Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2005. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Thesis (M.Sc.)--University of Wollongong, 2005. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references: leaf 80-89.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2007. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.

Thesis (M.Sc. (Pharmacy))--Mahidol University, 1982.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1951.

Thesis (MSc.(Medical Microbiology)--Faculty of Health Sciences)-University of Pretoria, 2008. / Summary in English and Afrikaans. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.S.D.)--Indiana University School of Dentistry, 2010. / Title from PDF t. p. (viewed July 28, 2010) Advisor(s): Mychel Vail, Chair of the Research Committee, Richard Gregory, Joseph Legan, Kenneth Spolnik, Susan Zunt. Curriculum vitae. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 108-120).

Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-17T16:51:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015-05-29. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2016-05-17T16:54:18Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000860191.pdf: 1229013 bytes, checksum: d16d716da590068c25c2fbe7bdfdd03f (MD5) / Nas últimas décadas é crescente o número de infecções por enterobactérias oportunistas multidroga resistentes em animais domésticos e humanos, em geral secundárias ao uso abusivo de antimicrobianos, incluindo pelo gênero Proteus. No entanto, as infecções por linhagens do gênero Proteus em animais domésticos são negligenciadas, relegadas ao segundo plano ou, por vezes, o micro-organismo é considerado contaminante, ainda que em infecções como agente primário. Os registros de infecções por Proteus sp. em animais domésticos estão praticamente restritos aos relatos de casos, estudos retrospectivos ou compondo estudos com outros micro-organismos. São restritos no Brasil os estudos sistematizados envolvendo os principais aspectos clínico-epidemiológicos das afecções pelo gênero Proteus em grande número de animais domésticos, tampouco da presença de linhagens multirresistentes e/ou produtoras de beta-lactamases de espectro estendido (ESBL). O presente estudo investigou o índice de resistência múltipla (IRMA) e a concentração inibitória mínima (CIM) de 73 isolados de Proteus mirabilis (n=69) e Proteus vulgaris (n=4) a diferentes antimicrobianos, bem com a produção fenotípica de ESBL, em isolados obtidos de várias manifestações clínicas em animais domésticos. Em cães, o micro-organismo foi identificado predominantemente em casos de cistite (48,21%), enterite (21,42%), otite (14,29%), conjuntivite (3,57%), dermatite (1,79%), artrite (1,79%) e em secreção de ferida cirúrgica (1,79%). Nos bovinos, o agente foi isolado de casos enterite (22,22%), abscesso (11,11%), otite (11,11%), onfalite (11,11%), peritonite (11,11%), metrite (11,11%) e em fragmento de órgão (11,11%). Nos equinos, enterite (50,0%), artrite (22,22%) e abscesso (16,67%) foram as principais afecções clínicas, enquanto nos felinos o agente foi isolado exclusivamente de casos de enterite (100,0%). A maior sensibilidade dos isolados no... / In the last decades have been highlighted the increase number of infections in domestic animals and humans caused by opportunistic multidrug resistant enterobacteria, commonly associated to improper use of antimicrobials, including by Proteus species. However, Proteus infections in domestic animals have been misdiagnosed or the microorganism is considered a contaminant of microbiological cultures, besides to be a primary agent of diseases. Descriptions of Proteus infections in domestic animals usually are restricted to case reports, retrospective studies or part of studies involving other microorganisms. In Brazil, are restricted the comprehensive studies involving the main clinical and epidemiologic aspects of Proteus infections in a great number of domestic animals, as well as multiple drug resistant strains to conventional antimicrobials, and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producers (ESBL). The present study investigated multiple antibiotic resistance index, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and ESBL production in 73 strains of Proteus mirabilis (n=69) and Proteus vulgaris (n=4) isolated from different clinical manifestations in domestic animals. In dogs, the pathogen was identified most commonly causing cystitis (48.21), enteritis (21.42%), otitis (14.29%), conjuntivitis (3.57%), dermatitis (1.79%), arthritis (1.79%), and from surgical wound secretion (1.79%). In bovines, the microorganism occurred predominantly in enteritis (22.22%), abscesses (11.11%), otitis (11.11%), omphalitis (11.11%), peritonitis (11.11%), and in organ fragments (11.11%). Among equines, diarrhea (50.0%), arthritis (22.22%), and abscesses (16.67%) were the most common clinical manifestations, whereas in domestic cats the agent was identified exclusively in two cases of enteritis. In vitro standard disk diffusion method showed that the most effective antimicrobials against strains were imipenem (98.63), norfloxacin (95.89), amikacin (95.89), levofloxacin ...

