The progress of criminal law in 18th century in our country The main theme of this graduation thesis is the progress in substantive criminal law and procedural criminal law in the 18th century in our countries. Part of the work focuses on the codex published in 1803, as it was highly progressive for the period. Its inclusion in the thesis was, therefore, logical and necessary. The whole development of criminal law in Czech countries has been derived from the progress of criminal law of the Habsburg monarchy, which Bohemia was a part of. As a secondary theme the thesis elaborates the historical development of the monarchy in this period, philosophical and religious orientations and beliefs, the greatest thinkers and previous legislation drawn by policy makers in the 18th century and often accepted in the first half of the 18th century. This work also discusses the progress of the structure of capital justice in our country, which focuses mainly on personal and material equipment and the reason for the gradual reduction of capital court. In a special chapter the correction progress of crimes against divine majesty, on which the opinion has changed over the century, is discussed; namely the change from strictly punishable crime to offenses and then their return back to crime. This chapter also includes a...

The diploma thesis contributes to study of the Italian and Czech origins of the sacred music by Neapolitan composers from the first third of the 18th century. The first chapters of the thesis concentrate on classification of manuscripts with music by the Neapolitan composer Domenico Sarri (1678-1744) whose many works have been preserved in Czech music archives. Though Sarri demonstrably was a significant representative of the Neapolitan music production of his time, his work has not yet been adequately explored. This thesis therefore also includes a complete reconstruction of Sarri's psalm Dixit Dominus F major. In the last part of the thesis, this piece is analyzed and compared within the selection of few works by Sarri and his contemporaries with the aim to specify some of the general and individual aspects of Sarri's musical thinking.

The demographic development of the population in the city of Litoměřice in the years 1700-1799 Abstract The aim of Thesis is capturing the development of natural change in city of Litomerice and its suburbs in the 18th century and characterizing the basic demographic indicators. Absolute number of marriages, births and deaths was found by using Name excerpts from parish registers. Based on the aggregate method, the data was classified according to the needs analysis for individual years or decades. The development of natural change of Litoměřice was compared with the results of local probes in southern Bohemia, on the estate Stahlavy, in Usti nad Labem and in the cities of Frydek and Mistek. Comparator sites were chosen to represent different areas as well as geographically close or distant cities. Results of comparation confirmed the different demographic developments in urban and rural areas and showed the influence of geographical distance of each city. Keywords: development of natural change, 18th century, Litoměřice, the population estimates

The Way to True Excellence: The Spirituality of Samuel Pearce is a dissertation that seeks to understand why and how the late eighteenth century pastor, Samuel Pearce (1766–1799) was a model for spirituality. Pearce was the pastor of Cannon Street Baptist Church in Birmingham, England from 1790 until death in 1799. Pearce only lived to be thirty-three years old, but he had a very successful ministry in Birmingham, was sought after as a preacher through Great Britain, and was an integral part of the Baptist missionary movement that helped bring about a sea-change in evangelicalism. For decades after his death, John Ryland and other Baptist leaders referred to Pearce as the “seraphic Pearce.” One year after his death Andrew Fuller published Pearce’s memoirs, Memoirs of the late Rev. Samuel Pearce, and the latter became a model of eighteenth-century Baptist piety. In this thesis, three areas of his piety are examined against the backdrop of eighteenth-century evangelicalism: his preaching as a model for a spirituality of the word, his marriage and friendships as a model for a spirituality of love, and his commitment to the Great Commission as a model for a spirituality of mission. With the examination of these three areas, this thesis seeks to show to what extent Pearce’s spirituality captures the quintessence of late eighteenth-century Baptist spirituality.

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Scania is well known for its agriculture, previously the region consisted of mostly agricultural landscape and farming. Scania is the wealthiest part in Sweden of agricultural landscape and stands out from the rest of the country’s landscape. In the late eighteenth century the industrialization came to the region and the agriculture developed in pace with the industry. Most previous studies have described the evolution from agriculture to industrialization and urbanization of the region but seemed to fail to investigate the embedded drivers that drove the transformation. Therefore this study investigated embedded drivers during the period from agriculture to industrialization in the region of Scania. The result showed that factors of agricultural transformation, social change and entrepreneurship were the key embedded drivers for transformation.

