Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T16:44:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Felipe Mortara.pdf: 1577312 bytes, checksum: a45214fcca0b1b655553c191377c93ca (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-19 / This research project identified relationships between career anchors and the activities of journalists that work in a large printing media company in Brazil. Through the analysis of a case study with 56 journalists from Grupo Estado editorial office, the survey focused on how the journalists perform and adapt their careers in an increasingly transforming scenario, under the influence of new technologies and media convergence. Life style and autonomy and independence were the prevalent carrer anchors found among editors and reporters. It was observed that not only reporters with this profile have better chances to become editors but the latter will have preference for hiring reporters with similar career anchors. Also, at least within this case study, to verify elements that include journalists within boundaryless and protean careers were observed / Nesta pesquisa foram identificadas relações entre as âncoras de carreira e as atividades dos jornalistas que atuam dentro de uma grande empresa de comunicação impressa. Por meio de pesquisa descritiva de estudo de caso com 56 jornalistas que atuam na redação do Grupo Estado, procurou-se elucidar de que forma o contexto em transformação em que estes jornalistas atuam, sob influência das novas tecnologias e da convergência dos meios, interfere em sua carreira. As âncoras de carreira mais encontradas foram as de estilo de vida e autonomia e independência, sendo esta última com maior incidência tanto em editores como em repórteres. Constatou-se que tanto repórteres com esta âncora têm mais chance de tornarem-se editores quanto que editores têm mais propensão a contratar repórteres com esta âncora. Foi possível também observar elementos que, ao menos dentro deste estudo de caso, incluem os jornalistas dentro das carreiras sem fronteiras e das carreiras proteanas

[pt] O objetivo central desta pesquisa foi compreender a influência dos múltiplos contextos e da agência sobre a construção das carreiras de trabalhadoras das classes populares, especificamente as que atuam em serviços terceirizados de limpeza. A abordagem neobourdieusiana proposta assumiu como ponto de partida e influência central o arcabouço conceitual proposto pelo sociólogo brasileiro Jessé Souza (2012a, 2009, 2012b), cujo intuito declarado foi desvelar o ancoramento institucional das ideias subjacentes à persistente desigualdade social no Brasil. Objetivou-se, igualmente, atender às demandas, recorrentes no âmbito do campo de estudos de carreira, pela realização de pesquisas voltadas às trajetórias ocupacionais de trabalhadores das classes populares (GUEST; STURGES, 2007; THOMAS, 1989; WALTON; MALLON, 2004). A relevância atribuída às influências contextuais sobre as carreiras individuais resultou na aproximação dos contornos teóricos propostos por Bourdieu (1990) com elementos da sociologia psicológica de Bernard Lahire (2002, 2016); com vistas a caminhar para além das cercanias de uma abordagem disposicionalista, optou-se por contemplar a dimensão reflexiva da atividade humana a partir do conceito de conversações internas, introduzido pelo pragmatismo norte-americano e retomado pela socióloga britânica Margareth Archer (2003, 2007). Ao fim e ao cabo, acredita-se que os resultados desta pesquisa apontam para a necessidade de relativização das teses em favor da crescente individualização (BECK, 1997, 2010; GIDDENS, 1997, 2002; DUBAR, 2010) e destradicionalização experimentadas na alta modernidade (GIDDENS, 1991). Contrapõe-se, assim, à tendência dominante de homogeneização, a partir de um processo abstrato de generalização, das condições de possibilidade dos estratos superiores para o conjunto da população (MATTOS, 2006), dissociada de uma análise contextualizada das múltiplas condicionantes sociais e simbólicas. A priorização do foco das novas carreiras, sobretudo as ‘carreiras sem fronteiras’, em trajetórias profissionais em áreas de atividade econômica específicas, com destaque para os setores criativos e intensivos em tecnologia, e sua universalização para toda e qualquer trajetória ocupacional é assumido aqui como um caso concreto desta tendência. Na visão de alguns autores (ROPER; GANESH; INKSON, 2012), essa representação voluntarista de carreira flerta com a ideologia neoliberal, legitimando, assim, a transferência de responsabilidades e riscos do empregador para o empregado. Todavia, a aproximação de casos concretos, a exemplo das histórias de vida das interlocutoras desta pesquisa, é capaz de revelar uma realidade dissonante de tais pressupostos. A abordagem multicontextual e multinível adotada nesta tese permitiu que se verificassem a existência de múltiplas fronteiras interpostas ao longo das narrativas das interlocutoras, segmentadas em múltiplas trajetórias – familiar, social, de lazer, habitacional, educacional, profissional, moral e religiosa. Pôde-se observar a influência exercida pelos múltiplos contextos sobre a construção de um habitus precário, correspondente à posse de baixos