This work reports on the synthesis, characterization and the physicochemical properties of novel unsymmetrically substituted zinc phthalocyanines: namely tris{11,19, 27-(1,2- diethylaminoethylthiol)-2-(captopril) phthalocyanine Zn ((ZnMCapPc (1.5)), hexakis{8,11,16,19,42,27-(octylthio)-1-(4-phenoxycarboxy) phthalocyanine} Zn (ZnMPCPc(1.7)) and Tris {11, 19, 27-(1,2-diethylaminoethylthiol)-1,2(caffeic acid) phthalocyanine} Zn ((ZnMCafPc (1.3)). Symmetrically substituted counterparts (tetrakis(diethylamino)zinc phthalocyaninato (3.8), octakis(octylthio)zinc phthalocyaninato (3.9) and tetrakis (carboxyphenoxy)zinc phthalocyaninato (3.10) complexes) were also synthesized for comparison of the photophysicochemical properties and to investigate the effect of the substituents on the low symmetry Pcs. The complexes were successfully characterized by IR, NMR, mass spectral and elemental analyses. All the complexes showed the ability to produce singlet oxygen, while the highest triplet quantum yields were obtained for 1.7, 1.5 and 3.9 (0.80, 0.65 and 0.62 respectively and the lowest were obtained for 1.3 and 3.10 (0.57 and 0.47 respectively). High triplet lifetimes (109-286 μs) were also obtained for all complexes, with 1.7 being the highest (286 μs) which also corresponds to its triplet and singlet quantum yields (0.80 and 0.77 respectively). The photosensitizing properties of low symmetry derivatives, ZnMCapPc and ZnMCafPc were investigated by conjugating glutathione (GSH) capped silver nanoparticles (AgNP). The formation of the amide bond was confirmed by IR and UV-Vis spectroscopies. The photophysicochemical behaviour of the novel phthalocyanine-GSH-AgNP conjugates and the simple mixture of the Ag NPs with low the symmetry phthalocyanines were investigated. It was observed that upon conjugation of the phthalocyanines to the GSH-AgNPs, a blue shift in the Q band was induced. The triplet lifetimes and quantum yields improved upon conjugation as compared to the phthalocyanines (Pc) alone. Complex 1.5 triplet lifetimes increased from 109 to 148 and triplet quantum yield from 0.65 to 0.86 upon conjugation. Fluorescence lifetimes and quantum yields decreased for the conjugates compared to the phthalocyanines alone, due to the quenching caused by the Ag NPs. The antimicrobial activity of the zinc phthalocyanines (complexes 1.3 and 1.5) and their conjugates against Escherichia coli was investigated. Only 1.3 and 1.5 complexes were investigated because of the availability of the sample. In general phthalocyanines showed increase in antibacterial activity with the increase in phthalocyanines concentration in the presence and absence of light. The Pc complexes and their Ag NP conjugates showed an increase in antibacterial activity, due to the synergistic effect afforded by Ag NP and Pcs. Improved antibacterial properties were obtained upon irradiation. 1.5-AgNPs had the highest antibacterial activity compared to 1.3-AgNPs conjugate; these results are in agreement with the photophysical behaviour. This work demonstrates improved photophysicochemical properties of low symm

This thesis reports on the syntheses of novel low symmetrically substituted Zn, Sn, Ge and Ti MPc complexes containing a single carboxylic or cysteinyl group available for attachments to MNPs. The complexes were extensively characterized by various techniques to ensure their purity. Various metallic nanoparticles consisting of silver (AgNPs), gold (AuNPs) as well as quantum dots (QDs) were successfully prepared and conjugated to the low symmetry phthalocyanine complexes. The conjugates were successfully characterized using many techniques. The Q-band maxima of the MPcs were observed at completely different wavelength regions depending on the nature of the substituents and the central metal used. Blue shifting of the Q band in the absorption spectra was observed for the complexes in the presence of AuNPs, while aggregation was observed in the presence of quantum dots. The complexes were successfully electrospun into polymer fibers for the antimicrobial inhibition of bacteria. The photophysical and photochemical properties of these complexes were extensively investigated. Higher triplet and singlet oxygen quantum yields were achieved for the Ge Pc complexes, with all the complexes giving reasonable singlet oxygen quantum yields. An enhancement in triplet and singlet oxygen quantum yields was observed for all the complexes in the presence of metal nanoparticles. However, the singlet oxygen quantum yields decreased for all the complexes when incorporated into electrospun fibers. The antimicrobial behaviour of the complexes was investigated against Bacillus Subtilis and Staphylococcus Aureus in solution and in the fiber matrix. High antimicrobial inhibitions were observed for the Ge complexes followed by the ZnPc derivatives. All the low symmetry ZnPc derivatives were conjugated to AgNPs and their antimicrobial behaviour was compared to their symmetrical counterparts. The best antimicrobial inhibition behaviour was observed for the low symmetry Pcs when compared to their symmetrical counterparts. In the absence and in the presence of AgNPs, axially ligated SiPc also showed better antimicrobial activity when it was compared to the unsubstituted ZnPc complex.