各國政府經常運用諸如租稅獎勵、補助、低利融資等產業政策工具來促進產業發展，然而部分學者認為政府介入市場運作的結果，可能造成資源配置的扭曲，反而不具經濟效益，故呼籲政府應尊重市場運作機制。以台灣長期運用的租稅獎勵政策為例，有人認為台灣經濟奇蹟的背後，租稅獎勵扮演相當重要的角色，但也有人認為，租稅獎勵造成租稅不公平，而且降低產業競爭力。究竟租稅獎勵與產業發展的關係為何，租稅獎勵是否有助產業政策的發展，是一項值得吾人探討的議題。
為了深入瞭解這項議題，本文係以台灣實施經驗為例，分析台灣租稅獎勵的特色與產業發展過程，回顧研究租稅獎勵實施成效的文獻，並比較世界各國如新加坡、日本、韓國等國家運用租稅獎勵工具的情形，最後並對我國的產業租稅政策提出建議。本研究主要的發現為，無論就理論或實證的分析，租稅獎勵是否有助於台灣的產業發展，並無法獲得一致性答案；台灣目前所提供的租稅獎勵項目或優惠程度並不低於新加坡、韓國等貿易競爭國家或日、美等先進國家。就未來台灣整體產業租稅獎勵政策，本文的建議為，多善用其他非租稅獎勵工具，協助產業發展；持續進行租稅改革，合理化稅負環境；適度修正促進產業升級條例，強化租稅獎勵功能。 / In many countries the industrial policy instruments, such as low interest loan, grants and tax incentives are used to assist industrial development. However, some researchers argue that government intervention would always result in recourses distortion and economic inefficiency; and claim for respecting market mechanism. Taiwan’s government for a long period, for example, has provided tax incentives. Some people think that tax incentives play an important role in Taiwan’s economic miracle. But others think that tax incentives result in tax discrimination, and weakness industry’s competitive ability. Therefore, how does tax incentive influence industrial development is a controversial issue.
With aims to know how does tax incentives influence industry, this paper takes Taiwan’s experience as an example, introduces the feature of Taiwan’s tax incentives and the process of industrial development. Furthermore, this paper surveys Taiwan’s researches on the effectiveness of tax incentives and compares tax incentives adopted by Singapore, Japan, Korea, and America. This paper also present suggestions to the policies of industries taxation base on the research findings.
The main findings are that by theoretic or empirical study, we cannot find consentaneous answer for whether tax incentive is helpful for industrial development；and tax incentives provided by Taiwan government are no less than that by other countries. According to the research findings, we suggest that the government should utilize non-tax instruments more；the government should continue to accelerate tax reforms, and thereby to establish a fair and rational tax environment；and tax incentive is still important for some business activity such as R&D in the knowledge-based economy.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:CHENGCHI/G0089921023 |
| Creators | 胡貝蒂 |
| Publisher | 國立政治大學 |
| Source Sets | National Chengchi University Libraries |
| Language | 中文 |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Rights | Copyright © nccu library on behalf of the copyright holders |
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