volumes de capital familiar, social, cultural e econômico, e a níveis limitados de reflexividade − bounded agency (MACDONALD; MARSH, 2005; SCHOON; PETER; ROSS, 2012) −, com impactos sobre a inserção e o desenvolvimento das carreiras dessas mulheres em posições subalternas no mercado de trabalho. / [en] The main objective of this research is to understand the influence of multiple contexts and the agency about the construction of the working class individuals careers, specifically those working in outsourced cleaning services. The proposed neobourdieusian approach took as a starting point and central influence the conceptual framework proposed by the Brazilian sociologist Jessé Souza (2012a, 2009, 2012b), whose declared intention was to unveil the institutional anchoring of the ideas underlying the persistent social inequality in Brazil. It was also intended to meet the recurrent demands in the field of career studies, for the realization of research focused on the careers of working class individuals (GUEST; STURGES, 2007; THOMAS, 1989; WALTON MALLON, 2004). The relevance attributed to contextual influences on careers resulted in the approximation of the theoretical framework proposed by Bourdieu (1990) with elements of Bernard Lahire s psychological sociology (2002, 2016); in order to go beyond a disposicionalist approach, this research contemplated reflexivity from the concept of internal conversations, introduced by American pragmatism and taken up by British sociologist Margaret Archer (2003, 2007). It is believed that the results of this research point to the need to relativize theses in favor of increasing individualization (BECK, 1997, 2010; GIDDENS, 1997, 2002; DUBAR, 2010) and distraditionalization experienced in high modernity (GIDDENS, 1991). It represents a counterpoint to the dominant trend of homogenizing the conditions of possibility of the upper strata for the whole of the population (MATTOS, 2006), thus, undervaluing the multiple social and symbolic constraints. The prioritization of the focus of the new careers, especially the boundaryless careers, on specific economic sectors, with prominence for the creative and intensive sectors in technology, and the universalization of findings for all occupational trajectories is assumed here as a concrete case of this trend. According to some authors (ROPER; GANESH INKSON, 2012), this voluntarist view of career flirts with neoliberal ideology, thus legitimizing the transfer of employers responsibilities and risks to the employees. However, concrete cases such as the life stories of the respondents in this research reveal a dissonant reality of the assumptions usually portrayed in the research associated with the new careers. The multi-contextual and multilevel approach adopted in this thesis revealed the existence of multiple boundaries interposed throughout the life stories of the respondents, which were segmented in multiple trajectories – family, social, leisure, housing, educational, professional, moral and religious. As a result, it was observed the decisive influence exerted by multiple contexts on the construction of a precarious habitus, corresponding to the possession of low volumes of family, social, cultural and economic capital, and at limited levels of reflexivity − bounded agency (MACDONALD; MARSH, 2005; SCHOON; PETER ROSS, 2012) −, which conditions the insertion and development of these women s careers in subordinated positions in the labor market.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2018-11-12T13:37:36Z No. of bitstreams: 1 rafaellucasdasilvasantos.pdf: 1876635 bytes, checksum: c7551060414b875f63e981c2076ebd24 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2018-11-23T13:12:22Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 rafaellucasdasilvasantos.pdf: 1876635 bytes, checksum: c7551060414b875f63e981c2076ebd24 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-23T13:12:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 rafaellucasdasilvasantos.pdf: 1876635 bytes, checksum: c7551060414b875f63e981c2076ebd24 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-10-09 / A gestão de pessoas ressurge, na perspectiva das organizações, com papel estratégico de gerar de vantagem competitiva a partir das relações interpessoais e das competências dos colaboradores que compõem os quadros funcionais. Por outro lado, as pessoas também passaram a perceber, por meio do fortalecimento das suas redes de relacionamento e do acesso cada vez mais rápido ao conhecimento e experiências, que suas carreiras não se limitam às fronteiras dos quadros funcionais de uma única organização e que, portanto, cada vez mais, é necessário haver uma identificação entre os objetivos e motivações pessoais do indivíduo e a cultura de uma organização. Nesse contexto, a partir da evidência sobre a preparação para o exercício profissional propiciada pela UFJF aos alunos de graduação, apurada no Questionário do Estudante do Enade aplicado nas edições de 2009 e 2012, o presente trabalho surge com o objetivo geral de investigar a percepção dos graduandos em Ciência da Computação, Sistemas de Informação, Geografia, Educação Física, Direito e Engenharia Civil e também dos gestores da