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Nodal governance och svensk terrorismbekämpningAndersson, Linn January 2013 (has links)
Den här uppsatsen handlar om nodal governance som teori och analysverktyg. Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka på vilket sätt nodal governance är användbart i analysen av en svensk förvaltningskontext där främst offentliga aktörer samverkar och vilka teoretiska och metodologiska problem det eventuellt för med sig. Teorin har applicerats på en fallstudie som analyserar ett fall; svensk terrorismbekämpning. Analysen har visat att visat på teoretiska utvecklingsmöjligheter för nodal governance. Dessutom har förslag till förfining av analysverktyget kunnat presenteras. Studien har visat på möjligheterna och begränsningarna för nodal governance att beskriva och förklara den komplexa förvaltningsmiljö terrorismbekämpning organiseras i.
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Limiting Democracy for the Sake of Itself: Fighting Extremism with Extreme MeasuresSaunders, Lucy 15 February 2010 (has links)
In response to terrorism as one of the major challenges of our time, developments in anti-terrorism law have led to laws that infringe on democratic rights. The author addresses two key questions in relation to such legislation, namely how the development of such laws is influenced by rights instruments, and whether such laws can be justified as a proportionate response to the terrorist threat. The examination focuses on the key rights of expression and association. It takes place within a comparative jurisprudence structure, considering the treatment of these rights in the UK, Canada, Australia and the USA. The assessment is undertaken in the context of the definition of terrorism and in particular reflects on the thought/act distinction, and whether the motive element of the definition leads to a normative response that is justified or is particularly severe to these democratic rights.
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Terrorism : en komparativ studie av hur terrorismbegreppet används i svenska läromedelGustavsson, Jakob January 2011 (has links)
Syftet med studien är att undersöka hur terrorismbegreppet presenteras och används i svenska läromedel i samhällskunskap för gymnasieskolan, både före och efter terrorattackerna den 11 september 2001. Eftersom definitionen av termen terrorism i högsta grad är en politisk fråga kan man således även anta att användningen av begreppet har förändrats under de senaste decennierna. Studien har genomförts utifrån följande frågeställningar:Skiljer sig egentligen framställningen och användningen av begreppet terrorism åt i de äldre läroböckerna jämfört med de läroböcker som publicerades efter den 11 september 2001 och i så fall hur? Vilken bild lyser igenom i läroböckerna av den potentielle/aktuelle terroristen och av det potentiella/aktuella offret och hur väl stämmer egentligen denna bild överens med kravet på en skola för alla?De resultat som min studie har frambringat visar att de grupper och organisationer som läroboksförfattarna kopplar till terrorismverksamhet har förändrats från att huvudsakligen handla om nationella befrielserörelser och politiska och religiösa ytterlighetspartier till att numera främst handla om islamistiska grupper och organisationer. Resultaten behandlas avslutningsvis i en diskussion om hur väl dessa resultat stämmer överens med skolans anspråk på att vara en skola för alla.
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Kan rational choice teorin och collective action frames förklara orsakerna till terrorism?Johansson, Jan January 2012 (has links)
En förutsättning för att kunna förhindra att terrorattacker utförs är kunskap om de bakomliggande motiven och drivkrafterna. Om vi känner till de bakomliggande motiven och drivkrafterna finns det möjlighet att kunna påverka dessa faktorer och därigenom minska risken för nya terrorattacker. I den här studien undersöker jag om collective action frames och rational choice teorin var för sig eller tillsammans kan förklara orsakerna till terrorism. Fram till idag har den strategiska modellen varit den mest använda teorin för att förklara orsaker till terrorism. Modellen utgår från rational choice teorin men har avgränsats till att enbart hantera politiska faktorer, vilket har kritiserats. Kritikerna menar att människors känslor har en betydelse för deras handlingar. Här prövar jag två teorier som teoretiskt kan förklara känslornas betydelse för att människor utför terrorhandlingar, dels rational choice teorin och dels collective action frames. Studien visar att teorierna kompletterar varandra men det är enbart rational choice teorin som förklarar orsaker till handlingarna, och då endast rationellt motiverade instrumentella handlingar. Det är många handlingar som inte kan förklaras med någon av teorierna. Slutsatsen är att det sannolikt inte finns en generell teori som kan förklara alla olika typer av handlingar ner till en sådan detaljnivå att resultatet faktiskt är användbart. Det finns många olika motiv och drivkrafter som kan ligga bakom en handling och det finns så många olika användningsområden för resultaten att en enda teori skulle bli oanvändbar då det sannolikt är alldeles för många parametrar att hantera inom ett och samma teoribygge.
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Assessment tool for nuclear material acquisition pathwaysFord, David Grant 15 May 2009 (has links)
An assessment methodology has been developed at Texas A&M University for
predicting weapons useable material acquisition by a terrorist organization or rogue state
based on an acquisition network simulation. The network has been designed to include
all of the materials, facilities, and expertise (each of which are represented by a unique
node) that must be obtained to acquire Special Nuclear Material (SNM). Using various
historical cases and open source expert opinion, the resources required to successfully
obtain the goal of every node within the network was determined. A visual
representation of the network was created within Microsoft Visio and uses Visual Basic
for Applications (VBA) to analyze the network. This tool can be used to predict the most
likely pathway(s) that a predefined organization would take in attempting to acquire
SNM. The methodology uses the resources available to the organization, along with any
of the nodes to which the organization may already have access, to determine which path
the organization is most likely to attempt.
