement itself. The second chapter discuss the general definition of Pale of settlement and the issue of translation of this term into the Czech language. The third chapter focuses on the historical context, the main emphasis is put on the legislation in Russia that was enacted in relation to Jews. It is also very important to mention the attitude to Jews of each tsar and official, because then their attitude was reflected in the laws. The last chapter presents an attempt to formulate the causes of Pale of settlement. The work is based mainly on contemporary literature and contemporary legislative activity, which gives the opportunity to best understand the attitude of the Russian government to the Jews of the Russian Empire. As a result, it can be assumed that Anti-Judaism, which went through its own age development, but from the beginning played only a small role, was very widespread in Russia. Therefore, it had little effect on the establishment of Pale of settlement. The main reason...

The sense of the diploma paper is to make a new entrance - green belt - for the paper factory - WANEMI. There is the exhibition pavillion and the administration building situated in the green belt. The main point of the diploma is the exhibition pavillion. The project is based on the basic principle of ekological architecture like - demounting, using of the waste water and using of the waste warm air. The elementary pavillions´ shape reminds of a paper folder. There are another small exhibitions and constructions in the park. Everything is united by shape and material. The park is the cultural area for sport and education.

The thesis describes a design of the office building of Wanemi a.s. company in Zábřeh na Moravě. The company intends to build an ecological paper mill in the city. The office building is located at the „green“ entrance zone of the manufacturing facility. The building is designed in accordance with the requirements of energy–efficient buildings and the philosophy of the company – People and nature. The „green“ entrance zone that includes a placement of individual objects (office building, presentation pavilion, info center) has been solved as a pre-diploma thesis.

Revitalization of public spaces of the former Tomáš Baťa's factory in Zlin, which is going to become a part of the city. Introducting the human scale between the industrial buildings by installing urban elements, street furniture and greenery. The design works with the former factory like a new city center.