This diploma thesis is focused on topics of and respiratory chain and their processing as educational animations for secondary schools. In the theoretical part of the diploma thesis, supporting terms are defined (visualisations, interdisciplinary relations, animations). Next, themes are included in educational field and thematic unit in RVP G. Two analyses of the topic of respiratory chain are mentioned and evaluated in this part. Firstly, there is an analysis focused on the most used chemical and biological textbooks. The second one is focused on available online animations. For research purpose of the diploma thesis quantitative method was used - a questionnaire survey. Results of this survey are listed in the practical part. Practical part presents educational materials specified for support of education topics of respiration and respiratory chain. Stress on illustrative nature and interdisciplinarity is laid in these materials. The principal materials are educational animations which were made in program Adobe Flash Professional CS6. Study text was also written to these animations. Created educational animations give a complex view on respiratory process. These materials can be used in biology and chemistry subjects or in scientific courses. Animations include two tests giving feedback to...

Esta pesquisa foi realizada com o projeto Educação Matemática nos Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental: Princípios e Práticas da Organização do Ensino, no núcleo desenvolvido na Faculdade de Educação da Universidade de São Paulo (USP/SP). O referido projeto foi financiado pela Capes por meio do programa Observatório da Educação (Obeduc). Contou com a participação de professores da Educação Superior, estudantes de graduação e de pósgraduação (mestrado e doutorado), professores, supervisores e coordenadores de escolas da Educação Básica. Teve como objetivo investigar o processo de significação do uso de materiais didáticos na atividade pedagógica de matemática. Os dados para a investigação foram obtidos por meio de videogravações das manifestações dos sujeitos no movimento das atividades de ensino de matemática que concretizam o projeto. Tais atividades seguiram a estrutura da Atividade Orientadora de Ensino, partindo de situações-problema que possibilitaram a discussão conjunta e a busca coletiva por uma solução em que, segundo os princípios da Teoria da Atividade, o professor, em processo de formação, também foi revelando a tomada de consciência do papel dos instrumentos mediadores diante das ações que realizava, entre outras, a escolha de instrumentos capazes de mediar a aprendizagem do conhecimento matemático pelo aluno o material didático. A pesquisa contribuiu com estudos interessados no ensino de matemática e no desenvolvimento das capacidades do professor de interagir e de articular os diversos saberes e ações práticas em matemática para a escolha e o trabalho com materiais didáticos em sua atividade. O estudo também tem implicações curriculares sobre o uso de materiais didáticos no ensino de matemática. / This research was conducted with the project Mathematics education in the early years of primary education: principles and practices of organization of teaching in the core USP / SP developed in the Faculty of Education of University of São Paulo. This project was financed by CAPES through the Observatory of Education program. Was attended with participation of higher education teachers, undergraduate students and post-graduate (masters and doctorate), teachers, supervisors / coordinators of basic education schools. The present work aimed to investigate the process of signification of the use of didactic materials in mathematics pedagogical activity. Data for this research were obtained through video recordings containing evidence of the subjects manifestations in the movement of mathematics teaching activities that concretizes this project. Such activities followed the structure of the Teaching Guidance Activity starting from problem situations that enabled the joint discussion and collective search for a solution where, according to the principles of Activity Theory, the teacher, in training process, was also revealed the growing awareness of the role of mediators instruments forward the actions performed, among others, the choice of instruments capable to mediate learning of mathematical knowledge by the student - the didactic materials. The research contributes to studies interested in the mathematics teaching and at the development of the teacher\'s ability to interact and to articulate the various knowledge and practical actions in mathematics for choosing and working with didactic materials in their activity. The study also has curricular implications over the use of didactic materials in mathematics teaching.

