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Previous issue date: 2011-03-15 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / Resistance of Plasmodium falciparum to the usual antimalarials, as well as their adverse
effects and high cost, has led to the search of new drugs against malaria. Several of these have
been developed from medicinal plants based on ethnopharmacology, including the most
widely used antimalarials today: quinine and artemisinin. In the present study schizonticide
activity of extracts and fractions of a number of medicinal plants from the Caatinga and
Amazon biomes were assessed based on ethnopharmacological and chemosystematic
information. These included Ximenia americana, Maytenus rigida, Sideroxylon obtusifolium,
Stryphnodendro coriaceum, Bowdichia virgiliodes, Schinopis brasiliensis and Picrolemma
sprucei, the last, an Amazon species. Antimalarial tests of blood schizonticides were
conducted in Swiss mice infected with P. berghei and in vitro against P. falciparum. In vitro
cytotoxicity studies were carried out using HeLa, CHO, 3T3, Raw and HEPG2 cell lines.
Except for X. americana, all species exhibited in vivo or in vitro antimalarial activity,
inhibiting parasitic growth by up to 79%. Extracts exhibited moderate toxicity with dosedependent
kinetics. In this sense, ethnopharmacological and chemosystematic approaches
were shown to be useful and promising tools in the search of new drugs. These findings
represent a significant contribution to scientific knowledge of the antimalarial potential of
Brazilian flora, thereby opening perspectives for the development of new antimalarials / A resist?ncia do Plasmodium falciparum aos antimal?ricos usuais, bem como os seus
efeitos adversos e custo elevado, tornam necess?ria a busca de novos medicamentos contra a
mal?ria. Diversos f?rmacos foram descobertos a partir de plantas medicinais com base na
etnofarmacologia, inclusive os antimal?ricos mais usados atualmente; quinina e artemisinina.
Neste trabalho foi avaliada a atividade esquizonticida de extratos e fra??es de algumas plantas
medicinais dos Biomas da Caatinga e Amaz?nico a partir de um referencial
etnofarmacol?gico e de quimiossistem?tica. S?o elas: Ximenia americana, Maytenus rigida,
Sideroxylon obtusifolium, Stryphnodendro coriaceum, Bowdichia virgiliodes, Schinopis
brasiliensis e Picrolemma sprucei, sendo esta ?ltima, uma esp?cie amaz?nica. Os testes
antimal?ricos de esquizonticidas sangu?neos foram feitos em camundongos Swiss infectados
com P. berghei e in vitro contra o P. falciparum. Estudos de citotoxicidade in vitro foram
realizados utilizando as linhagens celulares HeLa, CHO, 3T3, Raw e HEPG2. A excess?o da
X. americana, todas as esp?cies apresentaram atividade antimal?rica in vivo ou in vitro,
inibindo o crescimento do parasito em at? 79%. Os extratos exibiram toxicidade moderada
com cin?tica de atividade dose-dependente. Nesse contexto, a abordagem etnofarmacol?gica
associada ao perfil quimiossistem?tico, se mostram ferramentas ?teis e promissoras na busca
de novos f?rmacos, permitindo contribuir significativamente para o conhecimento cient?fico
do potencial antimal?rico da flora brasileira e deste modo, abrir perspectivas para o
desenvolvimento de novos antimal?ricos
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.ufrn.br:123456789/13074 |
| Date | 15 March 2011 |
| Creators | Oliveira, Aline Mylena Guedes da Costa |
| Contributors | CPF:59626305487, http://lattes.cnpq.br/4863082845974813, Brand?o, Maria das Gra?as Lins, CPF:34375058404, http://lattes.cnpq.br/8771440875012178, Guedes, Paulo Marcos da Matta, CPF:02351506731, http://lattes.cnpq.br/5445410844075357, Andrade Neto, Valter Ferreira de |
| Publisher | Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Ci?ncias Biol?gicas, UFRN, BR, Biodiversidade; Biologia Estrutural e Funcional. |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRN, instname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, instacron:UFRN |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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