När lärares undervisning blir påverkad av ett nationellt prov talar man om washbackeffekter av provet. Det är vad den här licentiatuppsatsen handlar om. Genom att studera svensklärares uppfattningar om det nationella läsförståelseprovet i kursen Svenska 1 på gymnasiet belyser studien vad som kan hända när nationell policy bestående av ett nationellt prov möter den lokala kontexten i form av enskilda lärares undervisning. I studien har arton gymnasielärare i svenska fått komma till tals genom intervjuer. Resultaten visar att det nationella läsförståelseprovet i Svenska 1 inte i någon nämnvärd utsträckning påverkar lärarnas undervisning. Detta beror dels på att lärarna uppfattar att undervisningen redan behandlar det som provet testar, dels på att lärarna inte anser att resultatet på provet är användbart vid betygsättningen. Lärarna uppfattar också att deras tolkningar av vad läsförståelse är skiljer sig från provkonstruktörens. Delvis kan detta bero på att lärarna saknar ett metaspråk för att tala om läsförståelse och bedömning av elevers läskompetens. Maria Larsson är verksam gymnasielärare i svenska och engelska vid Lugnetgymnasiet i Falun och har bedrivit forskarstudier på halvtid med start höstterminen 2013. Hon har ingått i forskarskolan Skolnära som är ett samarbete mellan Högskolan Dalarna och Karlstads universitet. / This study investigates the washback effects on teaching practices caused by the national test in the course Swedish 1 which was introduced in upper secondary school in 2011. The test consists of three parts; oral presentation, writing proficiency and reading comprehension. The focus of the study is on the washback effects of the reading comprehension test which is an entirely new type of test for upper secondary school in Sweden. The study draws on qualitative data from interviews with 18 teachers of Swedish in upper secondary school. The interviews were carried out in four focus groups and also in a series of four interviews with five individual teachers. The theoretical framework consists of Stephen Ball’s theory of policy enactment. In addition, theory about reading comprehension and an adaptation of Ivanič’s concept discourses of writing transferred into the context of reading are used in order to analyse data. The findings indicate that even though there seems to be substantial washback from the oral and the writing tests, the reading comprehension test does not seem to have affected reading instruction to any large extent. One reason seems to be that reading instruction already covers the contents of the test to a great extent. The teachers in the study also perceive that there is a discrepancy in the alignment between the results of the test and the assessment critera of the course, making it problematic to communicate the results to pupils and to relate them to the final grade. As the result of the test is not interpreted as being useful to the teachers they admit to paying little attention to the reading comprehension test. Furthermore, the teachers tend not to consider the test as an important indicator of pupils’ reading competence as they seem to oppose the notion that interpreting fiction is something that can be measured and objectively assessed according to preset standards. When talking about reading instruction the teachers seem to value most the type of reading which deals with basic values, gives new perspectives on what it means to be human and which encourages pupils to want to read more literature, a type of reading the test cannot offer. Findings also indicate that even though the teachers have adequate knowledge about the teaching of reading comprehension they seem to lack a metalanguage to talk about the different components it is made up of which affects how they perceive the national reading comprehension test.
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:UPSALLA1/oai:DiVA.org:du-27640 |
| Date | January 2018 |
| Creators | Larsson, Maria |
| Publisher | Högskolan Dalarna, Pedagogiskt arbete, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för pedagogiska studier (from 2013), Karlstad : Karlstads universitet |
| Source Sets | DiVA Archive at Upsalla University |
| Language | Swedish |
| Detected Language | English |
| Type | Licentiate thesis, monograph, info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis, text |
| Format | application/pdf |
| Rights | info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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