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dissertação Gabriel Perez.pdf: 2520774 bytes, checksum: 8d237221f377fc5cb39c0d149e892a38 (MD5) / Faperj / Colégio Cruzeiro, CRUZEIRO, Brasil / A imigração de brasileiros no Suriname é um fenômeno relativamente recente que
começou a ser percebido em meados dos anos 80, quando as primeiras modestas ondas de
migração, formadas sobretudo por garimpeiros e prostitutas, se instalaram principalmente no
interior do país. Estima-se que atualmente vivam na antiga Guiana Holandesa cerca de 16.000
brasileiros, concentrados particularmente na zona norte da capital Paramaribo, onde exercem
atividades diversas nos setores de mineração, prestação de serviços, comércio e prostituição.
Esta pesquisa se propõe a analisar as práticas e representações linguísticas de imigrantes
brasileiros residentes na capital do Suriname, país onde coexistem cerca de 20 línguas faladas
por distintas etnias, sendo o holandês a única com status de idioma oficial.
Por entender, assim como Calvet ([1999] 2004), que as práticas linguísticas e as
representações, ou seja, as imagens que os sujeitos constroem em torno das línguas, são não só
interdependentes, mas se relacionam com os contextos sociais, ideologias e relações de poder
nas quais estão inseridas, discuto neste trabalho os conceitos de mercado linguístico e violência
simbólica conforme Bourdieu ([1982] 1996) e, naturalmente, contextualizo a imigração
brasileira e apresento o panorama sociolinguístico observado no país, com ênfase na capital
Paramaribo.
A pesquisa in loco que constitui o corpus desta investigação demonstrou ainda que o
gênero dos falantes exerce forte influência sobre as práticas e, sobretudo, sobre as
representações linguísticas dos sujeitos, o que apontou para a necessidade de se discutir as
interações entre linguagem e essas duas categorias. Assim, o presente trabalho apresenta ainda
uma revisão bibliográfica das pesquisas sociolinguísticas mais relevantes que se dispuseram a
analisar tais relações, como as pioneiras contribuições variacionistas de Labov (1966, 1990),
Trudgill (1972) e Eckert (1989), os estudos centrados em contato linguístico de Piller &
Pavlenko (2001, 2006) e, ainda, as desconstruções de um emergente campo dos estudos da
linguagem, a linguística queer (LIVIA. A; HALL, K, 1997; BORBA, 2015). A reflexão teórica
aqui proposta visará a discutir não só como esses dois fatores afetam as escolhas dos falantes,
mas como os indivíduos constroem e afirmam seu gênero e outras identidades através da
linguagem. / The Brazilian immigration in Suriname is a relatively recent phenomenon that came into
prominence in the mid-80's, when the first modest waves of immigrants, most of them miners
and prostitutes, settled mainly in the countryside. Around 16,000 Brazilians are currently living
in the former Dutch Guiana, particularly in the northern part of the capital Paramaribo, where
they work mostly in retail, the service industry, mining and prostitution.
This research aims to analyze the language practices and representations of Brazilian
immigrants living in the capital of Suriname, where about 20 languages are spoken by different
ethnic groups and Dutch remains the only one with an official status.
In our understanding, language representations, that means, the images that speakers
have about languages, and language practices are, as defined by Calvet ([1999] 2004) not only
interdependent, but are also related to social contexts, ideologies and power relationships. Thus,
we discuss in this work the concepts of linguistic market and symbolic violence according to
Bourdieu ([1982] 1996) and contextualize the Brazilian immigration and the current
sociolinguistic panorama observed in the country, with an emphasis on the capital Paramaribo.
The data collected in the field research also demonstrated that the gender of the speakers
exerts a strong influence on their language practices and, above all, on their language
representations. These observations led to the discussion on the relationships between language
and gender. Thus, this work presents a bibliographical review of the most relevant
sociolinguistic researches that discussed these relations, such as the first contributions of Labov
(1966, 1990), Trudgill (1972) and Eckert (1989), the studies based on language contact by Piller
& Pavlenko (2001, 2006) and the deconstructions of an emerging field of language studies: the
Queer Linguistics (LIVIA. A; HALL, K, 1997; BORBA, 2015). The reflection on the theories
presented in this work aims to discuss not only how gender affects the speakers' choices, but
also how individuals construct and affirm their gender and other identities through language. / De immigratie van Brazilianen in Suriname is een vrij recent fenomeen en verscheen halfweg
de jaren 80. De eerste golf van migranten bestonden voornamelijk uit mijnwerkers en
prostituees die zich vestigden op het platteland in Suriname. Ongeveer 16.000 Brazilianen leven
momenteel in het voormalige nederlanstalige Guyana, hoofdzakelijk in het noordelijke deel van
de hoofdstad Paramaribo, waar ze voornamelijk werken in de kleinhandel, dienstensector, de
mijnindustrie en prostitutie.
Dit onderzoek richt zich op het analyseren van de taalgebruiken en representaties van
Braziliaanse immigranten die leven in de hoofdstad van Suriname, waar ongeveer 20 talen
gesproken worden door verschillende etnische groepen waarvan het Nederlands de enige taal
is met een officiële status.
Taalrepresentaties, d.i. het beeld dat sprekers hebben over een taal, en taalgebruiken worden
door Calvet (1999, 2004) gedefinieerd als niet alleen onderling afhankelijk, maar gerelateerd
tot de sociale context, ideologieën en krachtige relaties. Om deze reden onderzoeken we in dit
werk de concepten van de taalkundige markt en het symbolisch geweld dat daarmee gepaard
gaat volgens Bourdieu ([1982] 1996). Verder onderzoeken we ook de Braziliaanse immigratie
en het huidig sociolinguistisch panorama dat geobserveerd wordt in het land, met de nadruk op
de hoofdstad Paramaribo.
De data dat werd verworven door het veldwerk toont ons dat de gender van de spreker een
sterke invloed uitoefent op de taalgebruiken en bovenal op de taalrepresentatie. Deze
observaties brengen ons naar de discussie van de relatie tussen taal en gender. Omwille van die
reden focust dit werk zich op een bibliografische kijk op de meest relevante, sociolinguïstieke
onderzoeken die deze relaties reeds aangehaald hebben. We kijken naar de eerste bijdragen van
Labov (1966, 1990), Trudgill (1972) en Eckert (1989) en alsook de studies die gebaseerd zijn
op taal contact door Piller en Pavlenko (2001,2006) en ook de bijdragen van een opkomend
gebied van taalstudies: Queer linguistics (LIVIA. A; HALL, K, 1997; BORBA, 2015). De
theorieën die we aanhalen in dit werk brengen ons naar de discussie hoe het geslacht van de
spreker zijn keuzes beïnvloedt, maar ook hoe individuen hun geslacht en andere identiteiten
vormen en bevestigen door middel van taal.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:https://app.uff.br/riuff:1/5116 |
| Date | 06 November 2017 |
| Creators | Perez, Gabriel Mendes Hernandez |
| Contributors | Couto, Hildo Honório do, Savedra, Mônica Maria Guimaraes |
| Publisher | Niterói |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFF, instname:Universidade Federal Fluminense, instacron:UFF |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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