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Perceived Effectiveness of Conflict Management Strategies in Dating Relationships.Counts, Jaime Ann 13 December 2003 (has links)
The purpose of the present study was to determine how college participants view the success of different conflict management strategies: chance, manipulation, compliance, and confrontation. The success of the conflict management strategies was evaluated by how participants rated female satisfaction, male satisfaction, likelihood of marriage and success of marriage. A MANOVA, and a Roy Bargman step-down procedure were conducted on all dependent variables. A Tukey HSD post hoc test was ran to reveal which conflict management strategies differed from one another. Results indicated that participants thought women were less satisfied than men. For male satisfaction and likelihood of marriage, post hoc testing on the conflict management strategies revealed using compliance was the most satisfying. On the success of marriage variable, participants rated men higher than women on the manipulation and confrontation strategies. The results of the study may be useful in understanding conflict management in dating couples.
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Chinese Managers in Simulated Conflict on Welfare Benefit: Effects of Past-Relationship, Other's Strategy, Hierarchy, and StakeMa, Shan, s.ma@qut.edu.au January 2001 (has links)
In a review on conflict strategies, Putnam and Poole (1987) conclude that relationship variables such as organisational position and interdependency account for the most variance in the choice of conflict strategies. Despite these findings, however, there is a general lack of attention to relationship outcomes in conflict management by researchers (Knapp, Putnam, and Davis, 1988). This reflects the strong influence of economic theory in conflict studies as well as a Western perspective in which individual outcomes are emphasised above interpersonal relations (Wall & Callister, 1995). To address this problem, in this thesis I chose to assess the effect of Past-Relationship, Other's-Strategy, Hierarchy, and Stake on Chinese manager's behaviour in simulated conflict over welfare issues. The thesis consists of the following seven chapters. Chapter One, Introduction, identifies the need to address relationship considerations in conflict management, and the PRC Chinese were chosen as subjects for this research because of their emphasis on interpersonal relations. Past-Relationship, Other's-Strategy, and Hierarchy were chosen to represent the ongoing interpersonal relationship in the past, present and future; and Stake was used to represent substantive considerations in conflict. These factors were assessed for their effects on people's use of five conflict modes: Dominating (DO), Compromising (CO), Obliging (OB), Integrating (IN), and Avoiding (AV). Although these five conflict modes are based on a model developed in the West, they are applicable to the Chinese as well despite the recent critics by some authors. The limited research on Chinese interpersonal conflict has over-relied on self-report questionnaires and lacks the context and substance of conflict. To avoid these pitfalls, the current research took an experimental approach to solicit subject response to simulated conflict of interests. Chapter Two, Hypotheses and research design. Five sets of hypotheses were developed. Stake, Past-Relationship, and Other's-Strategy were expected to affect the use of conflict modes in their own respective ways; Hierarchy's effects were to be moderated by Stake; and an interaction between Other's-Strategy, Past-Relationship, and Hierarchy was also expected. To test these hypotheses, three sources of data were collected: behaviour in conflict simulation, behaviour rationales, and cases of real-world conflict. The conflict issues in the simulation were limited to the allocation of welfare benefits. The range of options and potential outcomes were made explicit to the subjects. Hierarchy, Past-Relationship, and Stake were operationalised through 12 conflict scenarios, which were then combined with Other's-Strategy, giving rise to a total of 48 experimental conditions. A total of 384 Chinese managers participated in the conflict simulation. Chapter Three, Conflict Mode Simulation (CMS). This chapter introduces the development of the experimental instrument, the CMS. Based on the analysis of Mode Game (Cosier & Ruble, 1981), the CMS was created as an experimental instrument for research of the five conflict modes in general and for the hypothesis testing in this study in particular. It allows participants five conflict modes to deal with conflict scenarios; the payoffs of different combinations of modes were logically derived; the 3-2-2 settlement structure enables the CMS to accommodate complex behaviour patterns; and the combination of unitary rules with multiple conflict scenarios controls confounding effects, and gives CMS the flexibility for different research topics. Chapter Four, Data collection and analysis of the simulation data, discusses hypothesis testing through the conflict simulation. The data fit the theoretical model satisfactorily in general. The five sets of hypotheses were largely supported by the simulation data. 1) As the Stake increased, the use of DO and IN increased and the use of OB decreased. The use of AV peaked on Medium-Stake issues. 2) Hierarchy strongly affected the use of DO and OB on High-Stake issues, but that effect diminished as Stake decreased and no difference between hierarchy groups was found at the Low-Stake level. 3) The Indebted group used more OB and fewer DO than the Wronged group, but the uses of IN and AV were not related to Past-Relationship. 4) Other's-Strategy affect behaviour through reciprocating, suppressing, promoting, and learning effects. 