Dissertation (PhD(Agric))--University of Stellenbosch, 2007. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study is a search for a quantifiable measure which estimates the genetic merit of female animals’ breeding efficiency. For practical reasons, such a measure must be both simple and inexpensive to record, irrespective of the herd management strategy. A literature investigation was undertaken to summarize breeding objectives for reproduction efficiency and to review different ways of expressing genetic reproduction efficiency. Traits to assess these in terms of the breeding objective, merits and requirements in terms of data collection are discussed. During the lifetime of a cow events occur which influence her fertility. A distinction is made between component traits and aggregate traits: a component trait points to one event, while aggregate traits are composites of more than one event. Although all the traits discussed seem relevant for breeding value estimation, the practical application depends on the herd management system in use. Age at first calving and days to calving are component traits that are easily and inexpensively measurable. Heritability estimates for the age at first calving were moderate. The heritability estimated for days to calving was 0.09. Calving rate comes close to the overall breeding objective. The estimated heritability of calving rate is low (0.04), resulting in slow genetic improvement. Calving success was defined and investigated even though some constraints exist. A sire model proved that genetic variation exists for calving success on the underlying scale. The corresponding heritability estimate was 0.27. Three categorical traits were defined. For stayability a sire variance of 0.41 was estimated with a heritabitity on the underlying scale of 0.27. The sire variances and heritabilities estimated for retention and calf tempo were high. Of the three traits, calf tempo is the one that reflects the true fertility of the bull’s female progeny. Calf tempo was redefined as net breeding merit, a trait describing the retention of male animals and the reproductive performance of their female offspring. The obtained sire variances show that the trait is heritable and can be improved by selection. Net breeding merit gives an indication of the ‘success’ of sires in a given population. A heritability estimate of 0.20 was estimated on a data set comprising offspring of bulls older than nine years, but when offspring of all sires were included, heritability estimates of 0.08 and 0.11 for the Afrikaner and Bonsmara, respectively, were found. Adjusting for young females was investigated by using the best linear unbiased estimate (BLUE) deviations to derive adjustment factors for herd level in order to predict performance for net breeding merit. Variation in the BLUE deviations occurred between all age class groups for the Afrikaner, whereas for the Bonsmara the variation between the BLUE deviations for the 3 year olds seems greater than the variation in the other age groups. It is suggested that the standardized curve for herd performance level derived from the BLUE deviations be used to adjust the phenotypic values of younger animals. This way the comparison between older and younger animals should be more valid. In conclusion, reproductive traits are heritable and genetic improvement can be achieved through selection. Any economical viable beef enterprise should include at least one trait in their selection criteria that will improve the reproductive efficiency. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie is ‘n ondersoek na ‘n kwantifiseerbare maatstaf wat die genetiese meriete van vroulike diere se teeldoeltreffendheid beraam. Om praktiese redes moet so ‘n beraming sowel eenvoudig as goedkoop wees om te bepaal, onafhanklik van die kudde bestuurstrategie. ‘n Literatuurstudie is onderneem om die teeldoeleindes vir reproduktiewe doeltreffendheid op te som, sowel as om die verskillende wyses van genetiese reproduksiedoeltreffendheid beskrywing onder oë te neem. Verskeie eienskappe om hierdie beskrywings in terme van teeldoeleindes, meriete en dataversamelings-vereistes te raam, word bespreek. Gedurende ‘n koei se leeftyd kom gebeurtenisse voor wat haar vrugbaarheid beïnvloed. Daar word onderskei tussen komponenteienskappe en aggregaateienskappe: ‘n komponenteienskap verwys na een gebeurtenis, terwyl aggregaateienskappe na samestellings van meer as een gebeurtenis verwys. Hoewel al die eienskappe wat bespreek word relevant voorkom, sal die praktiese toepassing afhang van die kuddebestuurstelsel in gebruik. Ouderdom by eerste kalwing en dae tot kalwing is komponenteienskappe wat maklik en goedkoop bepaal kan word. Oorerflikheidsramings vir die ouderdom van eerste kalwing was matig. Die oorerflikheidsraming vir dae tot kalwing was 0.09. Kalffrekwensie is baie na aan die oorkoepelende teeldoelwit. Die geraamde oorerflikheid vir kalffrekwensie is laag (0.04), wat stadige genetiese verbetering tot gevolg het. Kalfsukses is gedefinieer en ondersoek, hoewel enkele beperkings bestaan het. ‘n Vaar-model het aangetoon dat genetiese variasie ten opsigte van kalfsukses op die onderliggende skaal bestaan. Die ooreenkomstige oorerflikheidsraming was 0.27. Drie kategoriese eienskappe is gedefinieer. Vir blyvermoë in die kudde is ‘n vaar-variansie van 0.41 geraam, met ‘n oorerflikheid van 0.27 op die onderliggende skaal. Die vaar-variansies en oorerflikhede wat vir retensie en kalftempo bereken is, was hoog. Van die drie eienskappe is kalftempo die een wat die ware vrugbaarheid van die bul se vroulike nageslag reflekteer. Kalftempo is herdefinieer as netto teelmeriete, ‘n eienskap wat die retensie van manlike diere en die reproduktiewe prestasie van hulle vroulike nasate beskryf. Die verkreë vaar-variasies wys dat die eienskap oorerflik is en verbeter kan word met seleksie. Netto teelmeriete gee ‘n aanduiding van die “sukses” van ‘n vaar in ‘n gegewe populasie. ‘n Oorerflikheidsraming van 0.30 is verkry op ‘n datastel bestaande uit die nageslag van bulle ouer as nege jaar, maar as die nageslag van alle vaars ingesluit is, was die oorerflikheidsraming onderskeidelik 0.08 en 0.11 vir die Afrikaner en Bonsmara. Aanpassing vir jong vroulike diere is ondersoek deur gebruik te maak van die beste lineêre onpartydige beramings (BLUE) om korreksiefaktore vir die kuddevlak te verkry, ten einde die prestasie ten opsigte van netto teelmeriete te voorspel. Variasies in die BLUE afwykings het voorgekom tussen alle ouderdomsgroepe vir die Afrikaner, terwyl vir die Bonsmara die variasie tussen BLUE afwykings vir die 3-jaar oud diere groter was as vir die ander ouderdomsgroepe. Dit word voorgestel dat die gestandardiseerde kurwe vir kuddeprestasievlak wat afgelei word van BLUE afwykings gebruik word om die fenotipiesewaardes van jonger diere aan te pas. Op hierdie wyse behoort die vergelyking tussen ouer en jonger diere meer geldig te wees. Ten slotte, reproduktiewe eienskappe is oorerfbaar en genetiese vordering is moontlik deur seleksie. Enige ekonomies lewensvatbare vleisbees-onderneming behoort ten minste een eienskap wat die reproduktiewe doeltreffendhied sal verbeter, in te sluit in seleksie kriteria.

This item was digitized as part of the Million Books Project led by Carnegie Mellon University and supported by grants from the National Science Foundation (NSF). Cornell University coordinated the participation of land-grant and agricultural libraries in providing historical agricultural information for the digitization project; the University of Arizona Libraries, the College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, and the Office of Arid Lands Studies collaborated in the selection and provision of material for the digitization project.

No description available.