Using this resource based decision model, various sample simulations were run to
exercise the program. The results of these simulations were in accordance with what was
expected for the resources allocated to the organization being modeled. The program was
demonstrated to show that it was capable of taking many complex resources
considerations into account and modeled them accurately.
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National Security Strategy of Australia , 1991~2004Lin, Tzun-Han 18 June 2005 (has links)
Australia, a country of Oceania, was one of the British colonies. Therefore, the relationship among Australia, European countries and American is closer than with Asia countries in aspects of politics, economy, diplomacy and culture. Basically, from the geographical strategic point of view, Australia locates near the Asia-Pacific Zone that impels Australia greatly depends on its neighboring countries. Especially the national security and economical benefit of Australia relies on the stability and development of the Southeast Asia countries. After WWII, the economy in Southeast Asia grows significantly which forced Australia to enhance its communication with the countries of Asia Pacific Zone to sustain its national security and economical benefit.
From post Cold-War period to 2004, in order to respond the change of international situation, the security and strategy of Australia under the instructions of the Defense White Paper and the Foreign Trade Policy White Paper are as the following: ¡]1¡^Maintain strong military capability which is able to defend Australia;¡]2¡^Maintain and reinforce the traditional alliance with Europe and America;¡]3¡^vigorously maintain the security and stability of the neighboring countries;¡]4¡^Support multilateral regional security mechanism in Asia-Pacific region;¡]5¡^Participate in the UN. Therefore, according to the papers, the Australia national security strategy can be categorized into two principal axises. First, maintain the security alliance with the United Stated, to acquire various resources from the United States. In hence, Australia would become a great country in the region. Secondly, build a buffer zone of Australia by maintaining the stability of the region and the completion of Indonesia territory, avoiding the turbulent of neighboring region and evade it becoming the hotbed of terrorists.
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Essays on risk aversionJindapon, Paan 30 October 2006 (has links)
This dissertation contains three essays on risk aversion. In the first essay, we an-
alyze comparative risk aversion in a new way, through a comparative statics problem
in which, for a cost, agents can shift from an initial probability distribution toward
a preferred distribution. The Ross characterization arises when the original distribution is riskier than the preferred distribution and the cost is monetary, and the
Arrow-Pratt characterization arises when the original distribution differs from the
preferred distribution by a simple mean-preserving spread and the cost is a utility
cost. Higher-order increases in risk lead to higher-order generalizations, and the com-
parative statics method yields a unified approach to the problem of comparative risk
attitudes.
In the second essay, we analyze decisions made by a group of terrorists and a
government in a zero-sum game in which the terrorists minimize a representative
citizen's expected utility and the government maximizes it. The terrorists' strategy
balances the probability and the severity of the attack while the government chooses
the level of investment reducing the probability and/or mitigating the severity. We
find that if the representative citizen is risk neutral, the terrorists' response is not
associated with the government's action and the representative citizen's risk attitudes
affect the strategies of the government and the terrorists. Risk aversion always in-
creases equilibrium severity but does not always increase equilibrium expenditure of the government.
In the last essay, we consider a situation in which an individual has to pay for
a good before he realizes the state-dependent surplus of the good. This ex-ante
willingness to pay is called the option price and the difference between the option
price and the expected surplus is the option value. We find that the option value
actually is the buying price for a fixed payment of the expected surplus, and there is
a special case in which the option value equals the negative of the compensating risk
premium. We also find the effects on the option price and the option value when the
expected utility assumption is replaced by a rank-dependent expected utility.
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Feasibility of a human performance model in consequence managementGhosh, Kashmeera, January 2009 (has links) (PDF)
Thesis (M.S.)--Missouri University of Science and Technology, 2009. / Vita. The entire thesis text is included in file. Title from title screen of thesis/dissertation PDF file (viewed January 13, 2010) Includes bibliographical references.
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Freedom or security : protecting democracy from terrorism /Freeman, Michael E. January 2001 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Chicago, Department of Political Science, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references. Also available on the Internet.
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Rethinking the REAL ID Act and national identification cards as a counterterrorism toolClarke, William M. January 2009 (has links) (PDF)
Thesis (M.A. in Security Studies (Homeland Security and Defense))--Naval Postgraduate School, December 2009. / Thesis Advisor(s): Dahl, Erik J. ; Denning, Dorothy E. "December 2009." Description based on title screen as viewed on January 26, 2010. Author(s) subject terms: REAL ID, PASS ID, biometrics, driver's license, enhanced driver's license, national identification card, biometric technologies, fingerprints, iris scan, facial recognition, hand geometry, Department of Homeland Security. Includes bibliographical references (p. 85-96). Also available in print.
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