• Refine Query
  • Source
  • Publication year
  • to
  • Language
  • 28
  • 6
  • 5
  • 4
  • 4
  • 4
  • 3
  • 2
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • 1
  • Tagged with
  • 76
  • 76
  • 22
  • 15
  • 14
  • 14
  • 13
  • 13
  • 13
  • 13
  • 12
  • 11
  • 11
  • 10
  • 9
  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
61

Modélisation du canal de propagation Terre-Espace en bandes Ka et Q/V : synthèse de séries temporelles, variabilité statistique et estimation de risque / Modelling of the Earth-Space propagation channel in Ka and Q/V bands : time series synthesis, statistical variability and risk estimation

Boulanger, Xavier 15 March 2013 (has links)
Les bandes de fréquences utilisées conventionnellement pour les systèmes fixes de télécommunication par satellites (bandes C et Ku i.e. 4-15 GHz) sont congestionnées. Néanmoins, le marché des télécommunications civil et de défense accuse une demande de plus en plus importante en services multimédia haut-débit. Par conséquent, l'augmentation de la fréquence porteuse vers les bandes Ka et Q/V (20-40/50 GHz)est activement étudiée. Pour des fréquences supérieures à 5 GHz, la propagation des signaux radioélectriques souffre de l'atténuation troposphérique. Parmi les différents contributeurs à l'affaiblissement troposphérique total(atténuation, scintillation, dépolarisation, température de bruit du ciel), les précipitations jouent un rôle prépondérant. Pour compenser la détérioration des conditions de propagation, des techniques de compensation des affaiblissements (FMT: Fade Mitigation Technique) permettant d'adapter en temps réel les caractéristiques du système en fonction de l'état du canal de propagation doivent être employées. Une alternative à l'utilisation de séries temporelles expérimentales peu nombreuses est la génération de séries temporelles synthétiques d'atténuation due à la pluie et d'atténuation totale représentatives d'une liaison donnée.Le manuscrit est organisé autour de cinq articles. La première contribution est dédiée à la modélisation temporelle de l'affaiblissement troposphérique total. Le deuxième article porte sur des améliorations significatives du modèle de génération de séries temporelles d'atténuation due à la pluie recommandé par l'UITR.Les trois contributions suivantes constituent une analyse critique et une modélisation de la variabilité des statistiques du 1er ordre utilisées lors des tests des modèles de canal. La variance de l'estimateur statistique des distributions cumulatives complémentaires de l'atténuation due à la pluie et de l'intensité de précipitation est alors mise en évidence. Un modèle à application mondiale paramétré au moyen de données expérimentales est proposé. Celui-ci permet, d'une part, d'estimer les intervalles de confiance associés aux mesures de propagation et d'autre part, de quantifier le risque en termes de disponibilité annuelle associée à la prédiction d'une marge de propagation donnée. Cette approche est étendue aux variabilités des statistiques jointes. Elle permet alors une évaluation statistique de l'impact des techniques de diversité de site sur les performances systèmes, tant à microéchelle(quelques kms) qu'à macro-échelle (quelques centaines de kms). / Nowadays, C and Ku bands used for fixed SATCOM systems are totally congested. However, the demand of the end users for high data rate multimedia services is increasing. Consequently, the use of higher frequency bands (Ka: 20 GHz and Q/V 40/50 GHz) is under investigation. For frequencies higher than 5 GHz, radiowave propagation is strongly affected by tropospheric attenuation. Among the different contributors, rain is the most significant. To compensate the deterioration of the propagation channel, Fade Mitigation Techniques (FMT) are used. The lack of experimental data needed to optimize the real-time control loops of FMT leads tothe use of rain attenuation and total attenuation time series synthesizers. The manuscript is a compilation of five articles. The first contribution is dedicated to the temporal modelling of total impairments. The second article aims at providing significant improvements on the rain attenuation time series synthesizer recommended by ITU-R. The last three contributions are a critical analysis and a modelling of the variability observed on the 1st order statistics used to validate propagation channel models. The variance of the statistical estimator of the complementary cumulative distribution functions of rainfall rate and rain attenuation is highlighted. A worldwide model parameterized in compliance with propagation measurements is proposed. It allows the confidence intervals to be estimated and the risk on a required availability associated with a given propagation margin prediction to be quantified. This approach is extended to the variability of joint statistics. It allows the impact of site diversity techniques on system performances at small scale (few kms) and large scale (few hundred of kms) to be evaluated.
62

