本研究之目的在探討公營事業民營化時,公營企業價值決定的相關問題及其價值衡量的合理性。在民營化過程中,媒體及社會大眾所關注的焦點之一為:公開募股的價格是否過低?釋股對象是否公平合理?其中,若釋股價格過低,亦即,是否有以公眾利益補貼特定人士之可能性?或是否有賤黃國家財產之虞?這些問題均與企業價值的決定有關。從另一角度來看,若民營化釋股對象公平合理,價值低估便可以貼補一般民眾,還產於民。
本研究標的包括至85年12月31日上已經完成民營化之公營事業:中國產物保險公司、中國石油化學公司、中華工程公司、中國鋼鐵公司、陽明海運等五家公司,蒐集各次公股釋出後至500個交易日之日股價資料及各年度之財務報表。由於資料搜集之限制,本研究以78年6月至85年12月31日為日股價搜集之起迄點。因此,樣本中未包含中鋼之初次上市及少數樣本無法以500個交易日為觀察期。為便於比較,本研究亦選取配對樣本。在配對樣本方面,包括相對於觀察樣本所屬年度之新上市股票及現金增資股票。對第一次釋股而言,其配對樣本為新上市股票,而第二次釋股以後者,則採現金增資樣本做為配對樣本。
本研究獲致結論如下:
一、除中工第一次釋股(30個交易日至210日)外,其餘各樣本長期之報酬與市場投資組合之報酬均有明顯差異。
二、由各樣本之異常報酬率、樣本異常報酬率與同年度配對樣本市場平均異常報酬率比較、樣本異常報酬率與特定配對樣本異常報酬率比較等三種方法推論各樣本承銷價合理性,結果如表5-1所示。由表5-1可知:中產第一次、中石化第一、二次、中鋼第二、五、六次,陽明第一、二次釋股承銷價有低估之現象。而中工第二次、中鋼第三、四次釋股承銷價有高估之現象。至於中工第一次、中鋼第一次及陽明第三次釋股承銷價則無法判定是否為高估或低估。
三、股市之多(空)頭時期,並不影響投資人中籤率之高低。亦即,股市多空頭及中籤率為互相獨立,可以分別評估其對股價報酬的影響。特別是投資人的中籤率愈低,代表承銷價低估的可能性愈大。
四、以往各吹公營事業民營化釋股時,可能未將未來經營績效之改變納入承銷價的決定因素。因此,往後公營事業民營化釋股時,民營化企業價值若考量未來經營績效之改變,較能合理地評估民營化當時之企業價值。 / This study aims to assess whether the valuation of state-owned enterprises is reasonable or not. In general, a valuation of firm's value should consider not only the values of physical assets but also future profitability of the firm. This study attempts to apply this concept to answer this research question.
The empirical study investigates the after market performance and changes in profitability of state-owned enterprises subsequent to their IPOs (Initial Public Offerings) or seasoned offerings, including five samples, Chung Kuo Insurance Co., Ltd., China Petroleum Development Co.,Ltd., China Steel Co., Ltd., BES Engineering Co., Ltd., and Yangming Transportation Co., Ltd. The findings can be summarized as follows:
1. Except for the IPO of BES Engineering Co., Ltd., the average of after market performance is significantly different from the average returns of composite market portfolios for all other samples.
2. In terms of after market performance, this study cannot generally conclude whether the offerings of state-owned enterprises are over-estimated or under-estimated.
3. Bull/Bear market is not a factor significantly affecting the percentage of successful lottery for the offerings of state-owned enterprises. However, the lower percentage of successful lottery is, the state-owned enterprise is more probable under-estimated.
4. Since the changes in profitability cannot explain the valuation of state-owned enterprise, this study suggests that the Valuation Committee of state-owned enterprises should take this factor into consideration in order to resolve the issue of over-or under-estimation.
Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:CHENGCHI/B2002002464 |
Creators | 黃超邦 |
Publisher | 國立政治大學 |
Source Sets | National Chengchi University Libraries |
Language | 中文 |
Detected Language | English |
Type | text |
Rights | Copyright © nccu library on behalf of the copyright holders |
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