Master of Science / Department of Animal Sciences and Industry / Robert L. Weaber / The dynamic environments, varying production practices, and general biological uncertainty associated with bovine reproduction makes informed, strategic decision making regarding the implementation of bovine reproductive technology a great challenge for producers. One might also argue that traditionally, ET’s primary focus of genetic improvement has greatly overshadowed any consideration of short to mid-term financial gain. To accomplish the objective of creating an economic risk analysis tool for user-defined embryo transfer (ET) programs, a circumstantial, stochastic prediction model utilizing @Risk© software to generate comparable economic values as an aid in the ET decision making process has been created. More realistic than the use of means in deterministic models, distributions defining the biological uncertainty for a multitude of reproductive outcomes are estimated through extensive literature review and limited industry sources. Applying the Latin Hypercube variation of Monte Carlo simulation, a sample value from the descriptive distribution associated with each stochastic variable is included in an iteration of the simulation. Through large numbers of iterations with dynamic combinations of variables, the process culminates in a distribution of possible values for the net present value (NPV), annuity equivalent net present value (ANPV), and return on investment (ROI) associated with the model described scenario of in-vivo derived (IVD) or in-vitro produced (IVP). Finally, using the distributions of NPV, ANPV, and ROI a decision maker can assess the economic risk linked to a user-defined ET program. To further complicate matters, cattle producers are now presented with a choice between two primary methods of ET. IVD ET describes the traditional method of ET that involves follicular stimulation and insemination of a donor female followed by the collection of fertilized embryos from the uterus. IVP commonly refers to the method of generating transferable embryos by collecting oocytes by ovarian aspiration; in-vitro fertilization of the collected oocytes; and incubated maturation of the fertilized oocytes. Encompassed within the two methods of ET exist several different sub-techniques, principally regarding the exception or inclusion of follicular synchronization and/or stimulation before ovum pick-up (OPU) in IVP procedures. Ultimately, operators must decide whether ET programs, of any type, serve as an economically viable means to increase rate of genetic improvement or take advantage of marketing opportunities. Although several economic value predictors for ET programs already exist (Beltrame et al. 2010), the opportunity remains to create more applicable models for Bos taurus beef production and varying marketing avenues in the U.S. This circumstantial, stochastic simulation model can serve as an aid in the ET decision making process by generating output that allows for the financial risk and sensitivity analysis of a user-defined ET program.

Call number: LD2668 .T4 1986 H66 / Master of Science

Orientador : Flávio Abranches Pinheiro / Banca: Izabel Cristina Takitane / Banca: Ciro Moraes Barros / Banca: Geraldo Sant'Ana C. de Barros / Banca: Evaristo Marzabal Neves / Resumo: A bovinocultura de corte é de reconhecida importância no agronegócio brasileiro (mercado interno e externo), sendo que o país tem o segundo rebanho bovino mundial, com cerca de 80% destinados a produção de carne (maioria de zebuínos). Um dos limitantes desta atividade é a reprodução dos animais, que permite que o rebanho cresça em número e qualidade. Atuando-se sobre a reprodução, pode-se melhorar a conversão alimentar, diminuindo o custo. A inseminação artificial (IA) tem grande importância na obtenção de ganhos quantitativos e qualitativos (e.g. ganho genético), além de permitir um melhor controle do rebanho. Novas tecnologias de inseminação estão sendo aperfeiçoadas, inclusive tratamentos hormonais que possibilitam a IA com tempo fixo (IATF). Considerando a questão energética, é importante o desenvolvimento de tecnologias que otimizem os gastos energéticos na bovinocultura. Este trabalho tem por objetivo avaliar os custos econômicos (valores em reais, julho de 2003) nos manejos reprodutivos: IA convencional (IAC), IATF (GnRH-PGF2 -GnRH, GnRH-PGF2 -BE), GP (controle, GnRH-PGF2 e IA) e Monta; em vacas Nelore (zebuínos), além de fazer considerações sobre o gasto energético biológico destes manejos. A partir de dados obtidos em uma fazenda comercial da região de Botucatu, SP, foram realizadas análises de custos de reprodução de bezerros, nas tecnologias de IAC, IATF (grupos GPG-9, GPG-12, GPE-15 e GPE-18) e GP (GP-21 e GP-24) associados à Monta; e Monta-Simulado. O melhor Custo Total Unitário de reprodução por bezerro (CTU) foi observado na IAC (R$ 127,00) com taxa de prenhez (TxPr) de 84%. Na IATF, o melhor resultado foi do grupo GPE-15 (R$ 130,00, TxPr 74%)...