Syfte: I denna litteraturstudie var syftet att undersöka potentiella amblyopibehandlingar samt deras effektivitet utifrån kliniska studier. Metod: Avancerade sökningar gjordes i PubMed mellan 16 och 19 april 2023. Inklusionskraven för denna litteraturstudie var att det var en klinisk studie, studien fanns i fulltext, språket var svenska eller engelska samt att de publicerades mellan årtalen 2000 och 2023. Kraven för relevant innehåll var att det handlade om behandlingsalternativ för amblyopi som inte vanligtvis används i vården idag. Studier som inte uppfyllde kraven om relevant innehåll exkluderades. Resultat: 42 studier granskades med sex identifierade kategorier av behandlingsalternativ: dichoptic binocular training, akupunktur, farmakologi, perceptuell inlärning, aktiv monokulär terapi och low-level laser therapy. Effektiviteten av behandlingarna varierar starkt mellan kategorierna. Av de granskade är dichoptic binocular training mest sannolik att användas som komplement till vedertagen behandling. Slutsats: Inga av dessa amblyopi behandlingar kan ersätta vedertagen behandling. Det är mer sannolikt att vissa av dem kan användas som komplement efter att fler kliniska prövningar utförts och metodiken fastställts. / Aim: The aim of this literature study was to investigate novel amblyopia treatments and their effectiveness based on clinical studies. Method: The literature study is based on PubMed searches made between the 16th and 19th of April 2023. The inclusion criteria of the reviewed studies were as follows: it was a clinical trial, available in full text, in Swedish or English, published between 2000 and 2023, and had relevant content. To be included as relevant content, the study had to be discussing treatment options not used in healthcare as a treatment option outside of clinical trials. Studies that did not fulfil the criteria of relevance were excluded. Result: Forty-two studies were reviewed with six identified categories of non-conventional treatment options: dichoptic binocular training, acupuncture, pharmacological, perceptual learning, active monocular therapy, and low-level laser therapy. The effectiveness of the treatments varies greatly between the categories. Of the reviewed studies, dichoptic binocular training is most likely to be used as an adjunct to treatments that are already established. Conclusion: Despite the fact that many trials have shown positive results in terms of improvement in visual acuity, none of them seem promising enough to replace current treatments such as occlusion due to mixed results with respect to amblyopia resolution and long-term maintenance of the improved acuity. Some of these solutions are more likely to be available and used as a complement or in situations where established treatments are no longer working. Before they may be regarded as having potential for use in treatment, more clinical trials and studies are required in each area examined.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:UPSALLA1/oai:DiVA.org:lnu-121769 |
| Date | January 2023 |
| Creators | Bolander, Matilda, Westin, Johanna |
| Publisher | Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för medicin och optometri (MEO) |
| Source Sets | DiVA Archive at Upsalla University |
| Language | Swedish |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Student thesis, info:eu-repo/semantics/bachelorThesis, text |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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