La thèse porte sur la famille Batthyány, qui a joué un important rôle au XVIIIe siècle à la Cour de Vienne, à la Diète, dans l’Armée et dans l’Eglise, par ses représentants : le palatin Louis –Ernest (1696-1765), le cardinal primat Joseph (1727-1799), l’évêque de Transylvanie Ignace (1741-1798) et par Charles Joseph (1697-1772), feld-maréchal de l’Armée autrichienne, tous, conseillers de Charles VI, de Marie-Thérèse et de Joseph II. La monographie familiale étudie les élites et analyse les mécanismes de fonctionnement de la politique de la Maison d’Autriche des Habsbourg. La thèse est structurée sur trois niveaux : la Cour de Vienne, le Royaume de Hongrie et la Transylvanie et développée dans quatre chapitres : I. Les Batthyány une famille des magnats ; II. Dominer ; III. Dominer et servir : les Batthyány, le Royaume de Saint Etienne et la Maison d’Autriche ; IV. Servir : les Batthyány et la dynastie des Habsbourg. La principale conclusion : les Batthyány appartienne aux élites européennes par les alliances, les faits et les acquis dans des multiples domaines. / The thesis treats the Batthyány family’s role in the eighteenth century and its’ involvement in Vienna’s Court, Diet, Army and Church structures, through its’ representatives: palatine Louis-Ernest (1696-1765), cardinal Joseph (1727-1799) primate of the Catholic Church, Ignace (1741-1798), Transylvania bishop and Charles-Joseph (1797-1772), field-marshal of the Austrian army. In addition, all have been advisors to Charles VI, Maria Theresa, and Joseph II. The family’s monography studies the existent elites and analyses the political mechanisms inside the Austrian Habsburg Court. The thesis revolves around three axes: the Vienna Court, the Hungarian Kingdom and Transylvania, developed into four chapters: “I. Batthyány, a magnates family„; “II. Domination„; “III. Dominating and serving: Batthyány, Kingdom of Saint Stephen and the House of Austria„; “IV. Serving- Batthyány and the Habsburg dynasty„. The main conclusion: the Batthyánys belong to European elites through their alliances and their involvement in various domains.

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This thesis documents a personal journey that asks the reader to consider the volatility of genres and their use value as a hierarchy and/or in the Academy. It places itself in the limitary disciplines of cultural studies, gender studies and fiction, and offers a map of a journey across disciplines. The thesis (w)rites against the grain of the patriarchal Order, and the author articulates gender as a variable in knowledge making and takes an experimental approach to the collection and analysis of data through reading and writing strategies. The use of the bracket is to make a ritual of (w)riting and a contingency of (k)now-ing. The thesis comes in three parts, all of which are interrelated. Parts one and two contain collections of the author's short stories and poetry and Part three is comprised of her correspondence. / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

Guided by the feminist intention of reasserting the importance of neglected female writers, I have used this work to re-examine the lives and texts of eighteenth-century diarists Hester Thrale-Piozzi and Frances Burney. Adopting an interdisciplinary methodology, I draw on both literary and non-literary material to examine the effect of familial and social patriarchy in eighteenth-century England. Using the diaries, journals and letters of Hester and Frances, I ask why female conformity to masculine domination was expected, and how violence was used to extract subserviant behaviour from women. Beginning with gossip, and encompassing social, editorial and physical abuse, I use the medical profession's manipulation of female vulnerability to exemplify the way society legitimates violence to ensure female ductility. Moving beyond this physical aspect, I then examine the psychical, and question the existence of a ‘self’ which is vulnerable to external manipulation. By diverging from the influence of Freudian psychology, and developing a form of Jungian feminism, I propose the existence of an essential female Self which transcends the constraints of societal expectations and physical violence. In this work, both Hester and Frances emerge as physically and psychically strong entities who were forced to adopt socially conformist personae to survive.

The purpose of this study is to review Pennsylvania's use of paper money through two distinct periods: the first seven years of currency issues starting in 1723 and concluding in 1730, and the second period encompassed by the French and Indian War in 1755-63. They represent two significant periods affecting Pennsylvania's paper money prior to the Revolutionary War. Specifically investigated are the deciding factors influencing Pennsylvania's currency issues during those periods and the degree of success achieved by those issues. The relationship between Pennsylvania's monetary policy and provincial politics is an important feature of the analysis. / Graduation date: 1996