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Beef cattle is a very important sector in Brazilian agribusiness, both in domestic and international market. Brazil has the second largest bovine herd in the world, with 80% of beef cattle (mostly Bos indicus). A limiting factor of this activity is the animal reproduction, which allows herd improvement and growth. Acting on reproduction may allow improvements on feed conversion, diminishing costs. Artificial insemination (AI) is a way of obtaining quantitative and qualitative gains (genetic improvement), in addition to a better herd management. New technologies on AI are been developed, including hormonal treatments which allow timed fixed AI (TAI). Besides, on the energetic approach, the development of new technologies optimizing energy expenses is also very important. The aim of this study was to evaluate the economic costs (in Reais, July 2003) on several reproductive handlings: Conventional AI (IAC), Timed AI (TAI; GnRH-PGF2 -GnRH; GnRH-PGF2 -BE), Synchronized estrus GP (control, GnRH-PGF2 and AI) and Natural Service; in Nelore cows (Bos indicus), in addition to making short considerations regarding energetic expenses on those handlings. Reproduction costs analysis were performed on data obtained on a commercial farm in Botucatu, SP, on IAC and TAI (groups GPG-9, GPG-12, GPE-15 and GPE-18) and GP (GP-21 e GP-24) associated to Natural Service; and simulated Natural Service group. The best total reproduction cost per calf (CTU, R$ 127,00) was observed in IAC with the pregnancy rate (TxPr) of 84%; otherwise, in TAI, the best result was from GPE-15 (R$ 130,00, TxPr 74%). The simulated Natural Service group had a CTU of R$ 116,00, with TxPr of 87%. The other groups obtained CTUs of R$163,00 (GPG-12, TxPr 69%), R$174,00 (GPE-18, TxPr 68%), R$181,00 (GP-21, TxPr 59%), R$ 189,00 (GPG-9, TxPr 67%) e R$ 338,00 (GP-24 TxPr 31%)...(Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

Resumo: O temperamento bovino é uma característica geralmente definida por um conjunto de comportamentos dos animais em relação ao homem. Essa característica influencia o potencial produtivo de rebanhos por estar correlacionada com características de desempenho e qualidade de carcaça e ter relação com aspectos facilitadores do dia a dia do manejo, bem-estar e segurança dos animais e funcionários. O temperamento (T) apresenta estimativas de herdabilidade de moderadas a baixas e é influenciado por práticas de manejo e condições ambientais, sendo importante o conhecimento de tais fatores para ações de seleção. O relacionamento de características de desempenho, como ganho de peso pós-desmama (GPD) e de biotipo por escores visuais, como conformação (C), precocidade (P) e musculosidade (M), vem sendo utilizado em diversos programas de melhoramento visando a melhor identificar animais de conformação produtiva superior pela associação de desempenho com tipo morfológico. Neste trabalho foram utilizados 33.967 registros de escores de temperamento, GPD, C, P e M de animais da raça Nelore controlados pelo programa de melhoramento genético da Lagoa da Serra Ltda. (PAINT®). Os dados foram analisados utilizando modelo animal, com análises uni e bi-catacterísticas, pelo método de máxima verossimilhança restrita, em que se estimaram parâmetros genéticos, fenotípicos e ambientais para as características, e verificaram os benefícios do uso da medida de temperamento em um programa de melhoramento genético. As herdabilidades estimadas foram 0,18 l 0,02; 0,26 l 0,03; 0,28 l 0,03; 0,33 l 0,03 e 0,35 l 0,03 para T, GPG, C, P e M, respectivamente. Os valores de correlação genética entre temperamento e as outras características mostraram-se de pequena magnitude, mas favoráveis. Os resultados demonstraram que as