Submitted by Jadson Francisco de Jesus SILVA (jadson@uefs.br) on 2018-04-10T23:18:39Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Jose Carlos - Disserta??o - Vers?o Final 2017 B.pdf: 1422782 bytes, checksum: 8058051bfe780cb7972b630af8f1e7e0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-10T23:18:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jose Carlos - Disserta??o - Vers?o Final 2017 B.pdf: 1422782 bytes, checksum: 8058051bfe780cb7972b630af8f1e7e0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-11 / The dairy industry is an example of a system characterized by the association of different production systems: agriculture, livestock, dairy, industrial transformation and product distribution. Dairy products are the food group that includes milk, as well as its processed byproducts, having as main inputs, water and energy. These inputs are essential in the production processes of the dairy industry, as well as the assessment of eco-efficiency through the quantities of water and energy consumed. For this purpose, data from 23 dairy products registered at INEMA from 2006 to 2012 were used, and the average water consumption coefficient of 3.15 LL of processed milk and average effluent generation coefficient of 3.17 LL processed milk. Regarding the energy consumed indicator, the available data were unsatisfactory due to lack of data, which made it impossible to obtain reliable results on consumption. It was concluded that the dairy products licensed in the state of Bahia are less efficient in the use of water and energy inputs in relation to the national industry, as it is in relation to the international industry (benckmarking). It is pointed out that this type of approach is not yet an initiative of the Environmental Agency and that the concept of eco-efficiency is not incorporated in the analyzes of environmental licensing in Brazil. / A industria de latic?nios ? um exemplo de sistema caracterizado pela associa??o de diferentes sistemas de produ??o: agricultura, pecu?ria, explora??o leiteira, transforma??o industrial e distribui??o do produto. Os produtos l?cteos s?o o grupo de alimentos que inclui o leite, assim como os seus derivados processados, tendo como insumos principais, ?gua e energia. Esses insumos s?o essenciais nos processos produtivos da ind?stria de produtos l?cteos, assim como a avalia??o da ecoefici?ncia atraves das quantidades de ?gua e energia consumidas. Para este fim, foram utilizados dados de 23 latic?nios protocolados no INEMA, no per?odo de 2006 a 2012, sendo obtido o coeficiente m?dio de consumo de ?gua de 3,15 L.L de leite processado e coeficiente m?dio de gera??o de efluente de 3,17 L.L leite processado. Quanto ao indicador de energia consumida, os dados disponibilizados foram insatisfat?rios devido ? falta de dados, o que impossibilitou a obten??o de resultados confi?veis sobre o consumo. Concluiu-se que os latic?nios licenciados no estado da Bahia s?o menos eficientes na utiliza??o dos insumos de ?gua e energia em rela??o ? ind?stria nacional, da mesma forma que esta em rela??o ? ind?stria internacional (benckmarking). Indica-se que esse tipo de abordagem ainda n?o ? uma iniciativa do ?rg?o Ambiental e que o conceito de ecoefici?ncia n?o est? incorporado nas an?lises do licenciamento ambiental, no Brasil.

Submitted by Ricardo Cedraz Duque Moliterno (ricardo.moliterno@uefs.br) on 2015-10-08T22:34:03Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o PPGECEA - Versao Final.pdf: 1221901 bytes, checksum: e87ef19103280149b784bab62da0ced2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-10-08T22:34:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta??o PPGECEA - Versao Final.pdf: 1221901 bytes, checksum: e87ef19103280149b784bab62da0ced2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-05-29 / Brazil is nowadays one of the largest producers and exporters of meat in the world. Despite this positive result, the environmental impacts which were caused by those production activities need to be analyzed. Thus, this paper aimed to evaluate the consumption of water and energy, informed in the environmental licensing processes in Bahia, spent for animal slaughtering activity. For that, data from 13 slaughterhouses and 12 refrigerators recorded in INEMA, from 2006 up to 2012 were used. The results have showed that 75% of the industries that slaughter cattle have high rates of water consumption, with average scores of 1.663 L/animal in slaughterhouses and 1,216 L/animal in cold storage chamber, reaching this figure to 100% in pig slaughtering industries, with an average consumption of 1,093 L/animal in slaughterhouses and 1,125 L/animal in refrigerating chambers. In chicken slaughtering, the average water consumption was 16 L/animal in slaughterhouses and 18 L/animal in cold storage chamber, compatible to benchmark data in the industry. In the energy aspect, it was not possible to quantify the total consumption due to the absence of electricity consumption data. Related to thermal energy, both cattle slaughter industries, which consume on average 241.9 kWh/animal, such as chicken slaughter, with an average consumption of 1.8 kWh/animal in slaughterhouses and 1.6 kWh/animal in refrigerators, they have showed high values, emphasizing the lack of data from that nature for the pigs slaughtering. The absence of such data indicates that this approach is not yet part of the Environmental Agency initiatives and that the concept of eco-efficiency is also not incorporated in the analysis of environmental licensing. / O Brasil atualmente ? um dos maiores produtores e exportadores de carne no mundo. Apesar deste enfoque positivo, agrega-se a esta atividade impactos ambientais que necessitam ser analisados. Neste sentido, este trabalho objetivou avaliar o consumo de ?gua e de energia informados nos processos de licenciamento ambiental do estado da Bahia para a atividade de abate de animais. Para isso, utilizou-se de dados de 13 abatedouros e 12 frigor?ficos protocolados no INEMA no per?odo de 2006 a 2012. Os resultados indicaram que 75% das ind?strias que abatem bovinos possuem altos ?ndices de consumo de ?gua, com resultados m?dios de 1.663 L/animal nos abatedouros e de 1.216 L/animal nos frigor?ficos, chegando esse ?ndice a 100% nas ind?strias de abate de su?nos, com consumo m?dio de 1.093 L/animal nos abatedouros e 1.125 L/animal nos frigor?ficos. No abate de frango, o consumo m?dio de ?gua foi de 16 L/animal nos abatedouros e 18 L/animal nos frigor?ficos, compat?vel com dados de benchmark do setor. No aspecto energia n?o foi poss?vel quantificar o consumo total devido ? inexist?ncia de dados de consumo de energia el?trica. Quanto ? energia t?rmica, tanto as ind?strias de abate de bovinos, consumindo em m?dia 241,9 kWh/animal, como a de frango, com consumo m?dio de 1,8 kWh/animal nos abatedouros e 1,6 kWh/animal nos frigor?ficos, apresentaram valores elevados, ressaltando-se a falta de dados desta natureza no abate de su?nos. A inexist?ncia tais dados indica que esse tipo de abordagem ainda n?o ? uma iniciativa do ?rg?o Ambiental e que o conceito de ecoefici?ncia n?o est? incorporado nas an?lises do licenciamento ambiental.