Orientador: Elcio Junior Marcantonio / Co-orientador: Fausto Frizzera Borges Filho / Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar em humanos a preservação do contorno do tecido ósseo e gengival após a exodontia e enxertia com matriz de colágeno suíno (mucograft), membrana de colágeno (suíno) e osso bovino desproteinizado associado a colágeno suíno (collagen). Foram selecionados 6 pacientes provenientes da clínica da Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara que possuíam um pré-molar, canino ou incisivo superior indicado para exodontia e que apresentaram defeito ósseo vestibular. Todos os alvéolos receberam enxerto com matriz de colágeno suíno, membrana de colágeno e osso bovino desproteinizado acrescido de colágeno. Os dados clínicos e fotográficos foram coletados ao início do estudo, aos 7, 15, 30 e 120 dias após o procedimento cirúrgico. Foram realizados exames clínicos referentes ao aspecto da área operada, altura e espessura de gengiva queratinizada, nível gengival, biotipo gengival, assim como mensurações digitais da altura de margem gengival, e das papilas mesial e distal. Para verificação da estrutura óssea e gengival inicial e após os enxertos foram realizados exames tomográficos no início do estudo e após quatro meses do procedimento cirúrgico inicial. Os resultados mostraram que a técnica promoveu um ganho de osso vestibular, dessa forma foi concluído que a manutenção do alvéolo com a associação da matriz de colágeno suíno, membrana de colágeno e osso bovino desproteinizado promoveu boa estabilidade do volume do alvéolo com aumento do osso associado a parede ve... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: To evaluate in vitro the primary stability of short and conventional sized implants with different platform types and bone densities. Material and methods: 120 implants were installed in polyurethane blocks wich simulate different bone densities (bone type I and IV). The implants were divided into 10 groups according to the type of prosthetic connections (external hexagon, and morse taper) and size of the implants (conventional, short, and short-modified). Insertion torque and resonance frequency analyzes were performed. The Kruskal- Wallis test complemented by Dunn test and the Mann-Whitney test were used for statistical analysis and were applied at the confidence level of 95 % (p < 0.05). Results: The implants inserted in the blocks with density type IV had lower insertion torque than the implants placed in the blocks with density type I. Implants with conventional external hexagon had lower insertion torque than the short, and short- modified implants with cone morse taper. Additionally, when the implants with conventional external hexagon and modified morse taper were used, the resonance frequency was higher in the block with bone density I. It was also showed that the short implants with morse taper had higher resonance frequency values than the short- modified implants with morse taper implants when the implants were placed in the blocks with bone density type IV. Conclusion: Short implants have primary stability equivalent to conventional implants regardless of platform type and density of the surgical site. Activities to be undertaken it still runs the analize of short implants with 6mm in length (IC6HE groups, IC6CM, ICM6HE and ICM6CM). It will increase...(Complete abstract electronic access below) / Mestre

Tese de mestrado. Engenharia Biomédica. Universidade do Porto. Faculdade de Engenharia. 2011

No description available.

Trabajo de Investigación Requisito para optar al Título de Cirujano Dentista / Actualmente el número de pacientes adultos que demanda tratamiento ortodóncico aumenta. Una de las principales características en la dentición de estos pacientes es la migración dentaria patológica (MDP) producto de la enfermedad periodontal, afectando la calidad de vida de la población. Un adecuado tratamiento ortodóncico luego del control de la infección periodontal puede corregir este problema, sin embargo, aún no existe un protocolo probado clinicamente de tratamiento ortodóncico para pacientes con periodonto disminuido. En esta investigación se analizó desde un punto de vista clínico el estado periodontal de pacientes con MDP y periodonto disminuido durante el tratamiento ortodóncico bajo protocolo para estos pacientes luego de su tratamiento periodontal Material y método: Se realizó un estudio experimental, tipo ensayo clínico no controlado. Muestra de 16 pacientes sanos, ya tratados periodontalmente, y con MDP. En terapia de soporte periodontal, se realizó tratamiento ortodóncico con cementación de brackets según nivel óseo remanente usando fuerzas leves e intermitentes. Se registraron los parámetros clínicos periodontales de profundidad de sondaje, recesión gingival, nivel de inserción clínica, índice de placa y sangrado al sondaje al momento del alta periodontal y a los 18 meses de iniciado el tratamiento ortodóncico por el mismo clínico previamente calibrado. Resultados: No hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la profundidad de sondaje. Sólo se observó una variación estadísticamente significativa en recesión gingival y en el nivel de inserción clínica, sin embargo irrelevante. Se presentó un aumento en el índice de placa y una disminución en la frecuencia de sangrado al sondaje. El protocolo ortodóncico utilizado no cambia los parámetros clínicos de salud periodontal obtenidos al finalizar su tratamiento previo periodontal. Conclusiones: La MDP puede ser resuelta con el protocolo ortodóncico utilizado en este estudio, sin generar nueva pérdida de inserción clínica y conservando la salud periodontal lograda al momento del alta periodontal previo a la ortodoncia. Sin embargo, debe estar acompañado por una buena higiene oral. / Adscrito a Proyecto FIOUCH 13-011 Tratamiento ortodóncico en pacientes adultos con periododonto disminuido y migración pataológica. Evidencia clínica, imagenológica y molecular de estabilidad periodontal.