UFJF quanto à preparação proporcionada pela Universidade, para o exercício profissional e desenvolvimento de carreiras dos alunos de graduação. Tal objetivo geral também pode ser compreendido como uma resposta à seguinte questão norteadora: como a UFJF tem contribuído na preparação para o exercício profissional e para o desenvolvimento de carreira dos alunos de graduação? Além do levantamento da percepção dos atores envolvidos, o presente trabalho também possui os seguintes objetivos específicos: i) apresentar a UFJF e suas transformações ocorridas na última década; ii) analisar os programas e ações desenvolvidos na UFJF que podem contribuir na preparação para o exercício profissional e desenvolvimento de carreiras dos graduandos; iii) levantar a percepção dos atores envolvidos quanto à formação para o exercício profissional e desenvolvimento de carreira dos alunos de graduação desde os primeiros períodos; iv) pesquisar a existência de política institucional de articulação entre esses programas de ensino, pesquisa, extensão e inovação e sua importância para formação profissional dos alunos; v) investigar se existe uma rede institucionalizada que busque a integração profissional entre os atuais alunos e egressos da UFJF e, por fim, vi) levantar se as características de carreira almejada pelos alunos se alinham às teorias mais tradicionais ou mais modernas. Quanto aos aspectos metodológicos, ressalta-se que o presente trabalho constitui um estudo de caso, de cunho qualitativo, no qual utilizou-se pesquisa documental, bibliográfica e de campo. Em relação aos instrumentos utilizados nessa última, destaca-se a aplicação de questionário aos graduandos, bem como a realização de entrevistas com gestores da Universidade com o fito de levantar a visão dos atores acerca do fenômeno estudado. Este trabalho se justifica pelo seu alinhamento com a missão e os objetivos institucionais estabelecidos no Estatuto da UFJF e no Plano de Desenvolvimento Institucional (PDI-UFJF), respectivamente. Por fim, salienta-se que, a partir das informações apuradas nas pesquisas empíricas, nas referências teóricas e também na inspiração oriunda do Escritório de Desenvolvimento de Carreiras e da Plataforma Alumni, ambos da Universidade de São Paulo, foi possível estabelecer as estratégias iniciais para o desenvolvimento futuro de um plano de ação que possa atender as necessidades dos alunos e as particularidades da UFJF. / The management of people resurges, in the perspective of the organizations, with strategic role of generating competitive advantage as from the interpersonal relationships, as well as the competences of the collaborators that compose the functional frameworks. On the other hand, people have also become aware, by means of the strengthening of their relationship networks and of the increasingly faster access to knowledge and experiences, that their careers are not limited to the frontiers of the functional frameworks of a single organization and that, therefore, more and more, it is necessary there to be an identification between the objectives and personal motivations of the individual and the culture of an organization. In this context, as from the evidence about the preparation for the professional exercise provided by the UFJF to the undergraduate students, verified in the Questionnaire of the Student of Enade applied in the 2009 and 2012 editions, this paper arises with the general objective of investigating the perception of the undergraduate students in Computer Science, Information Systems, Geography, Physical Education, Law and Civil Engineering and also of the managers of UFJF about the preparation provided by the University, for the professional exercise and career development of undergraduate students. This general objective can also be understood as a response to the following guiding question: how has UFJF been contributing in the preparation for professional practice and for the career development of undergraduate students? Besides the survey of the perception of the actors involved, this paper also has the following specific objectives: i) present UFJF and its transformations occurred in the last decade; ii) analyze the programs and actions developed in UFJF that can contribute in the preparation for the professional practice and the career development of the undergraduate students; iii) raise the perception of the actors involved about the formation for professional practice and career development of undergraduate students since the earliest periods; iv) to investigate the existence of an institutional policy of articulation between these teaching programs, research, extension and innovation and their importance for students' professional formation; v) to investigate if there is an institutionalized network that look for the professional integration between the current students and egresses from UFJF and, finally, vi) to raise if the career characteristics desired by the students are aligned to the more traditional or more modern theories. As for the methodological aspects, it should be emphasized that this paper constitutes a case study, of a qualitative nature, in which it was uses documentary, bibliographic and field research. In relation to the instruments used in this last one, it is worth mentioning the application of questionnaire to the undergraduate students, as well as the accomplishment of interviews with managers of the University with the purpose of raising the view of the actors about the studied phenomenon. This paper is justified by its alignment with the mission and institutional objectives established in the UFJF Statute and in the Institutional Development Plan (PDIUFJF), respectively. Finally, it should be pointed out that, as from the information evidenced in the empirical researches, from the theoretical references and also from the inspiration arising from the Office of Career Development and of Alumni Platform, both of University of São Paulo, it was possible to establish the initial strategies for the future development of a plan of action that can meet the needs of the students and the particularities of UFJF.

One of the challenges imposed by the 21st century is to retain talented staff by keeping employees engaged in their work. Engagement in itself is a complex construct, which still requires much clarification. One of the gaps in the literature is the link between engagement and the competencies required by individuals to craft a career in the 21st century. These competencies are referred to as psychological career resources (Coetzee, 2008). This study was conducted in a medium-sized South African software and services organisation using a random sample of 111 consultants. The primary objective of the study was to investigate the relationship between psychological career resources (career preferences, career values, career enablers, career drivers and career harmonisers) and engagement (dedication, vigour and absorption). The second and third objectives were to find whether there were any significant differences between individuals who differed as to gender, age, marital status, occupational field, occupational level and department in which employed with regard to engagement and psychological career resources. A further objective was to establish the dominant psychological career resources and engagement constructs of the consultants in the sample. The data was collected using the 9-item U-WES (Utrecht Work Engagement Scale) and the PCRI (Psychological Career Resources Inventory). The study found that behavioural adaptability and self-esteem have a significant impact on vigour and dedication, while behavioural adaptability also has a significant impact on absorption. This study could contribute meaningful information to the field of well-being and career development, allowing professionals to assist individuals in developing career competencies that contribute to engagement and ultimately to well-being. / Dissertation (MCom)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Human Resource Management / unrestricted

[pt] As diferenças geracionais têm influenciado o comportamento do mercado de trabalho e a literatura dedicada a descrever as aspirações profissionais dos jovens contemporâneos têm enfatizado a tendência destes em transitar entre diferentes organizações. Todavia, ainda que minoritárias no âmbito desta mesma literatura, há pesquisas que ressaltam que este comportamento não deve ser generalizado. As mesmas características organizacionais valorizadas por aqueles que buscam construir carreiras sem fronteiras podem ser encontradas no discurso de jovens que se interessam por construir carreiras de longo prazo em uma organização, daí a importância de entendermos o que de fato motiva os jovens que vem construindo suas carreiras nos moldes tradicionais, isto é, em uma mesma organização. Este é o objetivo deste estudo, que buscou entender por que jovens profissionais que atuam numa empresa privada nacional escolheram construir suas carreiras nesta organização, em meio à efemeridade e ao declínio das carreiras tradicionais. A pesquisa tentou compreender o que os motiva a trabalhar na atual empresa, e como se sentem diante das oportunidades existentes. Foram entrevistados profissionais de até 34 anos de idade, que atuam nesta empresa por, pelo menos, 4 anos, e que tenham apresentado movimentos de carreira relevantes neste período. Os principais resultados da pesquisa indicam que a exposição a grandes desafios e responsabilidades, aliadas à autonomia que lhes foi dada e ao dinamismo do negócio são os principais fatores que vêm motivando esses jovens a seguirem trabalhando na empresa atual. / [en] The difference between generations has made some changes in the labor market behaviors, and the literature aimed at career aspirations of contemporary youth has emphasized the trend to move across different organizations. Although almost inexpressive within the same literature, some researches emphasize that this behavior should not be generalized. The same organizational characteristics valued by those who seek to build a career without borders can belong in some young people argue who are interested in building a long-term career. For this reason, it is important to understand what motivates the young people who build their careers in the traditional path, it means in the same organization. In this scenario, this study s main goal is to understand the reason why some young professionals who work in a private national company chose to build their careers in this organization. The research tried to understand what is the motivation for working in the same company, and how they feel about current opportunities. We interviewed professionals up to 34 years old, who have worked in this company for, at least, four years, and who have presented relevant career changes in this period. The main results of the research indicate that exposure to major challenges and responsibilities, combined with the autonomy given to them and the dynamism of the business are the main factors that have motivated these young people to continue working in the current company.

In the shift to a globalised creative economy where innovation and creativity are increasingly prized, many studies have documented direct and indirect social and economic benefits of the arts. In addition, arts workers have been argued to possess capabilities which are of great benefit both within and outside the arts, including (in addition to creativity) problem solving abilities, emotional intelligence, and team working skills (ARC Centre of Excellence for Creative Industries and Innovation, 2007). However, the labour force characteristics of professional artists in Australia and elsewhere belie their importance. The average earnings of workers in the arts sector are consistently less than other workers with similar educational backgrounds, and their rates of unemployment and underemployment are much higher (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2005; Caves, 2000; Throsby & Hollister, 2003). Graduating students in the arts appear to experience similar employment challenges and exhibit similar patterns of work to artists in general. Many eventually obtain work unrelated to the arts or go back to university to complete further tertiary study in fields unrelated to arts (Graduate Careers Council of Australia, 2005a). Recent developments in career development theory have involved discussion of the rise of boundaryless careers amongst knowledge workers. Boundaryless careers are characterised by non-linear career progression occurring outside the bounds of a single organisation or field (Arthur & Rousseau, 1996a, 1996b). The protean career is an extreme form of the boundaryless career, where the careerist also possesses strong internal career motivations and criteria for success (Baruch, 2004; Hall, 2004; Hall & Mirvis, 1996). It involves a psychological contract with one's self rather than an organisation or organisations. The boundaryless and protean career literature suggests competencies and dispositions for career self-management and career success, but to date there has been minimal empirical work investigating the predictive value of these competencies and dispositions to career success in the boundaryless or protean career. This program of research employed competencies and dispositions from boundaryless and protean career theory to predict career success in professional artists and tertiary arts graduates. These competencies and dispositions were placed into context using individual and contextual career development influences suggested by the Systems Theory Framework of career development (McMahon & Patton, 1995; Patton & McMahon, 1999, 2006a). Four substantive studies were conducted, using online surveys with professional artists and tertiary arts students / graduates, which were preceded by a pilot study for measure development. A largely quantitative approach to the program of research was preferred, in the interests of generalisability of findings. However, at the time of data collection, there were no quantitative measures available which addressed the constructs of interest. Brief scales of Career Management Competence based on the Australian Blueprint for Career Development (Haines, Scott, & Lincoln, 2003), Protean Career Success Orientation based on the underlying dispositions for career success suggested by protean career theory, and Career Development Influences based on the Systems Theory Framework of career development (McMahon & Patton, 1995; Patton & McMahon, 1999, 2006a) were constructed and validated via a process of pilot testing and exploratory factor analyses. This process was followed by confirmatory factor analyses with data collected from two samples: 310 professional artists, and 218 graduating arts students who participated at time 1 (i.e., at the point of undergraduate course completion in October, 2005). Confirmatory factor analyses via Structural Equation Modelling conducted in Study 1 revealed that the scales would benefit from some respecification, and so modifications were made to the measures to enhance their validity and reliability. The three scales modified and validated in Study 1 were then used in Studies 3 and 4 as potential predictors of career success for the two groups of artists under investigation, along with relevant sociodemographic variables. The aim of the Study 2 was to explore the construct of career success in the two groups of artists studied. Each participant responded to an open-ended question asking them to define career success. The responses for professional artists were content analysed using emergent coding with two coders. The codebook was later applied to the arts students' definitions. The majority of the themes could be grouped into four main categories: internal definitions; financial recognition definitions; contribution definitions; and non-financial recognition definitions. Only one third of the definition themes in the professional artists' and arts graduates' definitions of career success were categorised as relating to financial recognition. Responses within the financial recognition category also indicated that many of the artists aspired only to a regular subsistence level of arts income (although a small number of the arts graduates did aspire to fame and fortune). The second section of the study investigated the statistical relationships between the five different measures of career success for each career success definitional category and overall. The professional artists' and arts graduates' surveys contained several measures of career success, including total earnings over the previous 12 months, arts earnings over the previous 12 months, 1-6 self-rated total employability, 1-6 self-rated arts employability, and 1-6 self-rated self-defined career success. All of the measures were found to be statistically related to one another, but a very strong statistical relationship was identified between each employability measure and its corresponding earnings measure for both of the samples. Consequently, it was decided to include only the earnings measures (earnings from arts, and earnings overall) and the self-defined career success rating measure in the later studies. Study 3 used the career development constructs validated in Study 1, sociodemographic variables, and the career success measures explored in Study 2 via Classification and Regression Tree (CART - Breiman, Friedman, Olshen, & Stone, 1984) style decision trees with v-fold crossvalidation pruning using the 1 SE rule. CART decision trees are a nonparametric analysis technique which can be used as an alternative to OLS or hierarchical regression in the case of data which violates parametric statistical assumptions. The three optimal decision trees for total earnings, arts earnings and self defined career success ratings explained a large proportion of the variance in their respective target variables (R2 between 0.49 and 0.68). The Career building subscale of the Career Management Competence scale, pertaining to the ability to manage the external aspects of a career, was the most consistent predictor of all three career success measures (and was the strongest predictor for two of the three trees), indicating the importance of the artists' abilities to secure work and build the external aspects of a career. Other important predictors included the Self management subscale of the Career Management Competence scale, Protean Career Success Orientation, length of time working in the arts, and the positive role of interpersonal influences, skills and abilities, and interests and beliefs from the Career Development Influences scale. Slightly different patterns of predictors were found for the three different career success measures. Study 4 also involved the career development constructs validated in Study 1, sociodemographic variables, and the career success measures explored in Study 2 via CART style decision trees. This study used a prospective repeated measures design where the data for the attribute variables were gathered at the point of undergraduate course completion, and the target variables were measured one year later. Data from a total of 122 arts students were used, as 122 of the 218 students who responded to the survey at time 1 (October 2005) also responded at time 2 (October 2006). The resulting optimal decision trees had R2 values of between 0.33 and 0.46. The values were lower than those for the professional artists' decision trees, and the trees themselves were smaller, but the R2 values nonetheless indicated that the arts students' trees possessed satisfactory explanatory power. The arts graduates' Career building scores at time 1 were strongly predictive of all three career success measures at time 2, a similar finding to the professional artists' trees. A further similarity between the trees for the two samples was the strong statistical relationship between Career building, Self management, and Protean Career Success Orientation. However, the most important variable in the total earnings tree was arts discipline category. Technical / design arts graduates consistently earned more overall than arts graduates from other disciplines. Other key predictors in the arts graduates' trees were work experience in arts prior to course completion, positive interpersonal influences, and the positive influence of skills and abilities and interests and beliefs on career development. The research program findings represent significant contributions to existing knowledge about artists' career development and success, and also the transition from higher education to the world of work, with specific reference to arts and creative industries programs. It also has implications for theory relating to career success and protean / boundaryless careers.