Thesis (D. Min.)--McCormick Theological Seminary, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 41-44).

Thesis (M.Oc.E)--Oregon State University, 2008. / Printout. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 83-86). Also available on the World Wide Web.

The popularity of beach volleyball is rising especially thanks to the Olympic Games 2012 in London. Czech professionals Markéta Sluková with her partner Kristýna Sluková got there unbelievable 5th place. The first part of this thesis would like to summarize theoretical knowledge of sport marketing and marketing plan of sport product. The second part would like to analyze marketing mix of beach volleyball arenas in the Czech Republic. According to the knowledge gained by this analysis will be created Marketing Plan of Beach Volleyball Arena in Benešov u Prahy. Finally this thesis would like to be an inspiration for existing and potential arenas which would like to exploit this market opportunity to provide beach services.

After compiling an appropriate list of beach criteria from established award programs and experts, the research landscape architect observed the Virginia Beach Resort Zone for areas of intense beach user activity.  The resulting analysis of these "hot-spots" indicated that urban resort beach users visiting the recreational beach during high-use times tended to gravitate toward locations on the resort beach which were close to three needs:  public parking, public restrooms, and inexpensive refreshments.  This pattern shows the apparent preferences of many beach users for certain amenities. / Master of Landscape Architecture

No description available.

Storm-created nesting habitat and low wave energy moist sediment habitat (MOSH), such as intertidal sandflats, have long been considered important to the recovery of the piping plover (Charadrius melodus), a federally threatened shorebird. Beach renourishment is a common practice on the U.S. Atlantic Coast for the protection of human property from storms, but it also prevents normal MOSH formation. We examined factors limiting piping plover nesting pair density and reproductive output on Atlantic Barrier Islands, 2001-2004, including one site that had been breached by a storm in 1992, and subsequently repaired and renourished by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. We also investigated the short-term impact of beach renourishment at these sites. Number of pairs at a site increased with beach area. Pair density increased with MOSH availability at the site level. Home range size increased as the distance from plover nests to MOSH increased. Home range size was smaller for plovers with higher foraging rates in the territory-establishment period, but this effect was most likely independent of distance to MOSH. Reproductive output was not apparently related to availability of MOSH to adults or broods, and was limited by predation. Habitat widths, prey abundance, and brood habitat selection changed at two of our sites after renourishment. However, similar changes occurred in reference areas. Other research shows that in addition to long-term loss of storm-created features, beach stabilization can lead to loss of habitat and low reproductive success due to human development and an increased presence of introduced predators. Management for recovery of this species should thus include permitting natural storm-mediated habitat creation to occur where feasible. However, since we found no direct negative short-term impact of renourishment on prey or habitat availability, habitat restoration via renourishment of eroded beaches could be a viable strategy for plover recovery, if negative indirect short and long-term effects are mitigated. Restoration projects should include restoration or creation of MOSH adjacent to nesting habitat, because MOSH attracts a high density of pairs and to offset long-term loss of storm-created habitat. Human disturbance and predation must also be controlled at restoration sites. / Ph. D.

In August 1959 Pacific Marine Station (P.M.S.) located at Dillon Beach, began a program of oceanographic study as a member of the California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations (C.C.O.F.I.). The program continued throughout the summer of 1963 and consisted of a monthly hydrographic station and sampling the plankton at the head of Bodega Submarine Canyon, located twenty-five miles west of Bodega Bay. Two plankton tows were taken on each ocean run. One of the samples, along with collection and hydrographic data, was sent to Scripps Institute of Oceanography. The other sample was retained at P.M.S. and constitutes the material for the present study. Pelagic gastropods were present in every tow in varying numbers and species. Two groups, pteropods and heteropods, were found in the samples. One species of pteropod, Limacina helicina, was the dominant member in all of the tows and occurred during the entire year. Little work has been done on the pelagic gastropods of the North Pacific. The information available has been mainly compiled by Tesch in the Dana Reports and McGowan (1960). Taxonomically the group has been extensively studied, but little is known about the life cycles, size ranges, growth rates, physiology, behavior, distribution and abundance. No previous study on the pelagic gastropods collected by P.M.S. has been made. This paper is a discussion of the pelagic gastropods collected over a period of four years. It is the purpose of this study to identify, examine, and present information of the local specimens collected by Pacific Marine Station.