Metoda bootstrap a její aplikace / Bootstrap Method and its Application

Pavlíčková, Lucie January 2009 (has links)
The diploma thesis describes the bootstrap method and its applications in the estimate accuracy statement, in the confidence intervals generation and in the testing of statistical hypotheses. Further the method of the discrete probability estimation of the categorical quantity is presented, making use the gradient of the quasi-norm hereof distribution. On concrete examples the bootstrap method is applied in the confidence intervals forming of the categorical quantity probability function. The diploma thesis was supported by the project of MŠMT of the Czech Republic no. 1M06047 "Centre for Quality and Reliability of Production", by the grant of Grant Agency of the Czech Republic (Czech Science Foundation) reg. no. 103/08/1658 "Advanced optimum design of composed concrete structures" and by the research plan of MŠMT of the Czech Republic no. MSM0021630519 "Progressive reliable and durable structures".
63

Fitování rozdělení pravděpodobnosti pro aplikace / Fitting of Probability Distributions for Applications

Pavlíčková, Lenka January 2012 (has links)
The diploma thesis describes the bootstrap method and its applications in the confidence intervals generation, in the testing of statistical hypotheses and in the regression analysis. We present the confidence interval for individual value. Further the method of discrete probability estimation of the categorical quantity is presented, making use the gradient and the line estimate.
64

Einführung in die Ökonometrie

Huschens, Stefan 30 March 2017 (has links)
Die Kapitel 1 bis 6 im ersten Teil dieses Skriptes beruhen auf einer Vorlesung Ökonometrie I, die zuletzt im WS 2001/02 gehalten wurde, die Kapitel 7 bis 16 beruhen auf einer Vorlesung Ökonometrie II, die zuletzt im SS 2006 gehalten wurde. Das achte Kapitel enthält eine komprimierte Zusammenfassung der Ergebnisse aus dem Teil Ökonometrie I.
65

Academic-Staff Rating Index (ARI) System

Mokole, Thapelo Godwin 06 1900 (has links)
Supervising students at a distance presents numerous social, mental, professional, and individual challenges on the student- supervisor relationship, and on the substance, progress, and conveyance. From the literature review, several tools and technologies are developed to improve academic quality; however, most of these tools and technologies focus on journal articles’ quality rather than student/supervisor relationships. This study aims to develop an academic rating index (ARI) that will show a supervisor’s review by students and provide an interactive forum. The application will serve as an academic supervision teaching-level index that provides an aggregated measure of supervisors’ past and current impact. Thus, the ARI aims to aggregate all academic supervisor ratings and the number of ratings that they received in the entire academic career to complement their citation index. The study will use quantitative coding and programming tools to ensure a good quality system in the development phase. The application and findings of the study contribute to academic service quality. / Operations Management / M. Tech. (Information Technology)
66

Estimating the Ratio of Two Poisson Rates

Price, Robert M., Bonett, Douglas G. 01 September 2000 (has links)
Classical and Bayesian methods for interval estimation of the ratio of two independent Poisson rates are examined and compared in terms of their exact coverage properties. Two methods to determine sampling effort requirements are derived.
67

Modeling Patterns of Transactions after Companies Implementation of Getswish AB’s Payment Service / Modellering av transaktionsmönster efter företagsimplementering av Getswish AB:s betalningstjänst

