資訊與通訊科技的發達，公部門將其應用在公民參與，形成電子化參與。然而，由於政策議題的複雜使得一般大眾對其不甚了解而選擇冷漠，一般大眾將此種複雜的議題交給公部門中的行政菁英作決策，長久以來形成菁英文化。雖然近年來，文官致力於推展電子化參與，但電子化參與所獲得的網路民意，多半具有非理性、瑣碎、情緒化等特性，可能促使公部門菁英文化更加顯著，而影響電子化參與的推展。為了解公部門菁英文化是否會影響文官電子化參與的推展，利用計畫行為理論為研究架構。然而，由於計畫行為理論經常用於非組織內行為的研究，因此忽略組織無形因素的影響（例如：組織文化），因此本研究在利用計畫行為理論為研究架構檢視文官推展電子化參與時，特別納入菁英文化。本研究以文官推展網路民意論壇為研究範圍，採用問卷調查法，以非隨機抽樣，發放250份問卷，回收185份，回收率為74%，有效問卷為179份。
本研究主要發現為，第一、以計畫行為理論檢視組織內個體行為，雖然皆有顧及資源和機會等組織有形的影響因素，然而，許多研究忽略組織抽象的影響因素，如組織氣候，組織文化等。第二、菁英文化對於文官推展民意論壇的行為意圖有其影響性，只是僅有菁英文化其中之一的概念－公務人員相對於民眾對本身知識的看法對於行為意圖有影響，另一概念－公務人員相對於民眾對本身主導與影響力的看法則無影響。第三、計畫行為理論預測行為意圖僅考量態度、主觀規範、認知行為控制，然而，本研究認為在檢視文官推展民意論壇行為意圖時，更需考量菁英文化對行為意圖的直接影響。
為了改善菁英文化對於文官推展民意論壇的影響，本研究對此提出的實務建議有三，第一、利用願景工作坊改善文官對於菁英文化的看法，第二、促使電子化參與制度化使得網路民意品質提升，第三、文官民意分析能力提升以及機關資源的有效利用，促使文官提高推展民意論壇的行為頻率。而本研究後續研究建議有五，第一、樣本代表性的改善，第二、檢驗電子化參與的不同個案，第三、應用結構方程模型及質化研究方法，第四、檢視菁英文化與主觀規範之間的中介變項，第五、檢視菁英文化與行為意圖之間的調節變項。 / The civil servants have set into e-participation due to the fast development of information communication technologies (ICTs). However, because the public can’t understand policy domain knowledge in decision making, they expect the civil servants to cope with these professional matters. This long-term dependence on the civil servants and their expertise may foster the elite culture in the public sector and the elite culture has also impact on the civil servants’ intention for e-participation. In my thesis, the theory of planned behavior (TPB) is used to design and survey the above-mentioned elite culture situation for the public servants dealing with e-participation. The survey focuses on the civil servants’ intention and behavior of handling e-forum. 250 copies of questionnaires (non-probability sampling) are distributed and 185 copies returned, with 179 valid responses.
Through data analysis, there are three key research findings. First, the majority of the existing research includes the physical organizational factors such as organizational resources. However, many previous studies do not include the implicit organizational factors such as organizational climate, organizational culture. Second, elite culture has general impact on the civil servants’ intention of setting into e-forum. However, only the civil servants’ evaluation of citizens’ policy expertise has impact on the intention; the other concepts fail to affect their attitude. Third, the study proposes to add elite culture to the existing TPB framework when we study the civil servants’ intention of setting into e-forum.
To change elite culture’s impact on the civil servants’ intention, my thesis addresses three pragmatic suggestions. First, the civil servants can change their perspectives of elite culture through the scenario workshop. Second, the institutionalization of e-participation can enhance the quality of public opinions. Third, the enhancement of the civil servants’ ability of public opinions analysis and efficiency of organization resources can contribute to their performance of e-participation. The following research suggestions are recommended, including improving the representative of samples, studying multiple cases of e-participation, applying structural equation modeling and qualitative methods, studying the potential mediating variables between elite culture and subjective norm, and studying the moderating variables between elite culture and intention.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:CHENGCHI/G1012560102 |
| Creators | 熊子翔, Hsiung, Tzu Hsiang |
| Publisher | 國立政治大學 |
| Source Sets | National Chengchi University Libraries |
| Language | 中文 |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Rights | Copyright © nccu library on behalf of the copyright holders |
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