características podem responder à seleção e que há tendência de resposta correlacionada. / Abstract: Bovine temperament is a trait generally defined by a set of behaviors of the animals in relation to man. This trait has demonstrated influence on productive potential of herds, due to its correlation with performance and quality of carcass traits, as well as a day by day relation with aspects of handling, welfare and security of animals and employees, besides significant reduction on investments or rationalization of these in other production system areas. Temperament has heritability ranging from moderate to low and it is affected by handling practices and environmental conditions, so, it is important to know such factors for selection issues. The relationship between performance traits, as weight gain after weaning (GPD) and biotype for visual scores, as conformation (C), precocity (P) and musculature (M), has been used by several breeding programs aiming better identification of animals showing good productive conformation through the association of performance with morphological traits. Data of score of temperament, GPD, C, P and M recorded on 33,967 Nelore animal pertaining to PAINT®, the Lagoa da Serra Ltda. breeding program were used. The data were analyzed using an animal model, by the Restricted Maximum Likelihood method to estimate genetic, phenotypic and environmental parameters for T, GPD, C, P and M. Uni and bi-trait analyses were carried out for T and GPD, C, P and M to estimate genetic correlation and heritabilites of these traits. The estimates of heritability were 0.18 l 0.02; 0.26 l 0.03; 0.28 l 0.03; 0.33 l 0.03 and 0.35 l 0.03 for T, GPG, C, P and M, respectively. The values of genetic correlation between temperament and the other traits were low, but favorable. The results demonstrated that the traits could respond to selection and, that selection for T could show indirect response on productive traits. / Orientadora: Sandra Aidar de Queiroz / Coorientador: Luiz Alberto Fires / Banca: Maurício Mello de Alencar / Banca: Joanir Pereira Eler / Mestre

Resumo: Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar desempenho, parâmetros de eficiência e correlações fenotípicas entre diferentes medidas de eficiência energética de animais Nelore selecionados para peso pós desmame e classificados quanto ao consumo alimentar residual (CAR). O CAR foi calculado pela diferença entre o consumo observado e o predito, baseado no PV0,75 e ganho médio diário (GMD), sendo os animais classificados como alto CAR (> 0,5 desvio padrão da média - menos eficientes), médio CAR (± 0,5 desvio padrão da média), e baixo CAR (< 0,5 desvio padrão da média - mais eficientes). Não foram observadas diferenças em PV inicial e final, GMD e consumo de matéria seca (CMS) entre as classes de CAR. Animais baixo CAR mostraram-se também foram melhores em eficiência alimentar, conversão alimentar e eficiência parcial de crescimento e não apresentaram diferenças em relação a taxa de crescimento relativo e taxa Kleiber. O CAR foi correlacionado à eficiência alimentar (-0,25), conversão alimentar (0,25), eficiência parcial de crescimento (-0,37) e CMS (0,16), não apresentou correlação significativa com PV (0,04), GMD (-0,02), taxa de crescimento relativo (-0,03) e taxa de Kleiber (-0,05). Foram encontradas correlações significativas entre conversão alimentar e PV inicial (0,34) e GMD (-0,46). A eficiência parcial de crescimento foi correlacionada a todos os outros parâmetros de eficiência analisados. O CAR, quando comparado às demais medidas de eficiência energética, apresenta grande potencial na eficiência produtiva, sem alterar crescimento e tamanho dos animais. / Abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate performance, efficiency parameters and phenotypic correlations between different measures of energetic efficiency in animals Nellore selected for post weaning weight, and classified for residual feed intake (RFI). RFI was calculated as the difference between observed and predicted feed intake based on LW0.75 and average daily gain (ADG). Animals were classified as high RFI (> 0.5 standard deviation - less efficient), medium RFI ( ± 0.5 standard deviation), and low RFI (<0.5 standard deviation - more efficient). There were no differences in initial and final BW, ADG and dry matter intake (DMI) between RFI levels. Low RFI