Afhandling--Københavs universitet. / With a summary in English.

Магистерская работа посвящена систематизации терминологической системы молекулярной генетики агрономии и зоотехнии и созданию англо-русского глоссария терминологии данной области знания. В работе представлена теоретическая база исследования, включающая публикации в области терминоведения и терминографии; проведена классификация терминологической системы и описан алгоритм разработки глоссария. / The master's thesis is devoted to systematization of terminological system of molecular genetics in agronomy and zootechnics and development of English-Russian glossary of terminology in this field. The paper presents the theoretical basis of the study, including publications in the field of terminology and terminography; a classification of the terminological system is made and the algorithm for developing a glossary is described.

Proefschrift--Groningen. / With summary in English.

Radioactive waste repositories, designed in accordance with the current UK concept, would be required to provide containment for thousands of years beneath hundreds of metres of rock. The physical processes, both geological and other processes, that might lead to migration of radionuclides are slow in comparison to human timescales — it is impractical to make an experiment of the whole system and so these systems are typically investigated through the use of numerical models. Predictive models are based on combinations of: assumptions, mathematical formulations and parameter values derived from experimental observations. The Ventilation Experiment in the Opalinus Clay at Mont Terri, Switzerland, was designed to involve geological and other physical processes that would be active during the excavation and construction phases of a repository, and with consequences for the repository performance during the operational phase. The experiment consisted of a 10m long tunnel of 1:3m diameter through which air of known relative humidity was circulated in order to force drying and re-saturation through the tunnel wall. Two such cycles over four years have been observed via installed instrumentation. Several numerical models have been constructed of the ventilation experiment by different international teams under the decovalex project using different approaches for cross-validation. Through participation in this project, a 1D model using Richards’ Equation was developed that effectively reproduces the hydrodynamic, mechanical and conservative mass transport results. During the course of developing that model, many other domains, meshes, formulations and software versions were investigated. Now that the field scale Ventilation Experiment can be reproduced with numerical models, the findings (assumptions, formulations, parameter values, computational methods and software) would be transferable to other argillaceous formations to enable predictive modelling of similar scenarios and contribute to the safe disposal of nuclear waste and other problems involving similar geological processes. Work of this type fills the gap between laboratory scale experiments and regional scale modelling of geological systems. The gap is especially wide for low-permeability formations because the size and time-scale limitations effect the ability to make direct observations and measurements. Two particular problems were also addressed in this work: that of the use relative permeability functions and also the computational treatment of the physical interface between the tunnel domain and the rock domain. A sensitive component in many models of unsaturated flow through porous media and covering a wide variety of applications, including reservoir engineering, is the representation of permeability at an unsaturated point (kx) as a scaling of the saturated permeability (ksat) by introducing some function of the pressure head, or saturation as the relative permeability (krel) in the relation kx = ksatkrel. The choice of the particular function and its parameter values adds little to our understanding of the physical parameters. A solution is proposed to the second problem, of how to computationally represent, implement and manage the interface between two physical (i.e. spatial) domains. The scheme maps every part of the boundary of one domain onto the corresponding part of the boundary of the other domain, storing the state variables in shared memory and converting between physical components.

No description available.

HSV1 vectors have previously been produced with the ability to direct long-term expression of a transgene within the nervous system. These viruses have an arrangement of the latency promoter and enhancer regions LAP1 and LATP2 such that LATP2 exerts long-term expression onto LAP1 and an exogenous promoter at the same time, in a back-to-back fashion. To characterise the LATP2 region, two series of vectors were produced containing deletion mutations of the region placed in different orientations to LAP1 within the context of the original vectors. The vectors were tested in vitro and in vivo in the PNS and a potentially repressive region within LATP2 was identified. The enhancer activity of the region was also localised to a defined area. As the HSV1 genome is associated with histones and modification of these is a method of transcriptional control, histone modification could be one mechanism that the virus uses to keep the LAT region active during latency. This was investigated by examining the acetylation of histones associated with the LAT region, including LATP2, at lytic and latent timepoints in an in vitro system by ChIP assay. These studies found that although no significant differences in acetylation at different loci of LATP2 was found, the LAT regulatory region generally appears to be more associated with hyperacetylated histones during latency than non-LAT promoters and that this increased acetylation is conferred onto an exogenous promoter when placed within the LAT region. The findings in this thesis should provide insight into the functioning of the LAT region and may allow the development of improved HSV1 vectors for gene therapy in the nervous system.

Background: Attentional biases for trauma-relevant information are consideredto be a feature of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, there has beenno systematic review of the published literature into attentional biases across arange of experimental paradigms.Methods: A systematic search of four key databases identified 30 papers meetingthe inclusion criteria. Methodological quality of selected articles was assessedusing an adapted checklist. The tasks employed in the studies were assigned arating of either �yes�, �no�, or �mixed�, depending on the reported evidence fora specific attentional bias effect.Results: A specific attentional bias was found in only 19 of 37 tasks. Whenattentional biases were found they tended to occur at post-recognition stages ofprocessing and to be interference effects, rather than facilitative effects.Limitations: There were common weaknesses across studies, includingunrepresentative participant samples and inappropriate comparison stimuli andparticipant groups. Furthermore, it is difficult to identify the relative contributionof automatic and strategic processes in ranging cognitive paradigms.Conclusions: Attentional biases in PTSD are not reliably found in publishedresearch employing a range of experimental tasks. Future research needs to becarefully designed to clarify the existence and exact nature of attentional biasesin PTSD.Keywords: Attention bias, posttraumatic stress disorder, emotional Stroop, dotprobe,visual search, affective Stroop.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.