Thesis advisor: S Anukriti / This dissertation strives to understand the short and long-run consequences of armed conflict. In short-run, as conflict increases, parents are less likely to send their children to school or take them to health facilities and more likely to keep them home. Less time in school might translate to more time spent at work for these children. Coping with conflict can disrupt human capital accumulation of children and exposes them to adverse experiences, the effects of which can also last into adulthood. Some of the persistent effects of conflict on educational and health outcomes have been widely studied in the literature. Nevertheless, relatively less is known about how these childhood exposures affect adult behavior, beliefs, and attitudes. One of the goals of this dissertation is to study such long-lasting impacts of childhood exposure to conflict. In the first chapter, “Victims of Consequence: Evidence on Child Outcomes using Microdata from a Civil War”, joint with Giri Subramaniam, we study the short-run impacts of violent events on child time allocation, curative health-care, and education. Exploiting the spatial and temporal variation in exposure to local-level armed conflict, we find that an increase in violent events: (i) leads to an increase in contemporaneous hours worked by children, with the effect being substantial for agricultural work; (ii) decreases the likelihood of parents taking their children to visit a health-care facility to seek curative care; and (iii) results in a reduced likelihood of attending school, along with a decline in years of education. Overall, the results indicate that war affected schooling and time allocation of boys whereas girls were less likely to get curative health-care. The second chapter of this dissertation, “Do Adverse Childhood Experience Shape Violent and Abusive Adult Behavior?", is motivated by the fact that family violence is pervasive and has detrimental economic consequences. Nevertheless, very little is known about how childhood experiences influence this behavior. In this study, I explore long-run determinants of family violence by linking exposure to adverse circumstances in childhood to the perpetration of abuse and neglect in adulthood. In particular, I examine the effects of men’s exposure to the Nepalese Civil War (1996-2006) in childhood. Exploiting spatial and temporal variation in childhood exposure to the armed conflict from ages 0 to 16, I find that exposed men are less likely to perpetrate spousal violence and to display controlling behaviors. Additionally, children of exposed fathers are less likely to experience violent disciplining at home. They also work fewer hours per week and are less likely to be involved in dangerous working conditions. In the third chapter, “Exploring the Channels”, I study the potential mechanisms that underlie the empirical results established by Chapter 2. I find that exposed men are more likely to complete secondary schooling, be employed at skilled non-agricultural occupations, and marry women who are more likely to have completed primary school and currently working. The most pertinent channel is that these men are less likely to justify wife-beating in different scenarios. Next, I assess the implications of the empirical results on the theories of domestic violence. Existing theories highlight two broader motives for perpetrating domestic violence: “Expressive” and “Instrumental”. Violence is instrumental if it is used to extract resources from the victim whereas it is expressive if the perpetrator gains direct non- pecuniary (dis)utility from it. I find that my results resonate strongly with “Expressive” theories of domestic violence where men who were exposed to conflict in childhood find using violence at home distasteful. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2020. / Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: Economics.

The military uses architectural related theory and philosophy as a new academic language which helps them reconceptualize spaces in contemporary urban conflict zones. The IDF (Israeli Defense Forces) is mostly credited with starting this revolution in military strategic pedagogy, focusing on post modern theorists, but it has spread since the early 2000s. The new design oriented, architectural theory driven approach to war started to be adopted in a couple western Nations after Israel. Now it seems military design has spread throughout the world's military institutions. This emergence of a new design thinking amongst the militaries of the world coincides with the shift from the cold war into the global war on terror and in increase of nonlinear complexities. In some ways military aggression is seen as insurmountable without violence or diplomacy. However a citizen's architectural response to the military could be able to make their neighborhood more resilient to such easy reconceptualization. / 0 / SPK / specialcollections@tulane.edu

Includes bibliographical references (leaves 89-95). / How individuals respond to and handle conflict in the workplace is one of the growing areas of interest and concern among scholars and professionals working in a wide range of disciplines. However, prior work situated as an effort to understand how training people on conflict theory can manifest behavioral change in the workplace is rare. Few published works exist on identifying the behaviors associated with developing constructive conflict handling skills in the workplace. South African institutions need a solution to the widespread challenge of developing their employees' conflict handling skills. In South Africa, these are considered 'life skills.' To address the gap in theoretically supported business education curricula, this evaluation study seeks to explore the link between the constructs of self-awareness and cooperative conflict. The primary aim of this study is to gain a sense of learner's current level of self-reported conflict handling skills and then measure whether the Insights into Lifeskills Project curriculum facilitates the transition to more complex levels. These measures are taken through the use of a primary survey instrument. Additionally, through a process of balancing the program curriculum with the South African National Qualifications Framework, this study explores and measures how participants make vital connections between theory and practice. Post results of a six-week utilization-focused intervention construct an argument that individuals oriented to these constructs are better able to regulate conflict in the workplace through exercising self-awareness and cooperative conflict skills. As a result of explicit instruction in self-awareness skills and conflict response styles, during the period of February 2009 to April 2009, findings report that the Volunteer Participants of the workplace targeted intervention showed pronounced gains in their ability to handle conflict constructively. The twenty-seven Volunteer Participants of the targeted teams were identified for their experience in high levels of interpersonal workplace conflict. The participant-managers of these teams all shared a desire to develop their team's conflict handling skills. The study's Volunteer Participants are professionals of both functional and management designations in a large-scale South African retail organization.

