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Essays on monetary economics

The thesis consists of three chapters:
Chapter 2 investigates, in the context of a two-country model with monopolistic
competition and price stickiness, the implications for macroeconomic stability
and the welfare properties of three distinct kinds of monetary policy arrangements:
(a)cooperative, (b) noncooperative and (c) monetary union. The cooperative first
best can be achieved if domestic inflation is set equal to zero in both countries at
all times. In the non cooperative equilibrium welfare is not maximized due to the
presence of beggar-thy-neighbor policies with the costs of non-cooperation increasing
with the degree of openness of the economy. A monetary unión is welfare-improving
relative to non cooperation only for countries that have strong trading links.
In chapter 3 (co-authored with Katharine Neiss), we investigate the propagation
mechanism of monetary shocks in an otherwise standard sticky price model, modified
to incorporate factor hoarding in the form of variable capital utilisation rates and
labour effort. In contrast, to previous studies, we find that real effects of monetary
shocks can be generated at relatively low degrees of nominal rigidities. Factor hoarding
enriches the propagation mechanism, by flattening the marginal cost responses
to monetary shocks. The assumption of labour hoarding is crucial for generating
persistence, while the assumption of variable capital utihsation allows us to generate
reahstic investment volatility without having to introduce capital adjustment costs.
Finally, Chapter 4 investigates whether monetary pohcy in a currency area should
stabilize an aggregate of inflation and output or whether it should take into account
the dispersion of these variables across regions when the currency area is characterized
by asymmetric shocks across regions and when participation constraints define
the set of feasible policies. We find that even if the two regions are identical, asymmetric
shocks might create asymmetric responses of regional variables. Participation
constraints introduce a trade-oíf between eíficiency and incentives in settings with
lack of a strong enforcement technology. In order to deal with incentive problems the
central bank has to manipulate the future consunption paths by adopting a more
expansionary policy with respect to regional productivity shocks.

Identiferoai:union.ndltd.org:TDX_UPF/oai:www.tdx.cat:10803/7597
Date22 November 2001
CreatorsPappa, Evi
ContributorsGalí, Jordi, 1961-, Universitat Pompeu Fabra. Departament d'Economia i Empresa
PublisherUniversitat Pompeu Fabra
Source SetsUniversitat Pompeu Fabra
LanguageEnglish
Detected LanguageEnglish
Typeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis, info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
Formatapplication/pdf
SourceTDX (Tesis Doctorals en Xarxa)
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