5) The same mode (Compromsing) used by different people under different situation had different results. It was also shown in post hoc analyses that relationship concerns played important roles even when faced with the rivalry of substantive concerns. Moreover, the negative effect of combative behaviour was stronger than the positive effect of good deed. Several other important behavioural patterns were also discussed. Chapter Five, Analysis of the rationales of CMS behaviour. Twenty-six major rationale themes were reported by subjects to account for their behaviour in CMS. The report of competitive vs. conciliatory themes depended mainly on Past-Relationship and Stake. The Indebted group reported more conciliatory themes and fewer competitive themes than the Wronged group; and the High-Stake group reported more competitive themes and fewer conciliatory themes than the Med/Low-Stake group. Hierarchy's effect on subject rationale was weak. It was also discovered that subject sensitivity towards Past-Relationship shifted according to Stake. The four modes of CO, OB, IN, and AV shared the same pool of conciliatory themes, which distinguished them from DO, but there were important differences among them as well. Chapter Six, Analysis of self-reported cases of conflict. Fifty-two cases of real world conflict comparable to the CMS conflict scenarios were collected. Analysis shows that Past-Relationship, Stake, and Other's-Strategy affected behaviour in these conflict cases in ways in-line with their respective hypotheses. Hierarchy, however, did not show reliable effects on subject behaviour. Subject description on different types of competing enables the in-depth analysis of the DO mode. The nonsymmetrical effects of Past-Relationship, Stake, and Other's-Strategy manifested in CMS are also observed in these real conflict cases. Chapter Seven, Discussion and conclusion. After an overview of the results of hypothesis testing in different data sources, the implications of some particular issues are discussed. 1) Although the two-dimension model fitted the CMS data well when a variety of different conflict situations were assessed together, in particular situations a hierarchical model is more accurate. 2) Evidence from different data sources confirms that relationships in the past, present and future all have a role to play in the conflict of interests. 3) In terms of the relative importance of different factors, Past-Relationship and Other's-Strategy are at least as important as Stake, whereas Hierarchy is the least important in the given situation of this study. 4) The weak effect of Hierarchy reflects the constraint by status ethics (Hwang, 1991), the interdependence between superior and subordinates, and the broader power base of the highly educated subordinates. 5) Although avoidance was perceived positively, it was not used much when specific conflict issues were given. 6) The Conflict Mode Simulation (CMS) has proved to be indispensable for many of the findings in this study, and it has great potential as an experimental tool for research of conflict modes in general. Finally the limitations of this study and the direction of future research are discussed.
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Conflict and ambiguity in information systems developmentBarnes, Raymond J. January 2005 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--State University of New York at Binghamton, Department of Systems Science and Industrial Engineering, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 255-272).
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Hur arbetar lärare förebyggande mot negativa konflikter mellan elever i grundskolan?Blomfeldt, Elin, Lindström, Maja January 2009 (has links)
<p>Syftet med studien var att undersöka hur pedagoger förhåller sig till konflikter mellan elever och vilka modeller de använder sig av för att förebygga och lösa konflikter. Som bakgrund till studien har vi genomfört en litteraturstudie som behandlar ämnet konflikt och orsaker till varför de uppstår. Det är viktigt att som lärare ha grundläggande kunskaper inom konflikter och konfliktlösning, eftersom de dagligen uppstår tvister i skolan. Den undersökningsmetod vi använt oss av består av kvalitativa intervjuer. Vi intervjuade sju pedagoger på två olika grundskolor i mellersta Sverige. Resultatet visade att pedagogerna i stort hade samma synsätt på konflikter och konfliktlösning. Det visade likaså att de båda skolorna arbetar förebyggande mot konflikter.</p>
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The story of indigenous Australians : the role of categorisation shifts in inter-group conflict resolution and collective action for social change /Quinn, Emerald. January 2006 (has links) (PDF)
Thesis (B.Sc.(Hons.)) - University of Queensland, 2006. / Includes bibliography.
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Hur arbetar lärare förebyggande mot negativa konflikter mellan elever i grundskolan?Blomfeldt, Elin, Lindström, Maja January 2009 (has links)
Syftet med studien var att undersöka hur pedagoger förhåller sig till konflikter mellan elever och vilka modeller de använder sig av för att förebygga och lösa konflikter. Som bakgrund till studien har vi genomfört en litteraturstudie som behandlar ämnet konflikt och orsaker till varför de uppstår. Det är viktigt att som lärare ha grundläggande kunskaper inom konflikter och konfliktlösning, eftersom de dagligen uppstår tvister i skolan. Den undersökningsmetod vi använt oss av består av kvalitativa intervjuer. Vi intervjuade sju pedagoger på två olika grundskolor i mellersta Sverige. Resultatet visade att pedagogerna i stort hade samma synsätt på konflikter och konfliktlösning. Det visade likaså att de båda skolorna arbetar förebyggande mot konflikter.