The purpose of this thesis is to describe and analyse the reception and development of the orangery in the county of Uppland, Sweden, during the 18th century. A main obstacle for the gardeners and their governors must have been the local climate in Uppland, a county at the south border of Norrland, the very north part of Sweden. The local climate during the 18th century in Uppland was rather cold with yearly temperature averages well under the “normal” during Baroque and Renaissance time. Two questions are discussed in the thesis. First question is: could the orangery buildings serve the purpose to protect fruit-trees from the harsh climate in Uppland i.e. had the orangeries built during the 18th century in Uppland at Walloon furnaces the expected capability to allow Asian fruit-trees like Citrus to pass the winter? The second question is: were the gardeners capable to force citrus blossoms to fruit? The study is based on sources of different kinds, such as gardening accounts from Walloon furnaces, contracts of service, inventories, wage bills, estate inventories, gardening manuals, horticultural handbooks and travelogues. To be able to go more closely into the matter I have done simulations of some orangery buildings thermal behaviour by using a building performance simulation software called IDA. The answer to the first question is that the orangeries served their purpose, at all events during normal winters. But during extreme winters the citrus trees must have been damaged. And the problems with importing rare Asian fruit-trees via the Netherlands, Portugal and Italy were overwhelming. The ambitions to acclimatize the trees to the harsh climate north of Stockholm, at the borderline to the north part of Sweden, were admirable. The whole idea of creating gardens of central European style and to build and maintain orangeries at high costs in the severe climate of county Uppland must have been a central European idea of lifestyle, or more likely the pleasure of the governers own satisfaction. The answer to the second question in the thesis is that I have not found any proof for production, even in a very small scale, of any citrus fruits in orangeries at Walloon furnaces in Uppland during the 18th century. / QC 20100714

La tesi di dottorato si concentra sull'editoria teatrale milanese del Settecento. Tenuto conto della mancanza di un catalogo delle edizioni teatrali stampate a Milano nel Settecento, il dott. Locatelli ha provveduto ad effettuare uno spoglio complessivo del patrimonio librario delle principali biblioteche milanesi al fine di realizzare uno strumento di ricerca basilare. La mancanza altresì di un lavoro di insieme sugli stampatori e librai milanesi del XVIII secolo ha reso inoltre indispensabile l'effettuazione di ricerche mirate alla realizzazione di un dizionario bio-bibliografico degli stampatori e librai attivi a Milano nel Settecento. I risultati della ricerca vengono dunque anzitutto presentati nella forma degli annali tipografici, così da render conto dell'attività in ambito teatrale di ogni singola azienda tipografica milanese. La prima parte della tesi, oltre a offrire un contributo sul valore documentario del teatro in forma di libro, offre un panorama della produzione del libro di teatro nel Settecento. Per quanto concerne Milano, in particolare, si scavano alcune problematiche (come quelle dell'autore drammatico), si portano alcune esemplificazioni, si giustificano alcune delle attribuzioni fornite negli annali. È il caso, per esempio, della certa attribuzione alla stamperia di Marc'Antonio Pandolfo Malatesta di alcune commedie di Carlo Maria Maggi stampate nel 1700-1701 e 1708 con falsa data Venezia. Viene infine proposto un breve capitolo di approfondimento sulla circolazione e lettura del libro di teatro nella Milano del Settecento, realizzato anche sulla base dello spoglio di inventari di librerie e biblioteche private coeve. / The PhD thesis by Stefano Locatelli is about theatre's book in 18th century. It offers a catalogue of dramatic editions print in Milan from 1701 to 1800 and a bio-bibliographical dictionary of printers and librarians in Milan during 18th century. The thesis offers also a study about the documentary value of theatre book and outlines a survey of theatre book production in Milan during the 18th century. It also analyse lecture and circulation of theatre book in Milan by going through some catalogues and inventories of booksellers and private libraries.

Past research on eighteenth-century ships has primarily taken one of two avenues, either focusing on naval warship construction or examining the merchant shipping industry as a whole in terms of trends and economics. While these areas are important to pursue, comparatively little is known about actual construction techniques used on the ordinary merchant vessels of the period. Most modern sources emphasize hull design and lines drawings; contemporary sources take a similar direction, explaining the theory of ship design but often leaving out how to put the ship together. In recent years, however, new information has come to light through archaeological excavations regarding Anglo-American merchant ship construction. In this study, several of these shipwrecks were examined in light of economic factors and the literary evidence from the period in an attempt to gain a better understanding of colonial American merchant ship construction in the eighteenth century. While the data set was not large enough to make conclusive statements, this type of comparative analysis should begin to establish a framework for the interpretation of future shipwreck excavations.

Diss. Göteborg : Göteborgs universitet, 2009.