Superradiance is an enhanced decay of an excited system of emitters resulting from their mutual coupling. This thesis is focused on superradiance of the emitters coupled via their interaction with a plasmonic nanoparticle. So-called plasmon-mediated superradiance results in even stronger enhancement of the decay rate as the nanoparticle serves as an additional decay chanel. We have developed a quantum model of the system of emitters coupled to a plasmonic nanoparticle, which allows us to differentiate between a pure dephasing and decay processes. We show that the pure dephasing can destroy the cooperative effect leading to superradiance. Furthermore, we have studied how the direct mutual coupling between emitters affects time evolution of the system in dependence on its configuration, and we show conditions when a decay of the system is dramatically decreased by direct coupling.

The body of information concerning carbon-carbon spin-spin coupling constants now includes a large number of coupling constants, the establishment of a dihedral angular dependence on 3JCC, and the application of 3JCC to conformational analysis. This study adds another dimension to the growing wealth of information associated with 13 C-NMR: the influence of some non-bonded interactions on 3JCC Four types of non-bonded interactions that could influence vicinal carbon-carbon NMR coupling constants were investigated. To facilitate the NMR studies, a variety of 13C-labeled compounds were synthesized.

A model system to calculate single-path coupling constant was devised to see if the couplings are additive in a system which has a dual-pathway. The system chosen was o-methyl-13C-benzoic acid. Because of anomalies in the data, the series was extended. Hybridization of the label appeared to have relatively little effect, and the conformation of the substituents very important.

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This thesis focuses on the study of nickel boride as a catalyst in various coupling reactions. The nickel boride catalyst was investigated in three different coupling reactions, the experiments aimed at understanding the activity and catalytic properties of nickel boride. We successfully synthetized the nickel boride catalyst, alongside with the cobalt and iron boride. Different methods of preparation were compared and we concluded, that the differences in the preparation, such as solvent and atmosphere, influence the activity of the catalyst in coupling reactions. We found that the most suitable solvent for preparing nickel boride is anhydrous methanol, thus we proceeded our research with this catalyst. In the case of the Sonogashira cross-coupling we found that the homocoupling of the acetylene starting material is a side reaction we could not exclude. However, with the proper solvent it is possible to shift the reaction towards homocoupling, without the formation of the heterocoupling product. Thus, we decided to investigate the Glaser homocoupling between acetylenes. In the case of the Sonogashira coupling only TLC was used to examine the reaction mixture. However, in the case of Glaser coupling, after pre-investigations we developed a gas chromatography method for analyzing the reaction mixtures. We learned, that the homocoupling only results in trace amounts (2-4%) of product. Previous investigations in our research group showed, that the nickel boride could catalyze Suzuki-Miyaura-type couplings. Examining this reaction all three metal borides were tested; however, the reactions only led to the desired product with nickel boride. Analyzing the reaction with gas chromatography we learned that the choice of solvent influences the stability of the starting materials and the formation of side products. Reactions with different starting materials, in different solvents, with different bases were analyzed. The effect of microwave irradiation was also examined. Based on the results we concluded, that with nickel boride it is not possible to achieve high yields in coupling reactions.

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No / An experimental study of coupling compensation for AOA estimation using compact low profile antenna arrays with element separations of a quarter wavelength has been conducted. Two circular arrays of low profile miniaturised logarithmic spiral antennas deployed on a circular metal plate were used for data acquisition. Using the MUSIC direction-finding algorithm, the AOA estimation errors in receiving mode were observed before and after compensation: the errors were significantly decreased by coupling compensation.

Carbon-carbon bond formation is one the fundamental reactions in organic synthesis. The quest for the development of new and more efficient processes for the construction of this bond has been an ongoing focus for years. The transformations that permit the use of simple precursors to access complex structural architectures in the absence of stoichiometric quantities by-products are highly desirable. Hydrogen is a cheapest and cleanest reductant available to the mankind. The catalytic hydrogenation has been widely utilized in the industry, however the construction of the carbon-carbon bond under hydrogenative conditions has been achieved only for alkene hydroformylations and Fisher-Tropsh process and limited to the use of carbon monoxide. The extension of the hydrogenative carbon-carbon bond formations beyond aforementioned processes would be of a great significance to the synthetic community. The overview of allene use in the metal catalyzed reactions to achieve carbonyl and imine allylation and vinylation is presented in Chapter 1. The following chapter vii discusses the development of metal catalyzed hydrogenative and transfer hydrogenative coupling of allenes and carbonyl compounds to afford allylation products. These studies have resulted in the development of the first carbonyl allylation from the alcohol oxidation level. Chapter 3 discusses efforts towards achieving highly enantioselective hydrogenative coupling of alkynes to carbonyl compounds. / text