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Previous issue date: 2016-10-24 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / As limita??es de atividades s?o dificuldades que um indiv?duo pode apresentar ao realizar determinadas tarefas da vida cotidiana e determina parte do estado de incapacidade do indiv?duo. No Brasil, a preval?ncia de limita??es de atividades chega a 32% da popula??o de pessoas idosas. Conhecer as preval?ncias de limita??es de atividades em termos de capacidade funcional da pessoa idosa e analisar as associa??es entre capacidade funcional e as caracter?sticas sociodemogr?ficas e econ?micas dos indiv?duos, bem como as caracter?sticas ecol?gicas de desigualdade social de g?nero e socioecon?micas no ?mbito das Unidades Federativas Brasileiras s?o pe?as fundamentais para a estrutura??o das a??es de assist?ncia e vigil?ncia em sa?de. Portanto, o objetivo do presente estudo foi criar um ?ndice de capacidade funcional e, desta forma, poder estimar a magnitude das diferen?as de g?nero na capacidade funcional entre as pessoas idosas e examinar se estas diferen?as poderiam estar associadas a fatores contextuais socioecon?micos e de desigualdade social de g?nero em n?vel das Unidades Federativas. Trata-se de um estudo transversal e ecol?gico de base populacional que incluiu os residentes com 60 ou mais anos de idade participantes da Pesquisa Nacional de Sa?de, conduzida em 2013, no Brasil. O ?ndice de capacidade funcional foi constru?do e validado a partir de um modelo de cr?dito parcial generalizado de teoria de resposta ao item, atendidos os pressupostos de dimensionalidade do espa?o latente e independ?ncia local estoc?stica. Foram estimadas as diferen?as de g?nero na capacidade funcional em cada Unidade Federativa. Para determinar se as vari?veis contextuais socioecon?micas e de desigualdade social de g?nero foram associadas com as diferen?as de g?nero na capacidade funcional, foram ajustados modelos de regress?o linear multin?vel com efeitos de intera??o de n?vel cruzado, controlados por vari?veis em n?vel individual e contextual, produzindo os coeficientes e respectivos intervalos de confian?a de 95%. Para o Brasil, os resultados indicaram que 17% dos idosos apresentaram alguma limita??o em atividades b?sicas da vida di?ria e 29% nas atividades instrumentais da vida di?ria. As mulheres apresentaram desvantagens em capacidade funcional maiores que os homens e encontrou-se no grupo de idosos octogen?rios uma preval?ncia de 70% nas limita??es de atividades. Os menores ?ndices de capacidade funcional foram encontrados entre os idosos com idade mais avan?ada, principalmente o grupo dos octogen?rios e analfabetos. Observou-se que as Regi?es Norte e Nordeste apresentaram maiores desvantagens na capacidade funcional, principalmente entre as mulheres. O Amazonas, Rio Grande do Norte, Para?ba e Alagoas detiveram as piores condi??es de capacidade funcional entre os idosos. Al?m disso, em Alagoas, Maranh?o e Pernambuco as magnitudes das diferen?as de g?nero, em desfavor das mulheres, foram maiores. Com base nos resultados encontrados, a hip?tese deste estudo foi confirmada ao demonstrar que as Unidades Federativas Brasileiras com maiores diferen?as de g?nero em capacidade funcional foram aquelas com as maiores desigualdades sociais de g?nero, sendo amplamente influenciadas pelas maiores desigualdades de renda. / Activity limitations are difficulties an individual may have to perform certain tasks of daily life and determines part of the individual's disability status. In Brazil, the prevalence of activity limitation reaches 32% of the population of elderly people. Knowing the prevalence of activity limitations in terms of functional capacity of the elderly and to examine the associations between functional capacity and socio-demographic and economic characteristics of individuals, as well as the social gender inequality and socioeconomic characteristics within the Brazilian Federative Units are fundamental to the structure of assistance actions and health surveillance. Therefore, the aim of this study was to create the functional capacity index and thus able to estimate the magnitude of gender differences in functional capacity among the elderly and examine whether these differences could be associated with social gender inequality and socioeconomic contextual factors in terms of Federative Units. This is a cross-sectional and ecological population-based study that included residents aged 60 years old participating in the National Health Survey, conducted in 2013, in Brazil. The functional capacity index was developed and validated from a generalized partial credit model of item response theory, provided the assumptions of dimensionality of the latent space and stochastic local independence. Gender differences were estimated in functional capacity in each Federative Unit. To determine if the social gender inequality and socioeconomic contextual variables were associated with gender differences in functional capacity were adjusted multilevel linear regression models with cross-level interaction, controlled by individual- and contextual-level variables, which yielded coefficients and their 95% confidence intervals. For Brazil, the results indicated that 17% of the elderly had some limitation in activities of daily living and 29% in instrumental activities of daily living. Women had higher functional capacity disadvantages than men and was found in the group of octogenarians a prevalence of 70% in activity limitations. The smallest functional capacity indexes were found among older people with older age, especially the group of octogenarians and illiterate. It was noted that the North and Northeast Region had greater disadvantages in functional capacity, especially among women. Amazonas, Rio Grande do Norte, Paraiba and Alagoas detained the worst conditions of functional capacity among the elderly. Moreover, in Alagoas, Pernambuco and Maranhao the magnitude of gender differences, in disadvantage for women, were higher. Based on these results, the hypothesis of this study was confirmed by demonstrating that the Brazilian Federative Units with the largest gender differences in functional capacity were those with the greatest social inequalities of gender, being largely influenced by higher income inequality.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.ufrn.br:123456789/22731 |
| Date | 24 October 2016 |
| Creators | Lima, Andr? Luiz Barbosa de |
| Contributors | 50337157472, http://lattes.cnpq.br/5835673385014578, Oliveira, Angelo Giuseppe Roncalli da Costa, 42313384420, http://lattes.cnpq.br/0023445563721084, Souza, Dami?o Ernane de, 79881122449, http://lattes.cnpq.br/1932273466740095, Gazzola, Juliana Maria, 19812791809, http://lattes.cnpq.br/5826842469212021, Souza J?nior, Paulo Borges de, 03565201703, http://lattes.cnpq.br/4253381115037760, Lima, Kenio Costa de |
| Publisher | PROGRAMA DE P?S-GRADUA??O EM SA?DE COLETIVA, UFRN, Brasil |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | Unknown |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRN, instname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, instacron:UFRN |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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