Thesis (MPhil)--University of Stellenbosch, 2003. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to compare training and physiological variables in
performance-matched 10 km female and male athletes in order to identify those
factors allowing females to compensate for their lower haematocrit and higher %
body fat, both of which are disadvantageous to performance. Eight well-trained
competitive female runners and eight well-trained competitive male runners
participated in the study. They were matched by performance in a controlled 10 km
time trial in the field (TT10). Training was monitored in each athlete for seven
consecutive days using heart rate monitoring and training diaries. Each athlete gave
a muscle biopsy for histological and biochemical analysis. Four maximal tests, two
flat and two gradient (8%), were completed by each athlete in order to determine
V02max, maximum heart rate and peak treadmill speed (PTS) under each condition.
Each athlete also completed two submaximal tests (one flat and one gradient) and a
ten minute race pace test, in which the pace was determined by their TT10
performance. These allowed fractional utilization of V02max, HRmax and PTS to be
determined, as well as economy. Training data revealed a much greater training
volume, both distance run and duration of training, in female athletes (p < 0.05 for
distance; p < 0.01 for duration). V02max expressed per kg body mass was significantly
higher in males (p < 0.05), however, when expressed per FFM, no difference was
found between genders. Female athletes had a significantly greater percent
composition of type I fibres and males had significantly more type IIX fibres, possible
explanation of gender difference in PTS and contributing factor to equal TT10. The
relationships between training, performance and biochemical variables in either
gender were very different. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van die studie was om die oefening en fisiologiese veranderlikes in 10 km
vroue en mans atlete, wat afgepaar was volgens prestasie, te vergelyk om die
faktore te indentisifeer wat vroue toelaat om te kompenseer vir hulle lae haematokrit
en hoë persent liggaamsmassa, wat albei nadelig is tot prestasie. Agt mededingende
vroue hardlopers en agt mededingende mans hardlopers het aan die studie
deelgeneem. Hulle was gepaar volgens prestasie in 'n gekontroleerde padwedloop
(TTlO). Oefening was gemonitor vir elke atleet vir sewe opeenvolgende dae deur
gebruik te maak van harttempo monitors en oefeningsdagboeke. Elke atlleet het 'n
spierbiopsie gehad wat histologies en biochemies geanaliseer was. Vier maksimale
toetse, twee met 'n gradiënt van 0° en twee met 'n gradiënt van 5° (8%) was deur
elke atleet voltooi om V02maks,maksimale harttempo en piek trapmeulspoed (PTS),
vir beide situasies te bepaal. Hulle het ook almal twee submaksimale toetse gedoen
(een teen 0° gradiënt en een teen 5° gradiënt) sowel as 'n tien minuut wedlooppas
toets. Fraksionele benutting van V02maks,HRmaksen PTS was hiervan bepaal asook
die ekonomie van elke atleet. Oefeningshoeveelheid ten opsigte van afstand en duur
van oefening was baie hoër in vroue atlete (p < 0.05 vir afstand; p < 0.01 vir duur).
V02maks uitgedruk per kg liggaamsmassa was aansienlik hoër in mans atlete
(p < 0.05), maar uitgedruk per vetvrye massa (FFM) was daar geen verskil tussen
geslagte. Vroue atlete het 'n merkwaardige hoër persentasie tipe I spiervesels gehad
terwyl mans atlete 'n merkwaardige hoer persentasie tipe IIX spiervesels 'gehad het.
Dit mag dalk 'n mootlike verklaring vir die geslagsverskil in PTS en 'n bydraende
faktor tot gelyke TTlO wees. Verskillende verhoudings tussen oefening, prestasie en
biochemiese veranderlikes was in die twee geslagte gesien.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:netd.ac.za/oai:union.ndltd.org:sun/oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/53333 |
| Date | 12 1900 |
| Creators | Bowen, Robyn |
| Contributors | Myburgh, K. H., Stellenbosch University. Faculty of Education. Dept. of Sport Science. |
| Publisher | Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University |
| Source Sets | South African National ETD Portal |
| Language | en_ZA |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Thesis |
| Format | 102 p. : ill. |
| Rights | Stellenbosch University |
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