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Previous issue date: 2014-12-16 / A S?ndrome da Imunodefici?ncia Adquirida (AIDS), considerada na atualidade uma doen?a
de car?ter cr?nico devido ao advento do tratamento com antirretrovirais (TARV), traz aos
indiv?duos que vivem com essa doen?a dificuldades relacionadas ? conviv?ncia social e ?
adapta??o ? nova condi??o cl?nica e ?s rotinas impostas pelo tratamento. Essa realidade causa
forte impacto na vida dessas pessoas que, no intuito da superar tais obst?culos, utilizam
estrat?gias de enfrentamento, o Coping. Nesse contexto, objetivou-se neste estudo caracterizar
o perfil sociodemogr?fico, cl?nico e de h?bitos de vida de pessoas vivendo com AIDS e
analisar as estrat?gias de enfretamento utilizadas frente ? situa??o da doen?a, segundo
vari?veis sociodemogr?ficas, cl?nicas e h?bitos de vida. Trata-se de um estudo transversal com
abordagem quantitativa. A amostra foi composta por 331 pessoas cadastradas no ambulat?rio
do Hospital Giselda Trigueiro (HGT), situado em Natal/RN, que possu?am agendamento para
consulta m?dica ambulatorial no per?odo de janeiro a agosto de 2014. A pesquisa obteve
parecer favor?vel do Comit? de ?tica em Pesquisa da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do
Norte com o Certificado de Apresenta??o para Aprecia??o ?tica (CAAE), n?
16578613.0.0000.5537. A coleta de dados foi realizada atrav?s de entrevista estruturada e do
Invent?rio de Estrat?gias de Enfrentamento de Folkman e Lazarus (IEEFL). Os dados da
caracteriza??o social demonstraram predomin?ncia de homens (52%), jovens (42%), procedentes
da capital (58%), cor parda (53%), solteiro (56%), heterossexuais (79%), pobres (68%). Em
rela??o aos aspectos cl?nicos, verificou-se que a maioria realizou o primeiro exame anti-HIV
h? menos de cinco anos (60%), tiveram sinais e sintomas da AIDS antes do exame (90%),
foram internados (90%), iniciaram o TARV h? menos de cinco anos (60%), julgam ter bom
conhecimento sobre a doen?a (75%) e acreditam que sua sa?de melhorou (92%).
Relativamente aos h?bitos de vida, evidenciou-se que a maioria n?o consumem ?lcool (71%),
n?o fumam (88%) e n?o usam drogas il?citas (92%) e nunca usaram preservativos antes do
diagn?stico (62%) e apenas 192 (58%) usam o c?don atualmente. No que se refere ao Coping
houve maior refer?ncia dos modos focados na emo??o, embora a resolu??o de problema tenha
sido o segundo mais frequente. Os escores m?dios das mulheres, dos trabalhadores, dos
religiosos e dos que nunca abandonaram o tratamento foram mais elevados para todos os
fatores. Ter companheiro, morar com familiares e apoio no tratamento apresentaram maiores
escores m?dios para v?rios fatores, coincidindo no confronto, afastamento e suporte social.
Quanto ao lazer e a pr?tica de exerc?cios f?sicos, tamb?m predominou os modos focados na
emo??o assim como foi observado na correla??o entre o tempo de tratamento, escolaridade e
renda familiar e os fatores do IEEFL, embora com intensidade fraca. O perfil da popula??o
estudada confere com as caracter?sticas nacionais, sugerindo feminiliza??o, interioriza??o,
pauperiza??o, heterossexualiza??o, aumento da contagem de c?lulas CD4 e redu??o da carga
viral durante o tratamento e a manuten??o de h?bitos de vida saud?veis. As estrat?gias de
enfrentamento mais utilizadas foram as focadas na emo??o. Nesse contexto, entende-se que a
identifica??o dessas estrat?gias pode facilitar o planejamento da assist?ncia, favorecendo a
adapta??o dessas pessoas aos estressores frente ? situa??o da doen?a / The Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), considered today one chronic nature of
the disease due to the advent of antiretroviral therapy (TARV), brings to individuals living
with this disease, difficulties related to social interaction and adaptation to new physical
condition and the routines imposed by the treatment. This reality has a strong impact on the
lives of these people in order of overcoming them use coping strategies, Coping. In this
context, the aim of this study was to characterize the epidemiological, clinical and life habits of
people living with AIDS and analyze the coping strategies used with the situation of the
disease, according to sociodemographic, clinical and life habits. This is a cross-sectional study
with a quantitative approach. The sample consisted of 331 people registered at the clinic of the
Hospital Giselda Trigueiro (HGT), located in Natal / RN, who had scheduling for outpatient
medical consultation from January to August 2014. The study was approved by the Ethics
Committee the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte with the Presentation of Certificate
for Ethics Assessment (CAAE), paragraph 16578613.0.0000.5537. The data of social
characterization showed predominance of men (52%), young people (42%) coming from the
capital (58%), mulatto (53%), single (56%), heterosexual (79%), poor (68 %). With regard to
clinical aspects it has been found that most held the first HIV testing for less than five years
(60%) had signs and symptoms of AIDS before the examination (90%) were hospitalized
(90%) started ART for less than five years (60%) believe they have good knowledge of the
disease (75%) and believe that their health has improved (92%). For lifestyle, it became clear
that most do not consume alcohol (71%), do not smoke (88%) and do not use illicit drugs
(92%) and never used condoms before diagnosis (62%) and only 192 (58%) use the currently
codon. With regard to the reference was higher coping focused modes of emotion, although the
problem solving has been the second most common. The mean scores of women, workers,
religious and never abandoned the treatment were higher for all factors. Having a partner,
living with family members and support in the treatment had higher average scores for various
factors, coinciding in the confrontation, withdrawal and social support. As for the leisure and
physical exercise also dominated the modes focused on emotion as was seen in the correlation
between the time of treatment, education and family income and IEEFL factors, although with
low intensity. The profile of the study population confers with national characteristics,
suggesting feminization, internalization, pauperization, heterosexual, increased CD4 cell count
and viral load reduction during treatment and maintaining healthy lifestyle habits. Coping
strategies used were more focused on emotion. In this context, it is understood that the
identification of these strategies can facilitate care planning, encouraging such persons to adapt
to stressors with the situation of the disease
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.ufrn.br:123456789/19616 |
| Date | 16 December 2014 |
| Creators | Silva, Rafael Tavares Silveira |
| Contributors | 02508410454, http://lattes.cnpq.br/2184669241700299, Souza, Nilba Lima de, 42997186404, http://lattes.cnpq.br/3552543432083948, Morais, F?tima Raquel Rosado, 79260748453, http://lattes.cnpq.br/8086396650395631, Silva, Richardson Augusto Rosendo da, http://lattes.cnpq.br/9587624897743061 |
| Publisher | Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, PROGRAMA DE P?S-GRADUA??O EM ENFERMAGEM, UFRN, Brasil |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRN, instname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, instacron:UFRN |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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