Amaya Scott, Jakob, Skålberg, Amanda January 2022 (has links)
This thesis is a case study in collaboration with the company Getswish AB. GetswishAB provides the mobile application and payment service Swish with the purpose ofdelivering smooth money transfers for individuals and companies in Sweden. About80 percent of the Swedish population are connected to Swish, and the majority seethe service as an apparent part of everyday life. This work studies a small part of alltransactions that take place daily between individuals and companies. Specifically, thispaper examines which factors affect the Swish transaction amount (TA) to companieswithin five different industries. The five industries studied are: Sports, leisure,and entertainment activities; Restaurant, catering, and bar activities; Retail trade,except for motor vehicles and motorcycles; Trade and repair of motor vehicles andmotorcycles; and Telecommunications. In combination with descriptive analysis andseasonality studies, a multiple linear regression model is used to evaluate patternsin the amount transferred to companies within the various industries. The responsevariable is the daily aggregated TA and the seven responding regressors examined are:i) The number of employees of the company, ii) The revenue of the company, iii) Thedate for registration to Swish service for companies, iv) The age of the customers, v) Thegender of the customers, vi) The number of transactions, and vii) The transaction date.The estimated parameters for each regressor are studied to evaluate correlations withthe TA. This thesis states that it is possible to construct a model from the regressorsanalyzed, which can predict the amount with an explanation degree of above 85% forfour of the five industries. The model constructed for the motor vehicle industry nevergives satisfactory results and must be further investigated to conclude. / Detta examensarbete är en fallstudie i samarbete med företaget GetSwish AB.GetSwish AB tillhandahåller mobilapplikationen och betaltjänsten Swish, vars syfteär att leverera smidig pengaöverföring för privatpersoner och företag i Sverige. Idagär cirka 80 procent av Sveriges befolkning anslutna till Swish och majoriteten sertjänsten som en självklar del av vardagen. Detta arbete kommer dock endast fokuserapå en liten del av alla transaktioner som dagligen sker mellan privatpersoner ochföretag. Specifikt undersöker denna rapport vilka faktorer som påverkar Swishstransaktionsbelopp till företag inom fem olika branscher. De fem branschernasom studeras är: Sport-, fritids- och nöjesverksamhet; Restaurang-, catering ochbarverksamhet; Detaljhandel utom med motorfordon och motorcyklar; Handelsamt reparation av motorfordon och motorcyklar; och Telekommunikation. Ikombination med en deskriptiv analys och säsongsstudier skapades en multipel linjärregressionsmodell för att utvärdera mönster i transaktionsbeloppet från kund tillföretag inom de olika branscherna. Responsvariablen är det dagliga aggregeradebeloppet och de förklarande variablerna som undersöktes var: antalet anställda,omsättning, datum för registrering till Swish för företag, kundernas ålder och könsamt antal transaktioner och transaktionsdatum. De skattade parametrarna förvarje regressor studerades för att utvärdera magnitud samt positiva eller negativakorrelationer med beloppet. Denna rapport visar att det är möjligt att konstrueraen modell från de analyserade regressorerna som kan förutsäga beloppet med enförklaringsgrad på över 85% för fyra av de fem branscherna och kan användas föratt förutspå beloppen på de dagliga transaktionerna. Modellen som konstruerats förfordonsindustrin gav aldrig tillfredsställande resultat och bör undersökas vidare innanslutsatser dras.
68

Some Inferential Results for One-Shot Device Testing Data Analysis

So, Hon Yiu January 2016 (has links)
In this thesis, we develop some inferential results for one-shot device testing data analysis. These extend and generalize existing methods in the literature. First, a competing-risk model is introduced for one-shot testing data under accelerated life-tests. One-shot devices are products which will be destroyed immediately after use. Therefore, we can observe only a binary status as data, success or failure, of such products instead of its lifetime. Many one-shot devices contain multiple components and failure of any one of them will lead to the failure of the device. Failed devices are inspected to identify the specific cause of failure. Since the exact lifetime is not observed, EM algorithm becomes a natural tool to obtain the maximum likelihood estimates of the model parameters. Here, we develop the EM algorithm for competing exponential and Weibull cases. Second, a semi-parametric approach is developed for simple one-shot device testing data. Semi-parametric estimation is a model that consists of parametric and non-parametric components. For this purpose, we only assume the hazards at different stress levels are proportional to each other, but no distributional assumption is made on the lifetimes. This provides a greater flexibility in model fitting and enables us to examine the relationship between the reliability of devices and the stress factors. Third, Bayesian inference is developed for one-shot device testing data under exponential distribution and Weibull distribution with non-constant shape parameters for competing risks. Bayesian framework provides statistical inference from another perspective. It assumes the model parameters to be random and then improves the inference by incorporating expert's experience as prior information. This method is shown to be very useful if we have limited failure observation wherein the maximum likelihood estimator may not exist. The thesis proceeds as follows. In Chapter 2, we assume the one-shot devices to have two components with lifetimes having exponential distributions with multiple stress factors. We then develop an EM algorithm for developing likelihood inference for the model parameters as well as some useful reliability characteristics. In Chapter 3, we generalize to the situation when lifetimes follow a Weibull distribution with non-constant shape parameters. In Chapter 4, we propose a semi-parametric model for simple one-shot device test data based on proportional hazards model and develop associated inferential results. In Chapter 5, we consider the competing risk model with exponential lifetimes and develop inference by adopting the Bayesian approach. In Chapter 6, we generalize these results on Bayesian inference to the situation when the lifetimes have a Weibull distribution. Finally, we provide some concluding remarks and indicate some future research directions in Chapter 7. / Thesis / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
69

Méthodes accélérées de Monte-Carlo pour la simulation d'événements rares. Applications aux Réseaux de Petri / Fast Monte Carlo methods for rare event simulation. Applications to Petri nets

Estecahandy, Maïder 18 April 2016 (has links)
Les études de Sûreté de Fonctionnement (SdF) sur les barrières instrumentées de sécurité représentent un enjeu important dans de nombreux domaines industriels. Afin de pouvoir réaliser ce type d'études, TOTAL développe depuis les années 80 le logiciel GRIF. Pour prendre en compte la complexité croissante du contexte opératoire de ses équipements de sécurité, TOTAL est de plus en plus fréquemment amené à utiliser le moteur de calcul MOCA-RP du package Simulation. MOCA-RP permet d'analyser grâce à la simulation de Monte-Carlo (MC) les performances d'équipements complexes modélisés à l'aide de Réseaux de Petri (RP). Néanmoins, obtenir des estimateurs précis avec MC sur des équipements très fiables, tels que l'indisponibilité, revient à faire de la simulation d'événements rares, ce qui peut s'avérer être coûteux en temps de calcul. Les méthodes standard d'accélération de la simulation de Monte-Carlo, initialement développées pour répondre à cette problématique, ne semblent pas adaptées à notre contexte. La majorité d'entre elles ont été définies pour améliorer l'estimation de la défiabilité et/ou pour les processus de Markov. Par conséquent, le travail accompli dans cette thèse se rapporte au développement de méthodes d'accélération de MC adaptées à la problématique des études de sécurité se modélisant en RP et estimant notamment l'indisponibilité. D'une part, nous proposons l'Extension de la Méthode de Conditionnement Temporel visant à accélérer la défaillance individuelle des composants. D'autre part, la méthode de Dissociation ainsi que la méthode de ``Truncated Fixed Effort'' ont été introduites pour accroitre l'occurrence de leurs défaillances simultanées. Ensuite, nous combinons la première technique avec les deux autres, et nous les associons à la méthode de Quasi-Monte-Carlo randomisée. Au travers de diverses études de sensibilité et expériences numériques, nous évaluons leur performance, et observons une amélioration significative des résultats par rapport à MC. Par ailleurs, nous discutons d'un sujet peu familier à la SdF, à savoir le choix de la méthode à utiliser pour déterminer les intervalles de confiance dans le cas de la simulation d'événements rares. Enfin, nous illustrons la faisabilité et le potentiel de nos méthodes sur la base d'une application à un cas industriel. / The dependability analysis of safety instrumented systems is an important industrial concern. To be able to carry out such safety studies, TOTAL develops since the eighties the dependability software GRIF. To take into account the increasing complexity of the operating context of its safety equipment, TOTAL is more frequently led to use the engine MOCA-RP of the GRIF Simulation package. Indeed, MOCA-RP allows to estimate quantities associated with complex aging systems modeled in Petri nets thanks to the standard Monte Carlo (MC) simulation. Nevertheless, deriving accurate estimators, such as the system unavailability, on very reliable systems involves rare event simulation, which requires very long computing times with MC. In order to address this issue, the common fast Monte Carlo methods do not seem to be appropriate. Many of them are originally defined to improve only the estimate of the unreliability and/or well-suited for Markovian processes. Therefore, the work accomplished in this thesis pertains to the development of acceleration methods adapted to the problematic of performing safety studies modeled in Petri nets and estimating in particular the unavailability. More specifically, we propose the Extension of the "Méthode de Conditionnement Temporel" to accelerate the individual failure of the components, and we introduce the Dissociation Method as well as the Truncated Fixed Effort Method to increase the occurrence of their simultaneous failures. Then, we combine the first technique with the two other ones, and we also associate them with the Randomized Quasi-Monte Carlo method. Through different sensitivities studies and benchmark experiments, we assess the performance of the acceleration methods and observe a significant improvement of the results compared with MC. Furthermore, we discuss the choice of the confidence interval method to be used when considering rare event simulation, which is an unfamiliar topic in the field of dependability. Last, an application to an industrial case permits the illustration of the potential of our solution methodology.
70

可加性模型與拔靴法在臺灣地區小型商用車市場需求之應用研究

呂明哲, Lu, Ming Che Unknown Date (has links)
本文採用可加性模型分析法建立台灣地區小型商用車市場之需求模型,並 引進Box-Jenkins時間序列模型處理具自我相關之誤差項,以利進行拔靴 推論設計時,能拔靴白干擾(bootstrapping white noise),即重抽樣白 干擾的經驗分配。在此次研究過程中,除配適Box-Jenkins時間序列模型 外,所有分析步驟都是完全自動的,不須作假設和檢驗的工作,所以可降 低傳統上因統計人員主觀判斷錯誤所造成的估計偏誤。可加性模型改進傳 統迴歸模型須先假設模型形式的限制,可從商用車實證分析中,直接由資 料配適平滑函數,顯見其合理性。拔靴法免除傳統推論程序須強使隨機干 擾項分配為常態分配或漸近常態分配之束縛,改由殘差經驗分配模擬隨機 干擾項分配行為,在推論商用車市場上,也獲得不錯的結果。

Page generated in 0.0313 seconds