' š P a g e | 1 P a g e | 2 ' ' 's P a g e | 3 ……………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………… …………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………… P a g e | 4 Master's Thesis Proposal š 's The aim of this work is to evaluate whether or not the common knowledge prompt that the international arena is at fault for most destabilizations of countries with a geopolitical interest is true in this case. 's 's P a g e | 5 ' ' ' Yonghong, D., & Hongchao, L. (2020). Rivalry and Cooperation: A New "Great Game" in SUN, Yun (2012), China's Strategic Misjudgement on Myanmar, in: Journal of Current - P a g e | 6 ' P a g e | 7 on their society's well that prevent the country's consolidation, the P a g e | 8 ' Myanmar as a state has seen its importance rise in the general public's scope because the mass media echoed widely the latest coup by it's own national military: " Myanmar's elected leaders, including de facto head of state Aung San Suu Kyi and members " P a g e | 9 favour their ethnic in detriment of others, and made their power so prominent...

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

Conflict experiences of long-distance dating relationships versus geographically close dating relationships Abigail Hammonds, Department of Communication and Performance, College of Arts and Sciences, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, Tn. Interpersonal relationships inherently involve conflict. Previous research has examined conflict in romantic relationships, but few studies have compared the experiences of long-distance partners and geographically close partners. This study was designed to examine whether individuals in long-distance dating relationships and geographically close dating relationships would differ in their use of conflict strategies and experiences of conflict intensity. Participants were recruited from Facebook, Instagram, and Reddit.com. Participants completed a survey including the 39-item Romantic Partner Conflict Scale designed to measure six subscales of conflict management strategies; as well as a new 7-item measure of conflict intensity that was developed for this study. The items were derived from previous research and the measure was tested for reliability. This study found that individuals in long-distance dating relationships and individuals in geographically close dating relationships have extremely similar experiences of conflict and conflict management styles. These results indicate that conflict management styles alter more based on the individual members in the relationship and are unlikely to be changed due to the nature of the relationship. Feature research should be completed to explore determinants of conflict style.

Drug cultivation and trafficking combine with a complex civil war that endangers the internal security of Colombia and the legitimacy of the Colombian government. The geo-narcotics problem centered in Colombia adversely impacts not only the social and economic situation in Colombia, but also the regional stability of the entire Andean region and Latin America. The influence of drug trafficking extends throughout South America and the Caribbean into the United States and Europe. Past policies to address the instability in Colombia failed to produce significant results. Plan Colombia, a joint initiative of the Colombian and the US governments, was developed in response to a deteriorating situation in Colombia. A public policy of the Colombian government, funding for Plan Colombia is provided as a high priority of United States foreign policy. Plan Colombia is the foundation for implementation of a broad range of programs addressing security, drug production and trafficking, the peace process, social development, economic development and democratization. From a US policy perspective, Plan Colombia seeks to curb drug trafficking at its production sources and promote stability in Colombia. This paper evaluates Plan Colombia using the policy analysis framework presented by James Anderson (2000) in Public Policymaking. Anderson's framework entails systematically examining public policy using a five-stage process that includes identification, formulation, adoption, implementation, and evaluation. I focus on the evaluation of five broad goals found in Plan Colombia; these goals encompass the programs listed above. This paper concludes that progress has been made towards achieving four of the five goals of Plan Colombia. Improvements in illicit drug production, government legitimacy and control, and the economy have been significant. Progress toward democratization and social development is less dramatic, but still evident. The peace process is the only goal lacking significant progress. The results from a US perspective are mixed: while the Colombian government has been stabilized, it is not clear that there has been a reduction in the flow of illicit substances. Future research should consider prioritization of the objectives of Plan Colombia and long-term versus short-term policy outcomes. Security aspects and social development are both priorities of Plan Colombia that at times can be seen in opposition to one another; the appropriate balance of support provided to each requires further analysis. / Master of Public and International Affairs