none

The desire is infinite, but the resources are limited. The relationship between fiscal decentralization and long-run economic growth is ambiguous. Several economists have made the case for fiscal decentralization as a means of promoting long-run economic growth based on the view that it leads to better resource allocation and a more productive, and possibly smaller, public sector. Countries have pursued decentralization policies both for political and developmental reasons. Fiscal decentralization, the allocation of tax and spending powers to lower levels of government, currently in vogue is based on notions of economic efficiency criteria. Although it is theoretically expected that decentralization leads to efficient provision of local public services and stimulates economic development, the theoretical underpinnings for this relationship remain largely undeveloped. The absence of an adequate theoretical framework has undermined the validity of the empirical work on this subject. Advocates of fiscal decentralization argue that among other benefits, it can increase the efficiency of delivery of government services. We use data from 23 counties (cities) of the Taiwan province. The empirical findings can be stated as follows. The primary finding is that the estimated coefficient on fiscal decentralization variable is positive and statistically significant . This finding provides evidence that fiscal decentralization contributes to economic growth. This paper is also one of the first to evaluate this claim empirically by looking at the association between expenditure decentralization and the efficiency of local government .We also provide evidence that expenditure (revenue) decentralization is a negative (positive) relation with the efficiency of local government. Further Tobit panel regression of 23 counties (cities) provide robust evidence that more decentralization is not associated with higher efficiency of local governments. Therefore that fiscal decentralization contributes to the efficiency of local governments is ambiguous in the previous period.

Hohenheim, University, Thesis (doctoral), 2001.

(no abstract available) / Series: Working Papers / Research Institute for Regulatory Economics

Performance measurement in higher education is examined during this study, in particular university performance indicators are reviewed and discussed. The conclusion is made that appropriate input and output indicators require some form of combination in order to allow practical consideration to be made. The technique of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is reviewed and found to have a number of conceptual drawbacks. The model is considerably developed within the thesis, primarily by the introduction of weight restrictions on the variables. Taken as a whole the developments, coined the DEAPMAS process, create a technique which can be used to assess cost effectiveness rather than simply efficiency. Data for two examples of subject areas, defined by recognised accounting units, are applied to the program as inter-university comparison was felt to be impractical at institutional level; due to differing subject mixes. A considerable computer implementation of the developed theory was written and utilised to provide results over a number of data runs for the examples. It was concluded that the results obtained represented a considerable improvement over separate consideration of numerous performance indicators.

Habilitation - Universiẗat, Freiburg (Breisgau), 2001.

Master-Arbeit Univ. St. Gallen, 2008.

Orientador: Orlando Fontes Lima Júnior / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-17T14:12:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Carvalho_CarolinaCorreade_M.pdf: 3829740 bytes, checksum: fac7bcc71791eaf9213b18db3929f42a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Resumo: O uso de plataformas logísticas no mundo vem crescendo consideravelmente, mas no Brasil tal prática ainda é incipiente. Face às particularidades locais, os projetos têm que ser bem adaptados para a realidade brasileira, existindo poucos estudos que auxiliem nesta direção. O objetivo deste trabalho é propor uma metodologia para análise de benchmarking de plataformas logísticas e aplicá-la em um caso na Região Metropolitana de Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil. Como base para o estudo foi selecionado vinte e nove plataformas logísticas espalhadas pelo mundo e, por meio de Análise Envoltória de Dados (DEA), foram identificadas as que constituíram benchmarking Mundial para o projeto da plataforma logística de Campinas (PLC). Para esta analise foi adotado o modelo DEA-BCC (Variable Return to Scale- VRS) com os seguintes indicadores de desempenho; áreas das plataformas logísticas, capital investido, número de empresas atraídas e movimentação anual de carga. Após a avaliação inicial das vinte e nove plataformas pelo DEA foram identificadas sete como benchmarks mundiais e deste conjunto três foram apontadas como referências de melhores práticas para a PLC (Atlantic Gateway-Halifax Logistics Park, Canadá; Raritan Center, USA; e Rickenbacker Global Logistics Park USA). Ao mesmo tempo um estudo qualitativo, utilizando o método de estudo de caso múltiplo, identificou outras cinco plataformas européias como referencias para o projeto; a PLAZA (Espanha); Distrito de Nola (Itália); Rugis (França); Bremen GVZ (Alemanha) e Dallas Logistic Hub (Estados Unidos). A partir de uma analise detalhada das plataformas selecionadas foi possível identificar sugestões de melhoria e diretrizes de concepção para a plataforma brasileira. Esta aplicação demonstrou que a estratégia proposta tem grande aplicabilidade e apresenta bons resultados para avaliação de projetos de concepção de plataformas logísticas / Abstract: The use of logistic Platform in the world has grown considerably, but in Brazil, this practice is still incipient. Given local circumstances, projects need to be well adapted to Brazilian reality, there are few studies that help in this direction. The aim of this paper is to suggest guidelines for strategic planning of the new logistics platform to be installed in Campinas, São Paulo. As a starting point of the study were selected twenty-nine logistics platforms around the world and, through Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) have been identified that constitute the global benchmarking and were taken as the base platform design logistics of Campinas (PLC). For this analysis we adopted the DEA-BCC model (Variable Return to Scale-VRS) with the following performance indicators, areas of logistics platforms, the capital invested, number of businesses attracted and annual cargo handling. After the initial assessment of the twenty-nine platforms by DEA were identified seven as global benchmarks and this set three references have been identified as best practices for the PLC (Atlantic Gateway-Halifax Logistics Park, Canada, Raritan Center, USA; Rickenbacker Global Logistics Park and USA). At the same time a qualitative study, using the method of multiple case study, identified five more platforms PLAZA (Span), Distrito de Nola (Italy), Rugis (France) Bremen GVZ (German) e Dallas logistic Hub (USA) that could be included as references for the enterprise. From a detailed analysis of selected platforms were able to identify suggestions for improvements and design guidelines for the Brazilian platform. This application demonstrated that the proposed strategy has wide applicability and gives good results for project evaluation design of logistics platforms / Mestrado / Transportes / Mestre em Engenharia Civil

Firms or organisations implement performance assessment to improve productivity but evaluating the performance of firms or organisations may be complex and complicated due to the existence of conflicting objectives. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is a non-parametric approach utilized to evaluate the relative efficiencies of decision making units (DMUs) within firms or organizations that perform similar tasks. Although DEA measures the relative efficiency of a set of DMUs the efficiency scores generated do not consider the decision maker’s (DM’s) or expert preferences. DEA is used to measure efficiency and can be extended to include DM’s and expert preferences by incorporating value judgements. Value judgements can be implemented by two techniques: weight restrictions or constructing an equivalence Multiple Objective Linear Programming (MOLP) model. Weight restrictions require prior knowledge to be provided by the DM and moreover the DM cannot interfere during the assessment analysis. On the other hand, the second approach enables the DM to interfere during performance assessment without prior knowledge whilst providing alternative objectives that allow the DM to reach the most preferred decision subject to available resources. The main focus of this research was to establish interactive frameworks to allow the DM to set targets, according to his preferences, and to test alternatives that can realistically be measured through an interactive procedure. These frameworks are based on building an equivalence model between extended DEA and MOLP minimax formulation incorporating an interactive procedure. In this study two frameworks were established. The first is based on an equivalence model between DEA trade-off approach and MOLP minimax formulation which allows for incorporating DM’s and expert preferences. The second is based on an equivalence model between DEA bounded model and MOLP minimax formulation. This allows for integrating DM’s preferences through interactive steps to measure the whole efficiency score (i.e. best and worst efficiency) of individual DMU. In both approaches a gradient projection interactive approach is implemented to estimate, regionally, the most preferred solution along the efficient frontier. The second framework was further extended by including ranking based on the geometric average. All the frameworks developed and presented were tested through implementation on two real case studies.

No description available.