La recherche menée dans cette thèse porte sur les restes archéobotaniques mis au jour dans le Cimetière I de Pachacamac par le Projet Ychsma ainsi que ceux découverts par Díaz et son équipe dans le cimetière 22 de Octubre d’Armatambo. Les contextes funéraires de ces deux sites correspondent à la culture Ychsma (10ème-15ème siècles). Cette recherche carpologique a pour but de répondre à trois questions de recherche: 1) Peut-on établir un modèle type de trousseau archéobotanique? Qu’en est-il des végétaux participant à la réalisation du paquet funéraire? 2) Quel(s) est (sont) le(s) critère(s) ayant pu avoir une influence sur les offrandes botaniques et les végétaux entrant dans la composition des paquets funéraires? A quel(s) niveau(x) se marque cette influence? 3) Qu’en est-il de la présence de taxons exogènes, particuliers ou présents dans un seul enterrement? Pour ce, j’ai analysé les restes archéobotaniques des deux sites de façon séparée et suivant les angles syn- et diachroniques. J’ai donc effectué des analyses en termes de présence/ absence et de fréquence des taxons dans les contextes funéraires en considérant les enterrements dans leur ensemble mais aussi en les séparant selon divers critères (âge, sexe et rang social relatif). Par la suite, j’ai comparé les résultats obtenus pour les deux sites. Je ne détaille pas ici les résultats de chaque analyse. Je me contente de mentionner les points principaux qui en sont ressortis, à savoir 1) qu’il ne semble pas y avoir eu une taxon-offrande type; 2) que des offrandes alimentaires apparaissent dans toutes les catégories établies; 3) d’autres facteurs (entre autres le rapport affectif aux défunts, la possible manipulation idéologique de ceux-ci par les vivants, le symbolisme des taxons, etc.) ont exercé une influence sur la présence des taxons; 4) que Gossypium barbadense était un élément type dans la réalisation des paquets funéraires. Cette recherche a eu pour conséquence l’apparition de nouvelles questions de recherche qui pourront être abordées ultérieurement sur base notamment d’un travail statistique et regroupant des échantillons de divers sites de la culture Ychsma. / The present investigation focuses on the archeobotanical remains discovered in Pachacamac’s Cemetery I by the Projet Ychsma, and Cemetery 22 de Octubre in Armatambo excavated by Díaz and her team. The funerary contexts of both sites pertain to the Ychsma culture (10th-15th centuries). The aim of this carpological investigation is to answer three questions: 1) Is it possible to establish a model of archaeobotanical grave goods? What about the plants that were used in the realisation of the bundles? 2) What is (are) the criterion (criteria) that could have influenced the archaeobotanical grave goods and the plants used in the making of the bundles? At what level(s) is this influence leaves its mark? 3) What about the presence of exogenous taxa or particular taxa or taxa which appear only in one tomb? In order to answer these questions, I analysed the archaeobotanical remains of each sites separately, using a syn- and diachronic perspective. I realised analyses in terms of presence/ absence, as well as frequency of taxa in the funerary contexts, by taking into account the burials as a whole, but also by separating them according to various criteria (age, sex, relative social ranking). Thereafter, I compared the results of both sites. I would not discuss the research results in detail here, but I will limit myself to mentioning the main conclusions: 1) it seems that there was no typical grave good taxon; 2) alimentary offering appear in all the categories; 3) other factor (among others the emotional connection to the deceased, the possible ideological manipulation of the dead by the living and the symbolism of the taxa) influenced the presence of taxa; 4) Gossypium barbadense was a typical taxon among the plants participating in the realisation of funerary bundles. This research has led to the appearance of new questions. By conducting statistical investigations and by gathering samples from various Ychsma sites, it will be possible to treat these new questions in the future. / Doctorat en Histoire, histoire de l'art et archéologie / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
| Identifer | oai:union.ndltd.org:ulb.ac.be/oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/220936 |
| Date | 03 December 2015 |
| Creators | Stellian, Tatiana |
| Contributors | Eeckhout, Peter, Warmenbol, Eugène, Polet, Caroline, Chevalier, Alexandre, Elliott, Michèle |
| Publisher | Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Université libre de Bruxelles, Faculté de Philosophie et Sciences sociales - Histoire, histoire de l'art et archéologie, Bruxelles |
| Source Sets | Université libre de Bruxelles |
| Language | French |
| Detected Language | French |
| Type | info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis, info:ulb-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis, info:ulb-repo/semantics/openurl/vlink-dissertation |
| Format | 266 full-text file(s): application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf | application/pdf |
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