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Previous issue date: 2010-10-25 / Pythagoras was one of the most important pre-Socratic thinkers, and the movement he
founded, Pythagoreanism, influenced a whole thought later in religion and science.
Iamblichus, an important Neoplatonic and Neopythagorean philosopher of the third century
AD, produced one of the most important biographies of Pythagoras in his work Life of
Pythagoras. In it he portrays the life of Pythagoras and provides information on
Pythagoreanism, such as the Pythagorean religious community which resembled the cult of
mysteries; the Pythagorean involvement in political affairs and in the government in southern
Italy, the use of music by the Pythagoreans (means of purification of healing, use of
theoretical study), the Pythagorean ethic (Pythagorean friendship and loyalty, temperance,
self-control, inner balance); justice; and the attack on the Pythagoreans. Also in this
biography, Iamblichus, almost seven hundred years after the termination of the Pythagorean
School, established a catalog list with the names of two hundred and eighteen men and sixteen
women, supposedly Pythagoreans of different nationalities. Based on this biography, a
question was raised: to what extent and in what ways, can the Pythagoreans quoted by
Iamblichus really be classified as Pythagoreans? We will take as guiding elements to search
for answers to our central problem the following general objectives: to identify, whenever
possible, which of the men and women listed in the Iamblichus catalog may be deemed
Pythagorean and specific; (a) to describe the mystery religions; (b) to reflect on the
similarities between the cult of mysteries and the Pythagorean School; (c) to develop criteria
to define what is being a Pythagorean; (d) to define a Pythagorean; (e) to identify, if possible,
through names, places of birth, life, thoughts, work, lifestyle, generation, etc.., each of the
men and women listed by Iamblichus; (f) to highlight who, in the catalog, could really be
considered Pythagorean, or adjusting to one or more criteria established in c, or also to the
provisions of item d. To realize these goals, we conducted a literature review based on ancient
sources that discuss the Pythagoreanism, especially Iamblichus (1986), Plato (2000), Aristotle
(2009), as well as modern scholars of the Pythagorean movement, Cameron (1938), Burnet
(1955), Burkert (1972), Barnes (1997), Gorman (n.d.), Guthrie (1988), Khan (1999), Matt?i
(2000), Kirk, Raven and Shofield (2005), Fossa and Gorman (n.d.) (2010). The results of our
survey show that, despite little or no availability of information on the names of alleged
Pythagoreans listed by Iamblichus, if we apply the criteria and the definition set by us of what
comes to be a Pythagorean to some names for which we have evidence, it is possible to
assume that Iamblichus produced a list which included some Pythagoreans / Pit?goras ? considerado um dos mais importantes pensadores pr?-socr?ticos. A escola
pitag?rica, por ele fundada, influenciou todo um pensar posterior na religi?o e na ci?ncia.
J?mblico, fil?sofo neoplat?nico e neopitag?rico do s?culo III d.C., elaborou, quase setecentos
anos ap?s o t?rmino do movimento pitag?rico, uma das tr?s biografias de Pit?goras, a Vida de
Pit?goras. Nela, ele retrata a vida desse fil?sofo e nos fornece informa??es sobre o
pitagorismo: uma comunidade religiosa assemelhada ao culto de mist?rios; o envolvimento de
seus participantes em assuntos pol?ticos e no governo no sul da It?lia; a exalta??o dada ?
m?sica (meio de purifica??o, de cura, recurso de estudo te?rico), ? ?tica (amizade, lealdade,
temperan?a, autocontrole, equil?brio interior), ? justi?a, e o ataque sofrido pelos pitag?ricos.
Ao final dessa biografia, J?mblico elabora um cat?logo com os nomes de duzentos e dezoito
homens e dezesseis mulheres, suposto(a)s pitag?rico(a)s de diversas nacionalidades. Tomando
como base essa biografia, lan?a-se a quest?o: at? que ponto, e em quais aspectos, esses
homens e mulheres citado(a)s por J?mblico podem realmente ser classificados como
pitag?rico(a)s? Tomaremos como elementos norteadores ? busca de respostas para nosso
problema central os seguintes objetivos (i) geral, identificar, quando poss?vel, quais dos
homens e mulheres listados no cat?logo de J?mblico podem ser considerados pitag?ricos, e
(ii) espec?ficos: (a) caracterizar as religi?es de mist?rios; (b) refletir sobre as semelhan?as
entre o culto de mist?rios e a escola pitag?rica; (c) desenvolver crit?rios que v?o definir o que
? ser um pitag?rico; (d) definir um pitag?rico; (e) identificar, se poss?vel, atrav?s dos nomes,
locais de nascimento, vidas, pensamentos, obras, estilo de vida, gera??o, etc., cada um dos
homens e mulheres listados por J?mblico; (f) destacar, no cat?logo, quem realmente poderia
ser considerado um(a) pitag?rico (a), ou se adequando a um ou v?rios crit?rios estabelecidos
em c, ou atendendo ao disposto no item d. Para dar conta de tais objetivos, realizamos uma
pesquisa bibliogr?fica valendo-se de fontes antigas que discutem o pitagorismo,
principalmente J?mblico (1986), Plat?o (2000/s.d.), Arist?teles (s.d.), e modernos estudiosos
desse movimento: Cameron (1938), Burnet (1955), Burkert (1972), Guthrie (1988/2003),
Barnes (1997), Khan (1999), Gorman (1979), Matt?i (2000), Kirk, Raven & Shofield (2005),
e Fossa (2006/2010). Os resultados de nossa pesquisa mostram que, se utilizarmos as raras
informa??es acerca de poucos desse(a)s suposto(a)s homens e mulheres catalogado(a)s por
J?mblico, e se aplicarmos sobre eles os crit?rios e a defini??o por n?s anteriormente
estabelecidos sobre o que vem a ser um pitag?rico, ? poss?vel supor que a lista elaborada por
J?mblico pode estar constitu?da por alguns homens e mulheres que possu?am um modo de
vida e um interesse por determinados assuntos caracteristicamente pitag?ricos
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.ufrn.br:123456789/14334 |
| Date | 25 October 2010 |
| Creators | Silva, Josildo Jose Barbosa da |
| Contributors | CPF:13056476453, http://lattes.cnpq.br/2466525106349625, Assis Neto, Fernando Raul de, CPF:03259781404, http://lattes.cnpq.br/2343862670428432, Erickson, Glenn Walter, CPF:34302575400, Mendes, Iran Abreu, CPF:12432962249, http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4704236U8, Morey, Bernadete Barbosa, CPF:59616571834, http://lattes.cnpq.br/7554818862651491, Melo, Severino Barros de, CPF:12601799404, http://lattes.cnpq.br/0026299625210675, Fossa, John Andrew |
| Publisher | Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Educa??o, UFRN, BR, Educa??o |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRN, instname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, instacron:UFRN |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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