animals also were better in feed efficiency, feed conversion and partial efficiency of growth and were not different of relative growth rate and Kleiber ratio. RFI was correlated with feed efficiency (-0.25), feed conversion (0.25), partial efficiency of growth (-0.37) and DMI (0.16), and was not significantly correlated with BW (0.04 ), ADG (-0.02), relative growth rate (-0.03) and Kleiber ratio (-0.05). Significant correlations between feed conversion and initial BW (0.34) and ADG (-0.46) were detected. Partial efficiency of growth was correlated to all the others efficiency parameters analyzed. RFI, when compared to other energy efficiency measures, has great potential in productive efficiency, without affecting growth and size of animals. / Orientador: Heraldo César Gonçalves / Coorientador: Renata Helena Branco / Banca: Sarah Figueiredo Martins Bonilha / Banca: Guilherme Fernando Alleoni / Mestre

Orientador: Maurício Mello de Aguiar / Coorientador: Mateus José Rodrigues Paranhos da Costa / Banca: Alfredo Ribeiro de Freitas / Banca: Andrea Roberto Bueno Ribeiro / Resumo: A reatividade é um dos aspectos do temperamento animal e é definido como as reações dos animais a diferentes situações de manejo, sendo tais reações invariavelmente associadas a estímulos ocasionados pela presença humana. É, portanto, uma característica de importância econômica, pois além de ter relação com aspectos facilitadores do manejo está relacionada com características produtivas, sendo assim, é uma característica passível de ser utilizada como critério de seleção. Os objetivos do presente trabalho foram estudar as associações existentes entre variáveis de reatividade e possíveis efeitos de fatores de ambiente sobre essa característica, além de avaliar a possibilidade de seleção para essa característica por meio de estimativas de parâmetros genéticos. Foram utilizados dados de 800 novilhos da raça Nelore, de três safras (2007, 2008 e 2009), oriundos de cinco fazendas, confinados aproximadamente aos 18 meses de idade, em dois locais. Foram realizadas no mínimo duas avaliações para cada animal, por meio de duas metodologias para a avaliação da reatividade, o escore de agitação na balança de pesagem (EA) e a velocidade de saída (VSaída). As variáveis escore de deslocamento (DESL), escore de tensão (TENS), escore de mugido (MUG), escore de coice (COI), escore de respiração (RESP), escore de posição corporal (PC), escore composto (EC) e velocidade de saída (Vsaída) foram transformadas e, com base na análise de componentes principais, duas novas variáveis foram obtidas, escore de reatividade 1 (ER1) e escore de reatividade 2 (ER2). As variáveis DESL, TENS, EC, VSaída, ER1 e ER2 foram analisadas pelo procedimento Mixed, utilizando-se um modelo de medidas repetidas com os seguintes efeitos: safra (ano de nascimento), local de confinamento (local), interação safra-local, origem do animal, animal aninhado... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico a / Abstract: Reactivity is one aspect of animal temperament and is defined as the reactions of the animal to different management situations associated to reaction stimulus to human presence. It is an important trait, besides its relation with easy of management, it is related with productive traits, so it is a candidate to be a selection criterion. The objectives of this study were to understand the associations among reactivity traits and environmental factors affecting them, and to evaluate the trait as a selection criterion. Data on 800 Nelore steers, out of three crops (2007, 2008 e 2009), from five herds, confined at 18 months of age in two feedlots were used. At least two reactivity evaluations were made in each animal, using two methodologies: agitation score on weighing scale and flight speed. The traits movement score (MS), tenseness score (TS), vocalization score (VS), body position score (BP), breathing score BS), kicking score (KS), compound score (CS) and flight speed (FS) were transformed and, based on principal components analyses, two new variables were created, reactivity score 1 (RS1) and reactivity score 2 (RS2). The variables MS, TS, CS, FS, RS1 and RS2 were analyzed using the Mixed procedure with a repeated measures model that besides the overall mean included the effects of crop (year of birth), feedlot, the interaction crop x feedlot, herd, steer within crop-herd-feedlot (error a), measure and residual, and another model where measure was substituted for the covariate days in feedlot. All effects in the model affected significantly the traits studied, with the exception of feedlot for FS and crop for RS1. In general, reactivity got better from the beginning to the end of the feedlot. Genetic parameters were estimated for untransformed MS, TS, CS and FS by the derivative free restricted maximum likelihood method with... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Orientador: Lúcia Galvão de Albuquerque / Coorientador: Fernando Sebastián Baldi Rey / Banca: Danísio Prado Munari / Banca: Maria Eugênia Zerlotti Mercadante / Resumo: As características reprodutivas são as principais determinantes da eficiência biológica e econômica dos sistemas de produção de carne bovina. Do ponto de vista econômico, na bovinocultura de corte, a eficiência reprodutiva é a característica mais importante, seguida das características de crescimento e, por último, das características de carcaça. Além desses aspectos, as características reprodutivas também influenciam o ganho genético ou resposta à seleção, pois estão relacionadas à intensidade de seleção.Os objetivos deste trabalho foram verificar a presença de interação genótipo - ambiente (IGA) para idade ao primeiro parto (IPP) e para dias para o primeiro parto (DPP) em rebanhos de bovinos da raça Nelore criados a pasto em diferentes condições ambientais utilizando modelos de normas de reação. Foram utilizados dados de idade ao primeiro parto e dias para o primeiro parto de 27.448 fêmeas da raça Nelore, filhas de 647 touros, e nascidas entre 1984 a 2005, pertencentes a 29 rebanhos que participam do Programa de Melhoramento Genético da Conexão Delta G. No modelo de normas de reação, os componentes de variâncias e valores genéticos são regredidos sobre alguma característica ou indicador de variabilidade ambiental (gradiente ambiental). Para a formação dos gradientes ambientais (GA), foram consideradas as variáveis de fazenda (nascimento e sobreano), estação de nascimento (verão; outono; inverno; primavera) e grupo de manejo (ao nascimento, a desmama e ao sobreano). Posteriormente, os GA com médias de ganho de peso pós-desmama semelhantes foram agrupadas em oito classes. O modelo incluiu o efeito genético aditivo direto como efeito aleatório e, como fixo, o grupo de contemporâneos (GC). O software WOMBAT foi utilizado para realizar as analises para as... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The objective of this study were to verify the presence of genotype-environment interaction for age at first calving (AFC) and days to the first calving (DFC) in Nelore cattle raised on pasture under differents environmental conditions. Data for age at first calving and days to the first calving from 27,448 Nelore females, daughters of 647 bulls and born between 1984 to 2005, belonging to 29 participating herds in the Program for Genetic Improvement Conexão Delta G. In the model of reaction norms, the variance components and breeding values are regressed on some characteristics or environmental variability indicator (environmental gradient). For the formation of the environmental gradients (EG), the variables farm (birth and yeaning), birth season (summer, autumn, winter and spring) and management group ( birth, weaning and yearling) were considered . Subsequently, the EG with similar mean post-weaning weight gain were grouped into eight classes. The model included the direct genetic effect as random effect and as fixed the contemporary group (CG). The WOMBAT software was used to perform the analysis for AFC and DFC, using an animal model, which includes as fixed effect the contemporary group and as random the animal and residual, while for DFC the model included as fixed effects the contemporary group, type of service, calf sex and variable qualifying the sexual precocity of females (early/late) and as random the animal and residual. The CG was formed by the farm (birth and yeaning), birth season (summer, autumn, winter and spring) and management group (birth, weaning and yearling). In the random regression analysis (reaction norms), we used linear Legendre polynomials, regressed on the post-weaning weight gain adjusted for each class of EG (eight classes). Linear Legendre polynomials were also... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre