White shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) were cultured in isolated environment using zero-water exchange to investigate optimum cultivation method. Except density experiment, culture density was 100 shrimps/m2 in all other experiments. The results indicated that simple quarantine facility could prevent virus infection of pond shrimps. After 83 days of cultivation, survival rate, final weight, yield and growth rate (90.7%, 16.8 g, 1.52 kg/m2, 1.36 g/week) of zero-water exchange group was not significantly different from those of water exchange group, but FCR was lower (p<0.05) instead. Addition of brown sugar increased final weight and growth rate of shrimp and lowered FCR (18.6 g, 1.60 kg/m2, 1.64 ¡Ó 0.04) (p<0.05), but nitrification was inhibited. Application of two mats per tank gave highest increases in final weight and yield and lowest FCR (p<0.05). Bottom sand increased final weight and yield and lowered FCR (p<0.05), stabilized pH and increased de-nitrification efficiency. Salinity of 25 ppt had highest final weight and yield and lowest FCR (p<0.05). Density of 200 shrimps/m2 had highest final weight and lowest FCR (p<0.05) and yield twice as that of density of 100 shrimps/m2. At the end of cultivation, water quality condition between 37% and 32% protein feed were not significantly different. But, the shrimps of 37% protein feed had higher final weight, lower FCR (p<0.05) and 26% more yield. The above results indicated that the risk of shrimps infected by virus could be prevented using zero-water exchange culture method. As long as solid was held suspending by sufficient agitating, good water quality could be maintained. Hence, zero-water exchange culture could not only decrease electricity of water pump and quantity of water use, but also increase the value of product and incorporation efficiency of feeds.

BORGES, David Araújo. Utilização de cepas de bactérias no cultivo intensivo de tilápia Oreochromis niloticus, sob sistema de renovação zero água. 2006. 50 f. : Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federalç do Ceará, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Departamento de Engenharia de Pesca, Fortaleza-CE, 2006 / Submitted by Nádja Goes (nmoraissoares@gmail.com) on 2016-07-12T13:03:29Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2006_dis_daborges.pdf: 228199 bytes, checksum: 33b54c2614fad5363ad43ae8d399c8d4 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Nádja Goes (nmoraissoares@gmail.com) on 2016-07-12T13:04:07Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2006_dis_daborges.pdf: 228199 bytes, checksum: 33b54c2614fad5363ad43ae8d399c8d4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-12T13:04:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2006_dis_daborges.pdf: 228199 bytes, checksum: 33b54c2614fad5363ad43ae8d399c8d4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Control of water quality in intensive fish culture systems is offten the bottleneck for their successful operation. The most comon problems of water quality in those systems are related to oxigen depletion, organic matter and inorganic nitrogen accumulation, particularly ammonia. Bioaugmentation refers to the treatment of wastes or detrits using microorganisms, as an exemple nitrifing bacterias, which degradate undisareble substances in the system. The employment of bioaugmentation is becoming an option for recirculating fish cultures. Sugested benefits goes from inorganic nitrogen, phosfate and organic matter removal, to algae control in fish culture water. The aim of this experimental was to compare the intensive culture of tilapia Oreochromis niloticus with zero exchage water with and without biocultures introduction. The experiment consisted of 6 aquariums of 180L and nominal volume of 160L, separeted in two diferent treatments “A” and “Ex”; the first one the control grup and the second one the test. Those aquariums were stocked with juvenils of tilapia weiting 26,20 + 0,20g, and fed with 35%CP. During 35 days of culture none water have been chaged in the system Three times a week biocultures were introduced only on treatment “Ex”. Daily some físico – chemical parameters were collected like: pH, temperature and dissolved oxigen; and every week BOD,COD, total ammonia, nitite, nitrate, phosfate and chlorophyll “a” were analized from “A” and “Ex” treatments. For the experimental evaluation, besides those forementioned parameters, nitrogen budget, and some zootecnical index like: growth rate, food conversion rate and survival were utilized. Although “Ex” treatment has shown better results than “A” treatment, after a statistical analises we concluded that there were no diference between those two treatments / O controle da qualidade da água em sistemas intensivo de cultivo de peixes é, via de regra, um dos pontos críticos para o sucesso do supracitado sistema. Os problemas mais comuns de qualidade de água nos sistemas em questão estão relacionados com depleção do oxigênio dissolvido, acúmulo de matéria orgânica e nitrogênio inorgânico, particularmente amônia. Bioremediadores ou bioincrementação refere-se ao tratamento de poluentes ou detritos com o uso de microorganismos, como por exemplo, bactérias nitrificantes, as quais degradam as substâncias indesejadas no sistema. A utilização desta biorremediação vem sendo gradualmente aplicada em sistemas de recirculação. Os benefícios sugeridos vão desde a remoção de nitrogênio inorgânico, fosfato e matéria orgânica, a controle algal da água dos cultivos. O presente trabalho teve o objetivo de comparar o cultivo intensivo da tilápia Oreochromis niloticus, sob sistema de renovação zero de água, com e sem inóculo de cepas de bactérias. No experimento foram utilizados um total de 6 aquários com capacidade de 180L e volume nominal de 160L, divididos em dois tratamentos “A” (grupo controle) e “Ex” (grupo com inóculo bacteriano), neste ultimo sendo realizado 3 inoculações semanais de bactérias,em dias alternados. Os aquários foram povoados com juvenis de tilápia com peso médio de 26,20 + 0,20 g, tendo sido os mesmos alimentados, diariamente, com ração com 35% de PB. Durante os 35 dias de cultivo diariamente foram registrados valores de pH, temperatura e oxigênio dissolvido. Semanalmente foram realizadas análises de DBO, DQO, amônia total, nitrito, nitrato, ortofosfato e clorofila “a”. Para a análise do experimento, além dos parâmetros supracitados, foi utilizado um balanço de massa do nitrogênio e análise de índices zootécnicos como: crescimento dos indivíduos, fator de conversão alimentar e sobrevivência. Embora o tratamento “Ex” tenha apresentado melhores resultados nos parâmetros físico-químicos, no balanço de massa do nitrogênio e nos índices zootécnicos, não foi verificada diferença estatística entre os tratamentos “A” e “Ex”, a um nível de significância de 5%.

CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / O controle da qualidade da Ãgua em sistemas intensivo de cultivo de peixes Ã, via de regra, um dos pontos crÃticos para o sucesso do supracitado sistema. Os problemas mais comuns de qualidade de Ãgua nos sistemas em questÃo estÃo relacionados com depleÃÃo do oxigÃnio dissolvido, acÃmulo de matÃria orgÃnica e nitrogÃnio inorgÃnico, particularmente amÃnia. Bioremediadores ou bioincrementaÃÃo refere-se ao tratamento de poluentes ou detritos com o uso de microorganismos, como por exemplo, bactÃrias nitrificantes, as quais degradam as substÃncias indesejadas no sistema. A utilizaÃÃo desta biorremediaÃÃo vem sendo gradualmente aplicada em sistemas de recirculaÃÃo. Os benefÃcios sugeridos vÃo desde a remoÃÃo de nitrogÃnio inorgÃnico, fosfato e matÃria orgÃnica, a controle algal da Ãgua dos cultivos. O presente trabalho teve o objetivo de comparar o cultivo intensivo da tilÃpia Oreochromis niloticus, sob sistema de renovaÃÃo zero de Ãgua, com e sem inÃculo de cepas de bactÃrias. No experimento foram utilizados um total de 6 aquÃrios com capacidade de 180L e volume nominal de 160L, divididos em dois tratamentos âAâ (grupo controle) e âExâ (grupo com inÃculo bacteriano), neste ultimo sendo realizado 3 inoculaÃÃes semanais de bactÃrias,em dias alternados. Os aquÃrios foram povoados com juvenis de tilÃpia com peso mÃdio de 26,20 + 0,20 g, tendo sido os mesmos alimentados, diariamente, com raÃÃo com 35% de PB. Durante os 35 dias de cultivo diariamente foram registrados valores de pH, temperatura e oxigÃnio dissolvido. Semanalmente foram realizadas anÃlises de DBO, DQO, amÃnia total, nitrito, nitrato, ortofosfato e clorofila âaâ. Para a anÃlise do experimento, alÃm dos parÃmetros supracitados, foi utilizado um balanÃo de massa do nitrogÃnio e anÃlise de Ãndices zootÃcnicos como: crescimento dos indivÃduos, fator de conversÃo alimentar e sobrevivÃncia. Embora o tratamento âExâ tenha apresentado melhores resultados nos parÃmetros fÃsico-quÃmicos, no balanÃo de massa do nitrogÃnio e nos Ãndices zootÃcnicos, nÃo foi verificada diferenÃa estatÃstica entre os tratamentos âAâ e âExâ, a um nÃvel de significÃncia de 5%. / Control of water quality in intensive fish culture systems is offten the bottleneck for their successful operation. The most comon problems of water quality in those systems are related to oxigen depletion, organic matter and inorganic nitrogen accumulation, particularly ammonia. Bioaugmentation refers to the treatment of wastes or detrits using microorganisms, as an exemple nitrifing bacterias, which degradate undisareble substances in the system. The employment of bioaugmentation is becoming an option for recirculating fish cultures. Sugested benefits goes from inorganic nitrogen, phosfate and organic matter removal, to algae control in fish culture water. The aim of this experimental was to compare the intensive culture of tilapia Oreochromis niloticus with zero exchage water with and without biocultures introduction. The experiment consisted of 6 aquariums of 180L and nominal volume of 160L, separeted in two diferent treatments âAâ and âExâ; the first one the control grup and the second one the test. Those aquariums were stocked with juvenils of tilapia weiting 26,20 + 0,20g, and fed with 35%CP. During 35 days of culture none water have been chaged in the system Three times a week biocultures were introduced only on treatment âExâ. Daily some fÃsico â chemical parameters were collected like: pH, temperature and dissolved oxigen; and every week BOD,COD, total ammonia, nitite, nitrate, phosfate and chlorophyll âaâ were analized from âAâ and âExâ treatments. For the experimental evaluation, besides those forementioned parameters, nitrogen budget, and some zootecnical index like: growth rate, food conversion rate and survival were utilized. Although âExâ treatment has shown better results than âAâ treatment, after a statistical analises we concluded that there were no diference between those two treatments