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Previous issue date: 2013-12-20 / Os esteroides sexuais influenciam o comportamento de vertebrados por meio de efeitos organizacionais e ativacionais. Estas a??es podem ocorrer em per?odos do desenvolvimento fetal, p?s-natal inicial e, ainda, durante a puberdade (efeito organizacional) ou alterando a express?o de padr?es comportamentais durante todas as fases da vida (efeito ativacional). Estudos sobre lateraliza??o no uso das m?os em primatas humanos e n?o humanos mostram que os horm?nios sexuais participam no processo de estabiliza??o da prefer?ncia manual que parece ocorrer a partir da puberdade e se mant?m na idade adulta. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar emCallithrix jacchus machos adultos se a estabiliza??o da for?a da prefer?ncia manual, independentemente da dire??o (efeito organizacional), ? influenciada pela varia??o dos andr?genos (efeito ativacional). O uso preferencial de uma ds m?os foi estudado em 14animais em dois contextos: (1) uso espont?neo das m?os em pegar o alimento; (2) durante o uso for?ado de uma das m?os para alcan?ar o alimento com restri??o produzida pelo uso de anteparo com um orif?cio central que permitia o uso de apenas uma das m?os. Os registros foram realizados durante a fase basal em 5 sess?es/20 registros cada para as duas atividades na fase basal (n=100) e ap?s dois tratamentos: (a) uso de 100?g do antagonista do horm?nio liberador de gonadotrofinas (GnRH), Cetrotide - acetate of cetrorrelix (Baxter Oncology GmbH, Germany) (n=10) em dose ?nica, em 10 animais; (2) uso de 0,2 mg do GnRH (Sigma - Aldrich) (n= 8; 4 deles receberam o antagonista entre 6-8 meses antes), nos dias 1, 2, 7, 15 e 30 dias/20 registros em cada, totalizando 100 episodes para cada contexto ap?s os tratamentos. A partir destes registros foi calculado o ?ndice de lateraliza??o absoluto em rela??o apenas a for?a e o ?ndice do desvio de lateralidade para direita ou esquerda. A coleta de fezes para dosagem dos andr?genos fecais foi realizada durante os dias de coleta dos registros de uso da m?o na fase basal e ap?s os dois tratamentos. A an?lise estat?stica utilizou o modelo de efeitos mistos e o teste de Tukey para comparar as diferen?as entre as m?dias dos dois tratamentos, e o teste de Levene de vari?ncia das m?dias, todos para o p-valor de < 0,05. Na fase basal 6 animais usaram preferencialmente a m?o direita, 5 a esquerda e 3 se mostraram ambidestros. As m?dias dos ?ndices de lateraliza??o da fase basal diferiram daquelas ap?s os tratamentos, a partir do dia 7. A vari?ncia das m?dias dos ?ndices de lateraliza??o antes e ap?s a aplica??o dos tratamentos para a atividade espont?nea e a for?ada n?o apresentaram diferen?as significativas, mas o tratamento com o GnRH aumentou significativamente o ?ndice em rela??o ao tratamento com o seu antagonista. Estes resultados sugerem que os andr?genos possuem um efeito ativacional sobre a prefer?ncia manual em machos adultos de C. jacchus. / The role of steroids hormones on the behavior of vertebrates have been described
as organizational and activational effects. These actions occur in different periods
of the ontogenetic development as fetal, early post natal and during puberty
(organizational effect) or modifying the expression of behavioral patterns during
time life (activational effects). Studies on brain lateralization in hand use in
human and non-human primates have shown that sexual hormones seems to
participate in the process of handedness strength that begins in the puberal period
and is stabilized at the adult age. The aim of this study was to investigate in adult
male Callithrix jacchus if the strength of use of the hand in common marmoset
adult male is stable (organizational effect) or androgens variations could affect its
stability (activational effect). The preferential use of one hand in 14 common
marmoset (Callithrix jacchus was studied in two contexts: (1) spontaneous
holding food and directing the food to mouth (feeding episodes), and (2) forced
reaching food tests where the animal have to reach the food through a hole within
a cover plate with a central hole that allow the use of one hand only to reach the
food. The records were made during 5 sessions/20 bouts each during baseline
totalizing 100 episodes before two treatments. Firstly it was used GnRH
antagonist: a single subcutaneous injection of 100?g de Cetrotide ? acetate of
cetrorrelix (Baxter Oncology GmbH, Germany) (n=10). Secondly, a single
GnRH injection of 0.2mg of GnRH (Sigma ? Aldrich) (n= 8) was used. After
injections 20 successful attempts of hand use episodes was recorded in the 1st
,
2
nd, 7th, 15th
and 30
th days, totalizing in the whole period 100 episodes for each
context, after both treatments. Fecal sampling to measure extracted fecal
androgens was performed in all days of data collection across the length of the
basal and during the experimental periods. Statistical analysis by mixed model,
Tukey test to compare mean values after the two treatments, and Levene test to
compare mean variance were used, all for p-value < 0.05. In basal phase 6
animals used preferentially the right hand, 5 the left and 3 were ambidextrous.
Mean handedness index in basal phase were different from that after both
treatment starting at 7th day. Mean variance of handedness index for spontaneous
and forced activities does not differs before and after both treatments but the
mean values for GnRH index were higher than that observed for its antagonist.
These findings suggested that androgens have an activational effect on
handedness in adult male C. jacchus
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:IBICT/oai:repositorio.ufrn.br:123456789/19496 |
| Date | 20 December 2013 |
| Creators | Tadewald, B?rbara Pinheiro Maia Cavalcanti |
| Contributors | 06705430478, http://lattes.cnpq.br/8488760386226790, Silva, H?lderes Peregrino Alves da, 46662243434, http://lattes.cnpq.br/5030620900929292, Tomaz, Carlos Alberto Bezerra, 03275639234, http://lattes.cnpq.br/2576531891879144, Sousa, Maria Bernardete Cordeiro de |
| Publisher | Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, PROGRAMA DE P?S-GRADUA??O EM PSICOBIOLOGIA, UFRN, Brasil |
| Source Sets | IBICT Brazilian ETDs |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
| Source | reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFRN, instname:Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, instacron:UFRN |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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