En av de största utmaningarna för Östersjöregionen gäller bekämpningen av övergödning orsakad av människors utsläpp av näringsämnen till havet. Övergödningen har flera allvarliga konsekvenser för miljön, inte minst enorma algblomningar samt stora mängder alger och tång som så småningom spolas upp längs Östersjöns stränder och börjar förmultna. På gotländska kallas dessa organiska massor på stränderna för “släke” och ses oftast som ett problem då de kan försämra kustmiljön och störa turister och lokalbor som vill bada eller vistas på stranden. Släken är dock rik på näring, och att skörda släken för att använda den som en resurs skulle kunna bidra till att skapa cirkulära flöden då näring återtas från havet, samtidigt som stranden rensas och släken kan bli en potentiellt värdefull resurs som exempelvis jordförbättringsmedel eller biobränsle. Det finns dock flera hinder i vägen för att få till en hållbar skörd och användning av släke.  Projektets syfte är att undersöka vilka möjligheter som finns för att på ett hållbart sätt skörda och använda släke som en bioresurs på Gotland. Detta gjordes dels genom att identifiera hinder och incitament för släkeskörd med hjälp av en litteraturstudie över släkeskörd i Östersjöområdet samt genom en intervju med en person som arbetar med släkehanteringsfrågan i Gotlands länsstyrelse. Det undersöktes även genom en fallstudie där hinder identifierades och utvärderades för att uppskatta möjligheterna för släkeskörd inom ett valt studieområde på Gotlands östkust.  Ett flertal hinder för skörd och användning av släke kunde identifieras i litteraturstudien, som sedan delades in i de följande huvudsakliga kategorierna: skräp, erosion, biologisk mångfald, maskiner, kostnader, juridiska hinder, tidspress, kvalitet, logistik samt tungmetaller. Resultat från intervjun styrker att flera av dessa hinder är aktuella på Gotland, däribland biologisk mångfald som kan riskera att ta skada vid skörd och avlägsnande av släke, olika juridiska hinder för att få bidrag för att skörda släke, och det potentiella innehållet av tungmetaller i släke som kan begränsa dess användning, bland annat. I fallstudien framkom det att några av de viktigaste hindrena är juridiska hinder i form av olika naturskydd, som exempelvis naturreservat, som begränsar eller på andra sätt påverkar möjligheten att skörda släke. Risk för erosion genom bortförande av sand samt kostnader i samband med skörd med maskiner är ytterligare faktorer som påverkar lämpligheten för släkeskörd. Även inblandning av antropogent skräp i släken togs upp.  En slutsats som kan dras är att det finns många fördelar men även många hinder kring skörd och användning av släke. För att kunna avgöra huruvida det är möjligt att skörda och använda släke på ett hållbart sätt behöver skördeområdet först analyseras utifrån dessa hinder och sedan vägas mot fördelarna. Fallstudien visade att stränderna i studieområdet hade olika förutsättningar för hållbar släkeskörd utifrån de studerade hindrena. Flera hinder kunde dock inte appliceras på studieområdet på grund av bristande data, och det går därför inte att dra någon fullvärdig slutsats om hållbar släkeskörd i studieområdet. / One of the biggest challenges for the Baltic Sea region concerns the mitigation of eutrophication induced by nutrient emissions caused by humans. Eutrophication has numerous severe impacts on the environment, such as massive macroalgal blooms that contribute to the presence of large amounts of algae and seaweed that are eventually washed ashore on the Baltic Sea coast where they begin decomposing. On Gotland, these organic masses are called “släke”, beach wrack or beach cast in English, and are usually considered a nuisance as they can bother beach tourists. Beach cast is however very rich in nutrients, and harvesting beach cast to use it as a resource could contribute to creating circular flows as nutrients are removed from the sea while simultaneously the beach is cleaned and the beach cast could pose a potentially valuable resource useful for soil improvement or biofuel, for example. There are, however, several obstacles in the way of sustainably harvesting and using beach cast. The purpose of this project is to investigate the available possibilities to sustainably harvest and use beach cast as a bioresource on Gotland. This was done partly by identifying obstacles and incentives for beach cast harvesting in the Baltic region using a literature study as well as an interview with a government figure on Gotland. It was also explored through a case study where these obstacles were used to estimate the possibility of harvesting beach cast in a chosen study area on the east coast of Gotland. Several obstacles for harvest and use of beach cast could be identified in the literature study and were then divided into the following main categories: trash, erosion, biodiversity, machines, costs, juridical obstacles, time constraint, quality, logistics and heavy metals. Results from the interview corroborate that many of these obstacles are present on Gotland, among others, biodiversity that is susceptible to damage caused by harvesting or the removal of beach cast, various juridical obstacles to attain funding, and the potential contents of heavy metals in beach cast that can limit its possible uses. The case study also showed that some of the most important obstacles are juridical obstacles such as different forms of environmental protection such as nature reserves, that limit the possibility to harvest beach cast. The risk of erosion through removal of sand and costs due to harvesting with machines are other factors that affect the suitability of harvesting beach cast. Also, anthropogenic trash mixed in with the beach cast was mentioned. A conclusion that can be drawn is that there are many advantages as well as obstacles when it comes to harvest and use of beach cast. To be able to harvest and use beach cast in a sustainable manner the harvest site needs to be analyzed using these obstacles and be weighed against the advantages in order to determine whether harvesting is suitable. The case study also showed that different beaches have different qualifications for sustainable beach cast harvesting based on the obstacles. Several of the obstacles found in literature or from the interview couldn’t be applied to the study area, however, due to limited data, and therefore it is not possible to draw any exclusive conclusions concerning sustainable beach cast harvesting in the area.

