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Previous issue date: 2017-03-08 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico - CNPq / Introdu??o: A literatura sugere que respostas emocionais est?o associadas ao
desenvolvimento e manuten??o de sintomas do Transtorno de Estresse P?s-Traum?tico
(TEPT). A capacidade de influenciar a experi?ncia e express?o emocional, conhecida como
regula??o emocional (RE), pode ser cr?tica ao lidar com n?veis significativos de estresse.
Especificamente, a RE atrav?s de cogni??es, ou pensamentos (ou seja, Regula??o Emocional
Cognitiva, REC), ajuda os indiv?duos a manter o controle sobre sua experi?ncia emocional
durante, ou depois de serem expostos a eventos estressores, ou traum?ticos. O Question?rio de
Regula??o Emocional Cognitiva (CERQ), foi desenvolvido para medir nove diferentes
estrat?gias de REC que se referem ? maneira consciente e atencional de lidar com eventos de
vida amea?adores, ou negativos. Objetivos: Os objetivos gerais desta disserta??o foram
desenvolver e investigar as evid?ncias de validade da vers?o brasileira do CERQ (Estudo 1) e
investigar a rela??o entre a exposi??o a traumas, estrat?gias cognitivas de RE, afeto e
Sintomas de Estresse P?s-Traum?tico (SEPT) atrav?s de um modelo de media??o dupla
(Estudo 2). M?todo: Uma amostra de 445 estudantes universit?rios completou um
Question?rio S?cio-Demogr?fico, a Life of Events Checklist (LEC-5), a vers?o brasileira do
CERQ, a Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) e a Posttraumatic Symptoms
Checklist (PCL-5) em uma plataforma de pesquisa on-line. Para o Estudo 1, o processo de
adapta??o da vers?o brasileira do CERQ incluiu tradu??o, retro-tradu??o, avalia??o de ju?zes
e teste em 30 participantes da popula??o-alvo. As evid?ncias de validade de construto foram
avaliadas atrav?s de an?lise fatorial confirmat?ria, da consist?ncia interna atrav?s dos alfas de
Cronbach e de correla??es com as vari?veis afetivas mensuradas pelo PANAS. Para o Estudo
2 foram realizadas an?lises preliminares de correla??o e de regress?o linear m?ltipla para
investigar associa??es entre tipo de trauma, estrat?gias cognitivas de regula??o emocional,
afeto e severidade de SEPT. Em seguida, um modelo com rumina??o e afeto negativo como
mediadores do efeito da exposi??o ao trauma les?o moral causada por outros sobre os SEPT
foi testado usando o macro PROCESS para o SPSS. Resultados: As an?lises de validade
mostraram que a estrutura original do CERQ possui boa validade fatorial na amostra e alta
confiabilidade, com ? de Cronbach variando entre .71 e .88. An?lises preliminares de
associa??o entre tipo de trauma, estrat?gias de regula??o emocional cognitiva, afeto e SEPT
mostraram que o tipo de trauma de les?o moral causada por outros, rumina??o e afeto
negativo s?o preditores significativos da gravidade de SEPT. Ao testar o modelo de media??o
dupla, os resultados sugerem que a rumina??o ? um mediador forte e independente entre o
tipo de trauma de les?o moral causada por outros e SEPT, enquanto afeto negativo ? um
mediador apenas quando a rumina??o est? presente no modelo. Discuss?o: Nossos resultados
indicam que a vers?o brasileira do CERQ ? uma ferramenta v?lida e confi?vel para avaliar as
estrat?gias cognitivas de regula??o emocional e que os indiv?duos expostos ao tipo de trauma
de les?o moral causada pelos outros utilizam rumina??o como uma estrat?gia de regula??o
emocional cognitiva com mais frequ?ncia. O uso aumentado dessa estrat?gia amplifica os
n?veis de afeto negativo que acaba levando a n?veis mais elevados de SEPT. Em geral, esses
resultados podem influenciar pesquisas e auxiliar no desenvolvimento e melhoria de
interven??es cognitivas para indiv?duos expostos a eventos traum?ticos. / Background: Literature suggests that emotional responses are associated to the
development and maintenance of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptoms. The
ability to influence emotional experience and expression, known as emotion regulation (ER),
can be critical when dealing with significant levels of stress. Specifically, ER through
cognitions, or thoughts (i.e. Cognitive Emotion Regulation; CER), helps individuals to
maintain control over their emotional experience during, or after being exposed to stressful, or
traumatic events. The Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ) was developed to
measure nine different CER strategies that refer to the conscious and attentional way people
deal with threatening, or negative life events. Objectives: Therefore, the general purposes of
this thesis were to develop and evaluate validity evidences of the Brazilian version of the
CERQ (Study 1) and to investigate the relationship between trauma exposure, cognitive
emotion regulation strategies, affect and Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms (PTSS) testing for a
double mediation model (Study2). Method: A sample of 445 university students completed a
Socio-Demographic Questionnaire, the Life of Events Checklist (LEC-5), the Brazilian
version of the CERQ, the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) and the
Posttraumatic Symptoms Checklist (PCL-5) on an on-line research platform. For Study 1,
adaptation process of the Brazilian version of the CERQ included translation, backtranslation,
expert committee?s evaluation, and testing on 30 participants from the target
population. Validity evidence was assessed through confirmatory factor analysis, internal
consistency through the Cronbach?s alpha analysis, and correlations with the affective
variables measured by the PANAS. For Study 2, preliminary correlation and multiple linear
regression analyses were conducted to investigate associations among trauma type exposure,
cognitive emotion regulation strategies, affect and PTSS severity. Next, a model positing
rumination and negative affect as double mediators of the effect of trauma type of moral
injury by others on PTSS was tested using the PROCESS macro for SPSS. Results: Validity
analyses showed that the original structure of the CERQ has good factorial validity in the
sample and high reliabilities, with Cronbach?s ? ranging between .71 and .88. Preliminary
analyses of the association among trauma type, cognitive emotion regulation strategies, affect
and PTSS showed that trauma type of moral injury, rumination and negative affect were
significant predictors of PTSS severity. When testing for the double mediation model, results
suggested that rumination is a strong and independent mediator between trauma type moral
injury by others and PTSS, while negative affect is a mediator only when rumination is also
included. Discussion: Our results indicate that the Brazilian version of the CERQ is a valid
and reliable tool for assessing cognitive emotion regulation strategies, and that individuals
who are exposed to trauma type of moral injury by others engage more frequently in
rumination as a cognitive emotion regulation strategy, which in turn amplifies levels of
negative effect that ends up leading to higher levels of PTSS. Overall, these results can
influence further researches and aid the development and improvement of cognitive treatment
interventions for individuals exposed to traumatic events.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:tede2.pucrs.br:tede/7461 |
| Date | 08 March 2017 |
| Creators | Sch?fer, Julia Luiza |
| Contributors | Kristensen, Christian Haag |
| Publisher | Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Psicologia, PUCRS, Brasil, Escola de Humanidades |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | English |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_RS, instname:Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, instacron:PUC_RS |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
| Relation | 2588426296948062698, 600, 600, 600, 600, -6557531471218110192, 3411867255817377423, -2555911436985713659 |
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