Includes bibliographical references.

Recently, we discovered patients with inherited adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency are predisposed to pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP). PAP is characterized by the accumulation of surfactant in the alveoli. To overcome ethical issues and limited patient samples, animal models are often utilized. Here, I investigated the lung abnormalities in ADA deficient (ADA -/-) mice, which suffer from severe hypoxia, till their death at 3 weeks. I hypothesized that, similar to ADA-deficient patients, ADA -/- mice demonstrate evidence of PAP. Indeed, electron microscopy showed thickening of type I cells, accumulation of apoptotic foamy alveolar macrophages, cholesterol and lipoproteinaceous material that is periodic-acid Schiff (PAS) positive and diagnostic of PAP. Moreover, the pulmonary abnormalities were corrected with supplementation of ADA. In conclusion, we demonstrated evidence of PAP in ADA -/- mice for the first time and their suitability to study pathogenesis of PAP in ADA deficiency.

Recently, we discovered patients with inherited adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency are predisposed to pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP). PAP is characterized by the accumulation of surfactant in the alveoli. To overcome ethical issues and limited patient samples, animal models are often utilized. Here, I investigated the lung abnormalities in ADA deficient (ADA -/-) mice, which suffer from severe hypoxia, till their death at 3 weeks. I hypothesized that, similar to ADA-deficient patients, ADA -/- mice demonstrate evidence of PAP. Indeed, electron microscopy showed thickening of type I cells, accumulation of apoptotic foamy alveolar macrophages, cholesterol and lipoproteinaceous material that is periodic-acid Schiff (PAS) positive and diagnostic of PAP. Moreover, the pulmonary abnormalities were corrected with supplementation of ADA. In conclusion, we demonstrated evidence of PAP in ADA -/- mice for the first time and their suitability to study pathogenesis of PAP in ADA deficiency.

No description available.

published_or_final_version / Dental Surgery / Master / Master of Dental Surgery

Hematopoietic cells of the myelomonocytic lineage play a central role in orchestrating both innate and adaptive immunity. They are important in the control of infectious agents and in the pathogenesis of diseases characterized by dysregulated immune response. Like allergic asthma in human patients, recurrent airway obstruction (RAO) of horses is a disease exemplified by chronic airway inflammation in the absence of infectious agents. However, unlike allergic asthma, RAO is marked by preponderance of neutrophils rather than eosinophils in the airways. Attempts to understand the immunological basis of RAO by studying lymphocytes produced equivocal results. This thesis examined the possible role of alveolar macrophages (AM) recovered from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in RAO. Since macrophages are predominantly derived from circulating monocytes, the thesis investigated first the phenotypic characteristics of circulating monocytes, second those of macrophages in vitro derived from monocytes, and finally attributes of AM derived in vivo. Flow cytometric analysis following antibody staining of monocytes from 61 horses showed that the clustering pattern of human leukocytes may not always be extrapolated to horses when using this technique since clusters of granulocytes often spill over into the monocyte population. The study showed that DH24A, a monoclonal antibody directed against CD90, which recognizes T cells in other species, will specifically recognize granulocytes in horses and was therefore used to separate neutrophils from monocytes during analysis. In addition, investigation of circulating monocytes showed that expression of the hemoglobin-haptoglobin receptor CD163 on circulating monocytes is significantly increased in horses with systemic inflammation when compared with healthy horses. Evaluating cytokine and chemokine production by macrophages, it was demonstrated that CD163+ macrophages preferentially expressed IL10 while CD163- macrophages showed predominant expression of CCL17. It was, therefore, concluded that CD163+ IL10-producing macrophages of horses are homologues of the alternatively activated anti-inflammatory macrophage subset of humans. Finally, probing of alveolar macrophages for CD163 and CD206 expression showed a significant reduction in the proportion of CD163+ macrophages in horses with RAO. These findings suggest that RAO is associated with a reduction in anti-inflammatory macrophages, an observation that may in part explain the chronic airway inflammation associated with this disease.