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Previous issue date: 2008 / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Nacional de Controle de Qualidade em Saúde / Os problemas associados à indústria têxtil provêm especialmente da utilização de corantes, visto que a maioria é recalcitrante e alguns apresentam caráter mutagênico e carcinogênico. Agências reguladoras relacionadas à saúde pública, incluindo a Vigilância Sanitária, devem atuar conjuntamente com outros segmentos voltados à saúde ambiental no intuito de reduzir ou eliminar os riscos provenientes deste setor. Deste modo vem sendo investigada à capacidade de fungos de descolorir e detoxificar diferentes tipos de corantes têxteis. Amostras de sedimentos de cinco igarapés na região de Manaus (AM) foram coletados com intuito de isolar fungos com capacidade de descolorir eficientemente os corantes Vermelho Reativo 198 (V198) e Azul Reativo 21 (A21). Os fungos isolados foram testados juntamente com fungos da Coleção de Microrganismos de Referência do INCQS, àqueles eficientes na descoloração foram avaliados na presença de outro corante, Azul Reativo 214 (A214) e da mistura dos 3 corantes (MXC). Os tratamentos foram avaliados toxicologicamente utilizando os ensaios ecotoxicológico com o microcrustáceo Daphnia pulex, de genotoxicidade com células sanguíneas (Ensaio Cometa) e de mutagenicidade com a bactéria Salmonella typhimurium(Teste de Ames). Os isolados de Manaus não foram considerados eficientes na descoloração, pois adsorveram o corante, ao contrário dos fungos da Coleção do INCQS, Penicillium simplicissimum INCQS 40211, e do fungo de referência Lentinula edodes INCQS 40220 [...] / The problems associated with the textile industry are especially due to the use of dyes, since the majority is recalcitrant and some of them might be mutagenic and carcinogenic. Regulatory agencies related to public health, including the Health Surveillance, must act jointly with other segments regarding environmental health in order to reduce or eliminate the risks from this sector. Thus the ability of fungi to decolorize and reduce the toxicity of different types of textile dyes have been investigated. Sediment samples of five igarapés of Manaus region – (AM) were collected in order to isolate fungi able to efficiently decolorize Reactive Red 198 (V198) and Reactive Blue 21 (A21). The fungal isolates were tested simultaneously with fungi from the Reference Collection of Microorganisms of INCQS. The fungi that efficiently decolorized the dyes were evaluated in the presence of another dye, Reactive Blue 214 (A214), and a mixture of the 3 dyes (MXC). The treatments were toxicologically evaluated using ecotoxicological test with the microcrustacean Daphnia pulex, genotoxicity test with blood cells (SGE – Assay Comet) and mutagenicity test with the bacteria Salmonella typhimurium (Ames Test). None of the fungi isolated from Manaus was efficient on decolorization without adsorbing the dye, differently of the fungi from the Culture Collection, Penicillium simplicissimum (INCQS 40211) and Lentinula edodes (INCQS 40220). Both showed complete decolorization of V198, A21, A214 and MXC. L. edodes reduced 93% of the toxicity of V198 and 95% of A21 with daphnia test and 60% of the genotoxicity the mixture MXC, however in other experiments evaluated by tests with daphniaand bacteria (Ames Test) the toxicity increased. P. simplicissimum reduced 87% of the toxicity of V198 and 94% of A21, but increased the toxicity of A214 and MXC with the daphnias. Genotoxicity was not detected in the treatments by this fungus, however with the bacteria all the treatments were cytotoxic and some of them also were mutagenic. Therefore, the fungi selected were efficient on dye decolorization, nevertheless the toxicological results demonstrated the great importance and need of decolorization studies to be associated withtoxicological tests to ensure risks reduced risks to the environment and the population health.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:www.arca.fiocruz.br:icict/9267 |
| Date | January 2008 |
| Creators | Bergsten-Torralba, Ludmila Rosa |
| Contributors | Vieira, Verônica Viana, Aiub, Cláudia Alessandra, Leitão, Viridiana Santana Ferreira, Silva, Manuela da, Silva, Manuela da |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da FIOCRUZ, instname:Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, instacron:FIOCRUZ |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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