在機器學習與深度學習技術帶動第三次人工智慧熱潮，特別是與機器人、大數據、3D列印等結合，「人工智慧」成為各大科技企業重點發展技術，無論是透過成立研究小組或是併購的方式，在2016年即有40多家人工智慧技術公司被併購，同時這些技術也被應用在各式產品與服務中。此外不同產業中也陸續引進人工智慧，從事需要耗時費力的基礎工作，節省成本，也引發人類被取代的恐慌。世界各國除著力投資發展人工智慧之外，也重視人工智慧為社會及經濟產生的影響與現行法制的衝擊。
人工智慧技術也應用於創作與發明過程中，且在機器學習技術下，人類僅需輸入指示與限制，人工智慧完成內容創作所產出作品，與人類創作成果並無二致。或是像是神燈精靈一般，人類只要以人工智慧可理解的方式定義問題、要件分析、功能設計，人工智慧即能完成最重要的物理設計，解決人類之問題，其產出物可能是符合產業利用性、新穎性與進步性等專利要件。這些人工智慧創作與發明物是否符合我國現行著作權法與專利法之規定而受到保護，將是本文探討重點，本文將以文獻研究以及比較法的方式深入研究。
智慧財產權制度設立的主旨是為保護人類精神活動成果，以人類為創作主體為前提，人工智慧參與創作之成果對於現行制度而言自然有所扞格。然而人工智慧創作力對於未來創作與發明而言，都是有所助益，可豐富文化的多樣性並加快技術的發展。而日本知識產權戰略本部也於2016年四月時也將針對人工智慧創作物之法律保護，擬修訂智慧財產權法。如我國未來亦研擬將人工智慧創作物納入法律保護，本文參考日本立法相關討論以及美國學者之見解，提出立法時應考量的權利歸屬以及衍生的相關問題。 / Machine Learning and Deep Learning are leading the new artificial intelligence era, especially when integrated with technologies of robot, big data, and 3D printing. As A.I. gradually became the one of the most popular technologies, corporate giants, such as Google, IBM, Facebook, and Apple, have been setting up research labs and acquiring A.I. startups to improve the quality of their services and products. Meanwhile, through using their service and products, our daily life is filled with A.I. Moreover, in many different industries, companies are using A.I. to reduce their cost by replacing labors from time-consuming jobs. Governments not only invest in the development of A.I. technology, but also response to the impact A.I. brings to the society, economic and Law.
Artificial creativity is a new way for creation and invention. With machine learning, human only need to input the indication and limitation for A.I. to generate the outcome which is almost the same as what human can do. A.I. is also being described as a “genie in the machine”. Human input the description of their problems, functional analysis, and functional design, then A.I. will do the physical design to solve the problems and generate inventions which are useful, novelty and un-obviousness. Whether these creations and inventions are copyrightable and patentable is the core of this essay.
Intellectual property system is aimed to protect the result from human’s mind activity, so the author or inventor must be human beings. When A.I. is not just a creation tool, but a creative subject, that’s where a conflict occurs. However, A.I. creativity is beneficial to human creative and inventing activity, because it can quicken the progress of technologies and improve culture diversity. Legislators in Japan are planning to protect A.I. creation through modification of intellectual property law. If we also expect to protect A.I. creation and invention in Taiwan in the future, with Japan legislative discussion and America scholars’ theories, this essay might offer some useful indications on the right attribution and other derivation problems.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:CHENGCHI/G1033642031 |
| Creators | 陳昭妤, Chen, Chao Yu |
| Publisher | 國立政治大學 |
| Source Sets | National Chengchi University Libraries |
| Language | 中文 |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | text |
| Rights | Copyright © nccu library on behalf of the copyright holders |
Page generated in 0.0016 seconds