我國銀行保險起始於一九九○年代，正式發展則於二○○一年金融控股公司法通過之後，期間經過許多金融保險法規的修訂與鬆綁，使得我國銀行保險業務蓬勃發展。時至今日，銀行保險已成為壽險業界最重要之行銷管道。
就市場現況觀之，銀行保險大多採取轉投資保經代公司或簽訂銷售協議模式經營：前者為三方架構之間接模式，亦即銀行透過保險經紀人（或代理人）公司，間接與保險公司進行業務合作；後者為兩方架構之直接模式，亦即銀行直接與保險公司進行業務合作。因應上述市場運作，主管機關雖訂有相關監理法令以資規範，但仍產生下列問題：
1. 銀行銷售保險商品之法律依據為何？
2. 銀行保險業務究竟為銀行或保險公司業務？監理管轄如何劃分？
3. 銀行保險業務發生法律爭議，銀行通路之責任歸屬是否明確？
4. 銀行通路之權責是否與其實質利益相符合？
5. 銀行轉投資保險經紀人或代理人公司是否妥當？
6. 銀行銷售保險商品過程，消費者資訊及隱私權之保護是否產生缺漏？
本文以為，此等法律疑義若無法釐清，將嚴重影響消費者權益、市場發展與監理效率。本文建議主管機關應修訂相關法規，調整現行銀行保險之經營架構、開放銀行得兼營保險經紀人及保險代理人業務、確認銀行職員或理財專員之登錄公司為銀行，以建立權責相符的銀行保險架構。如此方能避免消費爭議，創造消費者、銀行及保險公司三贏之局面。 / Bancassurance was introduced in Taiwan in the 1990s and officially recognized by the regulatory authority after the enactment of the Financial Holding Company Act in 2001. Thanks to a series of regulatory reforms and de-regulation, it grew significantly in business volume. Today, bancassurance is the most important channel for life insurance companies.
In light of market practices, two kinds of business models are currently adopted by banks for their bancassurance business: i.e. investing insurance intermediary companies or signing marketing agreement. The former, a tripartite model, benefits banks indirectly to carry on bancassurance through their insurance intermediary (broker or agent) subsidiaries; the later, a bilateral model, means that banks can enter into an agreement directly with insurance undertakings to sell insurance products.
Responding to the market practices, certain regulations for bancassurance are promulgated by the regulatory authority. However, there still exist some legal issues as obstacles and hurdles against the market, including the legal basis of bancassurance, the allocation of the regulatory jurisdiction, the accountability and responsibility of banks, the appropriateness of bank’s holding an insurance intermediary company, the leakage in the protection of consumers’ interests and privacy in sales and so on. It may result in negative impacts toward the protection of consumer interests, the development of the market, and the effectiveness of the supervision system if the aforesaid can not be clarified.
It is submitted that the regulatory authority shall revise the relevant regulations to adjust operation mechanism in market, let banks operate the same as an insurance broker (or agent), and confirm that bank employee shall register as insurance solicitors of banks. Under such a scenario, banks could be fully responsible as a distribution channel, so that consumption issues could be avoided and an all-wins relation among consumer, bank and insurance company could be achieved.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:CHENGCHI/G0095358003 |
| Creators | 吳佳寧, Wu, Jia-Ning |
| Publisher | 國立政治大學 |
| Source Sets | National Chengchi University Libraries |
| Language | 中文 |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Rights | Copyright © nccu library on behalf of the copyright holders |
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