Benthic foraminifera are exceptional organisms with distinctive features that allow for interpretation of both past and present environmental conditions. Some benthic foraminifera are widely distributed while some are restricted to specific environments due to their way of life. Foraminiferal assemblages south of Biscayne Bay and north of Cape Canaveral have previously been investigated; however, a gap exists in data covering a transitional zone along the Florida coast between the tropical waters of the western Atlantic and the cooler coastal waters along the North American coast. The purpose of this study was to collect baseline data on the benthic foraminifera of the small marine environment off of Pompano Beach that falls within this zone. This environment has a very particular relict reef system that includes a near-shore ridge complex, the unique foraminiferal assemblage of which has not been documented. Thirteen rubble samples were collected from this near shore ridge complex between October 2013 and April 2015 from depths of 2.5m – 9m. Abundances and diversity indices were calculated, and multivariate analysis and SHEBI analysis carried out to summarize baseline data for the area. Substrate types and seasonal collections were compared with foraminiferal abundances to determine if benthic foraminifera diversity varied between the four substrate types found on the near-shore ridge and between wet and dry seasons in Florida. Results revealed a variation in abundances for both substrates and seasons with the dominant genera being Quinqueloculina, Laevipeneroplis, and Archaias. Multivariate analysis displayed dissimilarities between substrates colonized by corals and those that were uncolonized. Comparison of studies from surrounding areas revealed fewer, however similar, species and different dominant genera. Overall, this area has proven to be a different environment compared to surrounding coastal areas and merits further investigation. / Includes bibliography. / Thesis (M.S.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2016. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection

From 1985 to 2015, local politicians like Kenneth G. Spillias, Jan Winters, and Nancy M. Graham reshaped downtown West Palm Beach. They promised to eliminate urban blight, and turned a crime-ridden area of the city into an upper-middle class entertainment zone frequented by wealthy pleasure-seekers from throughout Palm Beach County. However, much of this transformation was an illusion. These politicians eliminated local taxpayers from the decision-making process by circumventing their votes, but subsequently taxed them to pay for the improvements. Furthermore, blight was not eliminated downtown, merely relocated to areas surrounding the entertainment zone. This resulted in ongoing tension between the mostly white patrons and business owners in the redeveloped area, and the primarily black residents in the dilapidated neighborhoods surrounding this development. / Includes bibliography. / Thesis (M.A.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2017. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection