Purpose – Previously, modularity has mainly been studied in a production context. This paper highlights the opportunities and challenges of a modular strategy in an internationalisation context. It identifies which module components become active when entering new markets and suggests a model for how a modular internationalisation architecture can be designed. Design/methodology/approach – Results from a single case study of a multinational corporation in the vehicle industry, where managers of different departments involved in the internationalisation process support the possibility to create a modular internationalisation architecture. Findings – The findings suggest that the most important opportunities arising from modularity when entering new markets are the clear structure and shorter time to market. The main challenges to overcome are the risk of loss of flexibility and the issues of designing a modular architecture. Based on the key components in the case firm, one initial project-based departmentalised matrix structure is designed which can also help overcome the issues of choosing between standardisation and adaptation. Practical implications – The modular internationalisation architecture may help managers in multinational corporations who are already working with modularity in production to also organise the internal structure of their internationalisation process. Originality/value – This study includes a new model for multinational corporations entering new markets – the modular internationalisation architecture – which makes it possible to structure processes depending on internationalisation factors. The model should be seen as an initial suggestion of how a modular internationalisation architecture can be designed, but it may need to be further developed and tested. Keywords – International business, Internationalisation strategy, Organisational structure, Modularity, Modular processes, Modules, Components Paper type – Master’s thesis

Combining geochemical data with physical data produces a powerful method for understanding sources and fluxes of waters to river systems. This study highlights this for river systems in regions of complex hydrogeology, shown here through the identification and quantification of base-flow sources to the Verde River and its tributaries within the middle Verde River watershed. Specifically, geochemical tracers (major solutes, stable and radioactive isotopes) characterize the principal aquifers (C, Redwall-Muav, and Verde Formation) and provide a conceptual understanding of the hydrologic connection between them. For the surface-water system, PCA is utilized to identify potential base-flow sources to the Verde River on a several-kilometer scale. Solute mixing diagrams then provide relative inputs of these sources, and when combined with stream discharge, allow for quantification of water sources. The results of this study provide an improved conceptual model that reveals the complexity of groundwater-surface water exchanges in this river basin.

In this study, we look at the effects of the adoption of the revised IAS 1 rules, which has been in effect since January 1, 2009. The revised IAS 1 requires that all changes in equity, excluding changes in equity arising from transactions with owners, should be recognized in comprehensive income statement. Revised IAS 1 requires companies to report total comprehensive income that is a sum of net income and other comprehensive income. Total comprehensive income includes all unrealized gains and losses recognized under IFRS. Before the amendment, some of the unrealized gains and losses were shown in a statement of changes in equity but not in the income statement. We hope to answer the question whether inclusion of the components of other comprehensive income provides investors with useful information. We investigate if stock prices have an association with the components of other comprehensive income. We investigate how effective are attempts of IASB to increase the relevance of accounting information about corporate income. We hope that results from the study will be of interest to the standard-setter. In this study, we use data from annual reports and year-end reports for companies listed on the Large and Mid Cap segment at NASDAQ OMX Stockholm and that covers the years 2009 to 2011. We use two regression models to test value relevance of components of other comprehensive income.We have found some evidence that the share price statistically relates to such component of comprehensive income as the change of the fair value of cash flow hedges. This can also be interpreted as that the change of the fair value of cash flow hedges has some value relevance. We also found some evidence that the share price significantly associates with winning cash flow hedging position. We did not find that the share price associates with some other components of other comprehensive income.

No description available.

The object of research - physical condition and indicators of physical development of students. Purrpose of the research - to assess the physical condition and identify the components of physical devevopment of students in several higher schools of Lithuania such Kaunas university of technology, Klaipėda university, Lithuanian veterinary academy, Lithuanian university of agriculture; The main tasks of the research: 1. to identify and to compare indicators of physical development of thease higher scools; 2. to identify and to compare components of physical condition of thease higher scools; 3. to assess physical condition of these higher schools‘ students. Having assessed the components of students‘ physical condition it may be assumed that the students are not sufficiently physical active. The results of the research show that 58,2 % of female and 57 % male students are not involved in sports activities. The best physical condition among female students was found in Kaunas university of technology and among male students in Lithuanian university of agriculture.

Land and vegetation changes are part of the continuous and dynamic cycle of earth system variation. This research examines vegetation changes in the 21-county eco-region along coastal Georgia. The Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) with Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data is used in tandem with a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and climatic variables to determine where, and to what extent vegetation and land cover change is occurring. This research is designed around a 16 year time-series from 1990-2005. Findings were that mean NDVI values were either steady or slightly improved, and that PC1 (Healthiness) and PC2 (Time-Change) explained nearly 99 percent of the total mean variance. Healthiness declines are primarily the result of expanding urban districts and decreased soil moisture while increases are the results of restoration, and increased soil moisture. This research aims to use this analysis for the assessment of land changes as the conduit for future environmental research.

<p><font face="F59" size="3"><font face="F59" size="3"> <p align="left">This study examines the relationship between stock returns and market segmentation. Monthly returns of stocks listed on the JSE from 1997-2007 are analysed using mostly the analytic factor and cluster analysis techniques. Evidence supporting the use of multi-index models in explaining the return generating process on the JSE is found. The results provide additional support for Van Rensburg (1997)'s hypothesis on market segmentation on the JSE.</p> </font></font></p>

I denna studie så kommer jag att analysera MMORPG-spelet World of Warcraft genom att utföra en analys i hopp om att isolera spelmekanismer och element som kan anses vara välfungerande och väldesignade. Jag kommer dessutom att bryta ner World of Warcraft till dess kärnkomponenter med hjälp av Interaction Centric Framework modellen som ett komplement till denna studie. Resultaten visar att World of Warcraft använder sig av många slags egenskaper och designval som skiljer sig själv från andra spel, som att dra ner på story element och att destillera spelets kärna till en väldigt grundlig ”morot-och-piska” formel som låter spelaren kunna spela oavbrutet utan att känna något skäl att sluta spela. / In this paper, I intend to analyze the MMORPG game World of Warcraft by conducting a formal analysis as a way to isolate game mechanics and elements that could be viewed as well-functioning and well-designed. I will also be breaking down the core components of World of Warcraft using the Interaction Centric Framework to complement the study. The results show that World of Warcraft employs a number of features and design choices that differentiates itself from other games, such as stripping the game of story elements and distilling the gameplay to a basic “carrot on a stick” formula, also leaving the player completely uninterrupted and undeterred during gameplay.

The following is an exploratory study, of a newly formed company called Duys Aftermarket Components (D.A.M). D.A.M was formed out of Duys Component Manufacturers (D.C.M) a division of The Duys Group. The reason for forming D.A.M came about due to an environmental change. Toyota was D.C.M's main client and the whole business was geared around them, until Toyota announced that they would no longer be fitting bull bars and roll bars (D.C.M's core products), at factory level. So, in do or die mode, D.A.M was formed to focus attention on the automotive aftermarket, to find clients for the products that the company was so proficient at making, while D.C.M attempts to find new products for the Toyota factory. This study follows a gap analysis type approach. First, the theoretical ideal is laid out and discussed in detail. Next, facts pertaining to D.A.M and its environment are gathered in the form of a case study. Matching these two sections together allows an analysis of the changed environment and of the company's resources and internal workings. From this analysis, strategic models are created and grand strategies formed which are then tested for suitability against the same internal and external factors previously discussed. From the grand strategies, the study generates more specific courses of action as options for the management of Duys to consider. These are optional ways in which the management might consider breaching the gap between the theoretical ideal laid out and the current situation. The expectation is that the research will develop a workable strategy for the management of Duys to work with and to build on, in an emergent fashion. / Thesis (MBA)-University of Natal, Durban, 2003.

Molecular dynamics simulations were performed on the influenza A non-structural protein 1 (NS1) RNA binding domain (RBD), a homodimer. Fourteen simulations were performed at 298K, nine ionized with 0.1M KCl and five with no ions. Several analysis techniques were employed to study RBD residue flexibility. The focus of the study was the RNA binding cavity formed by side chains of helix 2 (chain A) and helix 2’ (chain B) and cavity intermonomeric salt bridges. Opening of the salt bridges D29–R46’ and D29’–R46 was observed in several of the trajectories. The RNA binding cavity has large flexibility, where the dimension and shape change during the dynamics. One pair of residues surrounding the cavity and necessary for RNA binding, residues R38 and R38’, have motions during the simulations which cover the top of the cavity. There is correlation between the salt bridge breaking, flexibility of R38 and R38’, and the cavity size and shape changes. Possible RBD small molecule drug targets are these two salt bridges and the pair R38 and R38’. Disrupting the events that occur around these areas could possibly inactivate RNA binding function of the domain. These results could have implications in searching for potential molecules that effectively treat influenza A.