本研究旨在探討新聞記者所具備的核心能力，受限於傳統新聞學研究大多以記者具備的「知識」作研究主題，為能更全觀去瞭解記者完成工作任務所需具備的核心能力，本研究由能力理論（competence theory）出發，藉著文獻整理及分析，初步建構出研究記者核心能力的四大面向：「資訊處理」、「科技使用」、「集體協力」及「個人情意」。
研究結果顯示，新聞記者在資訊處理能力上，主要可展現於「發現和界定問題」、「搜尋相關知識及資料」、「分析及整理資訊」及「呈現資訊」，其中擁有專業知識及策略知識是關鍵。在科技使用能力上，記者必須透過外在工具來延伸自身能力，需要發現並發揮科技工具可能的機緣，並讓身心靈習性保持彈性。在集體協作的能力上，記者必須與消息來源有良好的互動，由「建立關係、取得信任」、「談判協商能力」及「衝突處理」來展現能力。在個人情意上，最重要的是工作的動機及價值觀，因此新聞記者必須瞭解且認同作為記者的意義，才有可能為公眾利益去衝撞權威。此外也必須具備高度的「抗壓性」，才能勝任記者一職。
最後，本研究也根據研究結果提出記者核心能力之九大行為指標，作為日後相關調查研究參考。 / This study aims to explore the core competence of a journalist. Previous research mainly focused on the knowledge a journalist should possess, little is known about the core competence. To extend our understandings on this issue, this study constructed the four major analytic frames which were based on the constructs of competence theories. The four main frames are: 1) information processing ability; 2) the ability of using technology; 3) social interaction and 4) personal affection.
The results of the study indicated that: 1) a journalist’s information processing ability was exhibited from the ability to identify questions, gather, analyze, and present information. 2) A journalist should be able to utilize external tools/sources to help them complete tasks more efficiently. That is, to figure out available tools and sources,, and to keep themselves flexible. 3) A journalist needs to maintain a harmonious relationship with news sources by gaining trust, using negotiation strategies and dealing with conflicts.
It is noteworthy that, the most important competence a journalist needs to possess is the motivation. They must have positive perception on their role and envisage it is their responsibility to fight against the authority for the public interest. In addition, it is also essential for a journalist to handle great pressure from.
At last, this study also provides the nine behavioral indicators which derived from the results. These could be the reference for future research.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:CHENGCHI/G0093941005 |
| Creators | 李惠琳, Li, Hui Lin |
| Publisher | 國立政治大學 |
| Source Sets | National Chengchi University Libraries |
| Language | 中文 |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Rights | Copyright © nccu library on behalf of the copyright holders |
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