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Previous issue date: 2009-10-28 / Tuberculosis is considered one of the most ancient human diseases, cases were registered 3900 years before Christ, and it is currently regarded as a serious public health problem in the
world due to several factors such as income mismanagement, precarious standard of life and some sort of prejudice comprised by the word tuberculosis. Taking this into consideration, it
was developed a descriptive and exploratory study aiming at analyzing the social representations of tuberculosis made by its patient from the Unidades de Sa?de da Fam?lia (Family Health Units a public health program) in Campina Grande City PB, in relation to the decentralization of the policies that administrate the disease. It was interviewed 34 tuberculosis patient that were being treated from 2007 to 2008. The age group of the
interviewees varied from 10 to 60 years old, but most of them were between 36 and 60 years old (58,8%, n=20), some were young adult and adult (21 35 years old), with 11 (32,3%)
respondents, and, less frequent, children and teenagers (11 20 years old), with 03 (8,8%) participants. Data was collected through semi-structured interview. The questions that guided
the research were elaborated based on the operational recommendations of DOTS strategy; that is: access to laboratory examinations; medication guarantee; directly observed treatment. Besides that, the experiences of the patient were considered in their relation with the family
and the different social groups. The analysis of the discursive material was submitted to the Analyse Lexicale par Context d un Ensemble de Segments de Texte software - ALCESTE 4.7.
Data interpretation showed five categories for the social representations of the tuberculosis patient that participated in DOTS strategy: 1) the accessibility of the health assistance service; 2) the patient perspective of the disease; 3) the change in the operation of the productive life;
4) the signals and symptoms of the tuberculosis disease; 5) the rearrangement and mechanisms used to face the disease. The Central Nucleus reveals that tuberculosis is a transmissible disease that can be prevented by people through educational practices, health promotion, active search for symptomatic respiratory and control of the carriers communication; these mechanisms should be incorporated to the routine of all participants of the family health groups. The Intermediate Elements, based on quotidian life, as well as the individual experiences of the tuberculosis patient, reveals prejudiced attitude and beliefs that lead to isolation and restriction of interpersonal relationship. Peripheral Elements were constituted by themes that showed the patient feelings of indignation because of the social barriers they had to face in the Family Health Units during the treatment. These elements demonstrate a negative perspective of the representation concerning the accessibility, i.e. inadequate structure of the health service; long distance to the Health Centre, this factormakes it difficult for the patient to continue the treatment; scheduling delay; and limited service regarding other requests (doctor, dentist etc). One expects to contribute for the construction of a new perspective of the health question between the different agents who make the assistencial institutions and formation of professionals, either in central or local scope / A tuberculose, considerada uma das mais antigas doen?as que acometem a humanidade, cujos registros datam desde o ano 3900 antes de Cristo, atualmente constitui-se, no cen?rio mundial, como um grave problema de sa?de p?blica, reflexo da m? distribui??o de renda e conseq?ente precariedade das condi??es de vida, dentre outros fatores. Nesse sentido, desenvolveu-se um estudo explorat?rio e descritivo, com o objetivo de analisar as representa??es sociais da tuberculose pelos usu?rios das Unidades de Sa?de da Fam?lia do Munic?pio de Campina Grande-PB, frente ? descentraliza??o das a??es de controle da doen?a. Entrevistou-se 34 doentes de Tuberculose que realizaram tratamento no per?odo de 2007 a 2008. A faixa et?ria dos entrevistados variou entre 10 e 60 anos, com predom?nio dos 36 aos 60 (58,8%, n=20); em seguida, adulto jovem e adulto (21- 35 anos), com 11 (32,3%) respondentes e, em menor freq??ncia, a faixa correspondente a crian?as e adolescentes (11-20 anos), com 03 (8,8%) participantes. Os dados foram coletados atrav?s de entrevista semi-estruturada. As quest?es norteadoras foram elaboradas com base nas recomenda??es operacionais propostas pela Estrat?gia DOTS, a saber: acesso aos exames laboratoriais; garantia de medicamentos; tratamento diretamente observado. Al?m disso, foram consideradas as experi?ncias do usu?rio nas rela??es familiares e com os diferentes grupos sociais. A an?lise do material discursivo foi submetida ao software Analyse Lexicale par Context d un Ensemble de Segments de Texte - ALCESTE 4.7. A interpreta??o dos dados apontou cinco categorias tem?ticas em que est?o organizadas as representa??es sociais relacionadas aos doentes de tuberculose atendidos na estrat?gia DOTS: 1) A acessibilidade sobre o atendimento nos servi?os de sa?de; 2) A doen?a entendida pelos usu?rios; 3) A mudan?a de funcionamento na vida produtiva; 4) Os sinais e
sintomas de estar doente com tuberculose; 5) Os rearranjos e mecanismos de enfrentamento. O N?cleo Central evidenciou a compreens?o da tuberculose como uma doen?a transmiss?vel
que pode ser prevenida atrav?s de pr?ticas educativas, promo??o da sa?de, busca ativa de sintom?ticos respirat?rios, controle dos comunicantes; mecanismos que devem estar
incorporados ? rotina de atividades de todos os membros das equipes de sa?de da fam?lia. Os Elementos Intermedi?rios, ancorados no cotidiano, e experi?ncias individuais dos doentes de tuberculose, apontam quest?es relacionadas a atitudes e cren?as circundadas pelo preconceito, levando ao isolamento, bem como ? restri??o dos relacionamentos interpessoais. Os
Elementos Perif?ricos foram constitu?dos por temas cercados por sentimentos de indigna??o do doente de tuberculose frente ?s barreiras encontradas nas Unidades B?sicas de Sa?de da
Fam?lia durante o tratamento. Estes elementos denotam um conte?do negativo da representa??o quanto ? acessibilidade, a saber: estrutura inadequada dos servi?os de sa?de; dist?ncia para o Centro de Refer?ncia (Centro de Sa?de), o que dificulta a continuidade do atendimento; demora no agendamento e resultados dos exames; limita??o dos servi?os em responder a outras demandas (m?dico, dentista, entre outras). Espera-se contribuir para a constru??o de uma nova perspectiva da quest?o sa?de entre os diferentes agentes que fazem as institui??es assistenciais e de forma??o de profissionais, seja em ?mbito central ou local.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.ufrn.br:123456789/14693 |
| Date | 28 October 2009 |
| Creators | Clementino, Francisco Sales |
| Contributors | CPF:04960360330, http://lattes.cnpq.br/9242337504601387, Nogueira, Jordana de Almeida, CPF:05690263850, http://lattes.cnpq.br/8338527087554463, Enders, Bertha Cruz, CPF:25444816415, http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4781295D6&dataRevisao=null, Arc?ncio, Ricardo Alexandre, CPF:21626211850, http://lattes.cnpq.br/9149546439669346, Miranda, Francisco Arnoldo Nunes de |
| Publisher | Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Enfermagem, UFRN, BR, Assist?ncia ? Sa?de |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRN, instname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, instacron:UFRN |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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