Le dix-huitième siècle ouvre une nouvelle ère dans l’histoire des échanges culturels franco-chinois. La Chine apparaît non seulement comme un pays mystérieux, qui inspire les auteurs de fiction, mais encore, aux yeux des philosophes, comme une nation qui mérite d’être étudiée. Cette étude porte sur un domaine jusqu’à présent peu exploré dans les travaux sur les échanges culturels entre la France et la Chine, à savoir la presse. Notre enquête se propose d’étudier les représentations de l’art de gouverner chinois dans les périodiques de langue française dans la seconde moitié du XVIIIe siècle et le rôle joué par ceux-ci dans la diffusion de représentations de la Chine dans la société française. / The eighteenth century opens a new era in the history of Franco-Chinese cultural exchanges. China appears not only as a mysterious country, which inspired the authors of fiction, but also, in the eyes of the philosophers, as a nation deserves to be studied. This study focuses on a field so far little discovered in the works on cultural exchanges between France and China, namely the press. Our investigation intends to consider the representations of the Chinese art of governing in French-language periodicals in the second half of the 18th century and the role played by them in the dissemination of representations of China in French society.

Esta tese apresenta um estudo sobre a espacialização da economia colonial nas minas do Cuiabá e do Mato Grosso, no centro da América do Sul, na primeira metade do século XVIII. No primeiro capítulo procuramos demonstrar como algumas interpretações e imagens recorrentes a respeito da economia colonial reproduzida nos territórios que formariam a capitania de Mato Grosso, impõem-se aos indícios documentais e são reproduzidas sem o questionamento sobre os pressupostos que as sustentam. No segundo capítulo, definimos nosso posicionamento teórico e metodológico em relação aos documentos cartográficos. No terceiro capítulo analisamos mapas classificados como sertanistas. Demonstramos que uma análise dos rústicos mapas do sertanismo revela uma lógica da expansão das conquistas territoriais portuguesas distante das interpretações consagradas sobre estes mapas. No quarto capítulo reconstruímos o processo de formação de ambientes rurais na primeira década de colonização portuguesa nas minas do Cuiabá, revelando a estruturação de uma estrutura fundiária diversificada voltada para o comércio e o mercado interno. No quinto capítulo analisamos a relação entre as práticas administrativas e a espacialização da economia colonial. No sexto capítulo, procuramos relacionar a espacialização da economia no centro da América do Sul às transformações da economia na primeira metade do século XVIII, em diversas escalas. / This thesis present a study about the spatialization of the colonial economy in the mines of Cuiabá and of Mato Grosso, in the center of South America in the first half of the eighteenth century. In the first chapter we demonstrate how some recurring images and interpretations about the economy reproduced in the colonial territories that would form the captaincy of Mato Grosso, are imposed regarding the documental evidences and are reproduced without questioning the assumptions that underpin them. In the second chapter, we defined our theoretical and methodological positioning in relation to cartographic documents. In the third chapter we analyze maps classified as sertanistas. We demonstrate that an analysis of rustic maps of sertanismo reveals a logical of the Portuguese expansion distant of the interpretations consecrated about these maps. In the fourth chapter we reconstruct the process of formation of rural environments in the first decade of colonization in the mines of Cuiabá, revealing the structuring a diversified land structure facing the trade and the internal market. In the fifth chapter we analyze the relationship between and administrative practices and the colonial economy spacialization. In the sixth chapter, we relate the economy spacialization at the center of South America with the transformations of the economy in the first half of the eighteenth century, in various scales.

Ce travail de recherche porte sur l’œuvre de la Vénitienne Rosalba Carriera (1675-1757), qui connut un succès international grâce à ses portraits et à sa maîtrise exceptionnelle du pastel. Cependant, il serait réducteur de parler de Rosalba Carriera uniquement en tant qu’artiste.En effet, cette dernière rédigea une vaste correspondance, plusieurs textes en relation avec la société de son époque, écrivit un petit traité sur le pastel et fut dans le même temps poète et diariste.Le but de cette recherche consistera donc – sans oublier son travail de peintre –à mettre en lumière l’autre facette de l’artiste, à savoir, la femme de Lettres en prise avec son temps dont elle fut un témoin attentif.Dans cette double perspective, l’accent est mis, en premier lieu, sur la peinture et les femmes peintres en Europe et à Venise au XVIIIe siècle, avec une mention particulière pour la formation artistique de Rosalba Carriera. Dans un second temps, sont analysés ses écrits, parmi lesquels sa vaste correspondance ainsi que ses journaux qui révèlent ses qualités d’épistolière et de diariste ainsi que le vaste réseau qu’elle avait su se constituer en Europe, tout particulièrement en France et, dans une moindre mesure, en Angleterre. Enfin, Rosalba Carriera sera présentée comme poète, mais également comme témoin social et historique de son temps au travers de plusieurs écrits de natures diverses, au nombre desquels on compte le traité sur le pastel, Maniere diverse per formare i colori, dans lequel elle apparaît comme une remarquable pédagogue et spécialiste en la matière.Ces différentes facettes de Rosalba Carriera composant le portrait d’une artiste et femme de Lettres dans l’Europe des Lumières. / This thesis is about the work of the Venetian Rosalba Carriera (1673-1757), who knew an international success thanks to her portraits and her exceptionnal mastery of pastel painting. However, Rosalba Carriera was not only an artist. In effect, she wrote many letters, texts in relation with the society of her century and she wrote a little essay about the pastel and she was also a letter writer, a poet and wrote diaries. Without forgetting her identity of artist,we will stress on her profile of woman of Letters, witness of her century. First of all, we will speak about the painting and the women painters in Europ and in Venice in the 18th century and we will insist on the artistic formation of Rosalba Carriera.In a second time, we will analyse the writings of Rosalba: her letters and diaries that reveal her qualities of letter writer and diarist and also the large network she especially developed in France and a little bit in England. Finally, we will introduce Rosalba as a poet, as a social and historical witness of her time thanks to many texts and thank to her essay on the pastel painting, Maniere diverse per formare i colori, where she appears as an educationalist and specialist. These differents facets of Rosalba Carriera will make up the portrait of an artist and a woman of Letters in the Enlightenment Europ.

Chiu Wai Yee, Lulu. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 68-74). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / List of tables --- p.vii / Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter Chapter One. --- The History of Opera Buffa / The origins of opera buffa --- p.4 / The development of opera buffa --- p.9 / The collaboration of Galuppi and Goldoni --- p.11 / Chapter Chapter Two. --- "Il filosofo di campagna,ts Plot, Orchestration, Overture and Tonal Organization" / The plot of Il filosofo di campagna --- p.20 / The orchestration of the opera --- p.24 / The overture of the opera --- p.25 / The tonal organization of the opera --- p.28 / Chapter Chapter Three. --- Characterization in the Solo Arias of Il filosofo di campagna / Buffa characteristics in the music of Don Tritemio --- p.32 / Seria characteristics in the music ofRinaldo --- p.36 / Mixed characteristics in the music of Lesbina and Nardo --- p.38 / Chapter Chapter Four. --- Characterization in the Ensembles of Il filosofo di campagna / Comic characteristics in the music of the Act one finale --- p.52 / The quasi-conclusion Act two finale --- p.61 / The problematic Act three finale --- p.64 / Conclusion --- p.66 / Bibliography --- p.68 / Appendices --- p.75 / Chapter A. --- The title-page and the cast list of Goldoni's libretto --- p.76 / Chapter B. --- The texts of the three finales --- p.77 / Chapter C. --- Musical examples of Il filosofo di campagna Overture --- p.86 / "Don Tritemio's aria ""La mia ragion e questa，"" Act one，sceneiii" --- p.95 / "Rinaldo's aria ""Taci，amor, nel seno mio，"" Act one, sceneiv" --- p.98 / "Lesbina's three canzonettas, Act one, sceneii:" / """Quando son giovine，""" --- p.104 / """Son fresca, son bella,""" --- p.105 / """Non raccoglie le mie foglie，""" --- p.106 / "Lesbina's aria ""Compatite，Signor，s'io non so,"" Act one, scenex" --- p.108 / "Lesbina's aria ""Una ragazza, che non e pazza，"" Act two, scenex" --- p.111 / "Nardo's aria ""Vedo quell'albero，"" Act one，scenevii" --- p.116 / "Nardo's aria ""Se non e nata nobile,"" Act two, scenexiv" --- p.119 / Act one finale --- p.124 / Act two finale --- p.137 / Act three finale --- p.149