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Kunskap ur elevernas vardag : En studie om livkunskap påverkan på elevernas förmåga att reflektera och hantera konflikterShurouq, Redha January 2010 (has links)
The schools have problems with conflicts and mobbing. One way to deal with this is to focus on the importance of life skills “SET- Social emotional training”. SET is a program that encourages student’s self-awareness, that is, the understanding students have about themselves and how he or she can relate to it and to others. This study aims to examine if life skills in school contribute to student’s ability to reflect and deal with conflicts. The main research questions are: How can life skills, and specifically the SET program help students to reflect about themselves and others in the group? In which way can the SET-program help students to reflect and deal with conflicts? How can reflection and conflict management using the SET method affect student’s action in school? What are the limitations/ difficulties? The study is a qualitative research based on observation, group interviews with four students and a teacher in 5th grade, in a school south of Stockholm. The theoretical framework emphasises Vygotskij’s description of the relationship between thoughts and feelings and how this affects our action and behavior. The results of the study show that life skills help students to improve their self-awareness by reflecting on their emotions and thoughts. By repeating concepts, students are helped to train their thought and process emotions during lesson time. The study reach the conclusion that life skills/SET help the student to learn something new about themselves and others in their environment. Life skills/SET helps the student to understand changes and manage them by focusing on how to gain new experience of these changes.
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A Study on Marine Protected Area Conflict Management and Partnerships between Governmental and Private Organization ¡XTaking Chinwan Inland Sea for ExampleLiu, Shu-Ling 25 August 2003 (has links)
Abstract
As an island state, Taiwan has developed a delicately close relationship with the resources in the ocean around her. The Pescadores, or commonly known as Penghu, is an archipelago located in the middle of the Taiwan Strait to the southwest of the Taiwan Proper. The waters here are crystal clear with every element there should be to form the best fishing grounds. For example, there are endless intertidal zones rich in crustaceans and sea snails and clams for baby fish of all kinds to feed on, and the coral forests in deeper waters offer perfect shelters for schools and schools of adult fish. However, in recent years, due to over-fishing, the oceanic environment has been rapidly and severely damaged, resources decayed. To retain diversity and vitality for oceanic resources and to make fishing here a permanently maintainable business, establishing oceanic nature preserves is a necessary, urgent thing to do. Nevertheless, restrictions and limitations that would come along with the establishment of nature preserves could very probably cause conflicts in between the fishermen, local public, experts in this field, as well as the local government.
The Goal of this research is to derive effective and efficient principles of conflict management. By applying the conflict management mechanism the author offers to the rules of oceanic nature preserves, we should hope that the preserves in Penghu will set an example for the others to come in Taiwan.
This research is basically a qualitative study. The¡§structured interview method¡¨ is employed to standardize questions for interviewees to answer or choose to answer. By providing interviewees with the framework of whole idea and asking them to answer similar questions, we can explore deeper into the core of the research. The interviewees include executives of Penghu County Chinwan Marine Protected Area, other officials concerned, experts that care much about Penghu¡¦s oceanic environment, nature protection group members, representatives of the two nearby villages, and the villagers. Besides that, this research also covers some depth study as to the uniqueness and variety of the coral communities in this region.
This research has revealed that all people interviewed consider the establishment of the preserve site very important and essential to the preservation of both fishery resources and biological diversity. Out of the seventeen interviewees, thirteen (that is, nearly 80% of the people involved) do not think that the preserve site will do any harm to their interests, while the others do. The biggest conflicts are that the local people in the fishing business are worried about their careers being threatened, that local people have not felt well respected and participated in this public matter, and that there is quite some misunderstanding as to the policy regarding the preserve site. However, the villagers do wish to work this out through such ways of communication as holding hearings, villagers¡¦ meetings, or carrying our surveys. According to the press, this case, being a pre-conflict environmental policy issue in nature, has been experiencing quite some resistance. However, this research reveals that the negative powers are not so strong as reported; the desired balance can be reached when all factors involved have been properly taken into account. For example, by developing eco-tourism, local people can turn their fishing careers into scuba diving coaching, boat rental, or the like to retain their economical competitiveness. Besides, the government can help assemble a community development committee and a patrol squad for the villagers to spontaneously join in. This way, the government and local people can develop a partnership toward mutual profits instead of suffering from conflicts.
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Creating a desire within the church to encourage unity through healing relationships in times of conflictHamilton, Michael Paul. January 1900 (has links)
Thesis (D. Min.)--Southwestern Baptist Theological Seminary, 2001. / Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 87-102).
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Institutional limitations on hegemonic influence in international organizations : conflict resolution in the Organization of American States, 1948-1989 /Shaw, Carolyn Michelle, January 2000 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2000. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 230-239). Available also in a digital version from Dissertation Abstracts.
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