Submitted by Jailda Nascimento (jmnascimento@pucsp.br) on 2016-10-21T14:18:29Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Yara Maria Miguel.pdf: 1866263 bytes, checksum: aaaabee87dae4b86bf8c8106581947c2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-21T14:18:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Yara Maria Miguel.pdf: 1866263 bytes, checksum: aaaabee87dae4b86bf8c8106581947c2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-09-05 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The present research investigated the results of post-graduation academic researches about the SEESP program “Programa Ler e Escrever”, which had as a purpose the development of projects aiming to revert the illiteracy and precarious literacy rates among students from the 1st Cycle of the basic education, inside São Paulo State’s teaching network. The objective was to identify and analyze the results of 16 researches (among master’s and doctorate’s degree) that had as primary object of study the “Programa Ler e Escrever” (signaled in the titles of the researches), submitted to a public defense between 2010 and January 2016. This research adopted a methodological approach based on integrative revision, which seeks the critical evaluation and the synthesis of evidences, both qualitative and quantitative, of the researched area. It was found that the researches were of documental and empirical nature, being their results organized in accordance with the data production sources: teachers; teachers and students, teachers and coordinators; coordinators and student researchers. As the results of the documental evidences, the research evinced a need of more explicit theoretical basis in didactical orientations offered to the teachers, also noting a critical resistance from the teachers in using these didactical materials. About the results of the empirical evidences about teachers, these pointed to the reframing of the classroom practices, while those evidences related to teachers, coordinators and students reveal that they attribute quality to the didactic material’s activities. The integrative revision shows disparate results concerning some objects and same subjects, but also shows a vision that integrates, without denying the negative aspects, the advances gradually achieved, reflected on the reading and writing learning process, consolidating the objective of the program “Programa Ler e Escrever” / A presente pesquisa buscou investigar os resultados das pesquisas de pós-graduação acadêmica sobre o Programa Ler e Escrever da SEESP que tinha como propósito geral o desenvolvimento de projetos visando a reverter o quadro de analfabetismo e de alfabetização precária dos alunos do Ciclo I do Ensino Fundamental, da Rede Estadual de Ensino. Objetiva identificar e analisar os resultados de 16 dissertações e teses cujo objeto principal de estudo fosse o Programa Ler e Escrever, constando-o no título e sendo defendidas entre 2010 e fevereiro de 2016. A pesquisa adotou uma abordagem metodológica baseada na revisão integrativa, que busca a avaliação critica e a síntese de evidências, de caráter quantitativo e qualitativo, do tema pesquisado. Constatou-se que as pesquisas eram de natureza documental e empírica, sendo seus resultados organizados de acordo com as fontes de produção de dados: professores; professores e alunos; professores e coordenadores; coordenadores e alunos pesquisadores. Como resultados das evidências documentais, a pesquisa evidenciou a necessidade de explicitação da fundamentação teórica nas orientações didáticas ao professor, além de constatar resistências críticas destes na utilização do material didático. Quanto aos resultados das pesquisas empíricas sobre professores estas apontaram para a ressignificação das práticas em sala de aula, ao passo que aqueles relacionados aos professores, coordenadores e alunos revelam que estes atribuem qualidades às atividades presentes no material didático. A revisão integrativa dos trabalhos acadêmicos realizada, apresenta resultados díspares quanto à alguns objetos e mesmo sujeitos, porém, também apresenta uma visão que integra, sem negar os aspectos negativos, os avanços gradativamente alcançados, refletidos na aprendizagem da leitura e da escrita, consolidando o objetivo do Programa Ler e Escrever

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T20:02:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 5352.pdf: 2272778 bytes, checksum: c1262efdb61889cb8ec566709dbc518e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-11-30 / This work relates the development and application of a teaching aid Physics material using Astronomy as a motivating theme. To achieve such goal, an extension course was set to teach physical concepts, especially those in the field of Mechanics, from Astronomy to high school and graduation students. The material covers such concepts as Referential, Gravitational Field, Kepler Laws, Newton Laws, Evolution of Universe Conception Models, Mass Centre and others. At the end, some results about the application of this material are shown, as well as the possibilities and difficulties found by its application. The whole material and its questionnaires and activities made by students are presented in the annex. / Este trabalho relata o desenvolvimento e aplicação de um material paradidático voltado para o Ensino de Física utilizando a Astronomia como tema motivador. Para atingir tal objetivo, montou-se um curso de extensão para ensinar conceitos físicos, em especial, da área de Mecânica a partir da Astronomia para estudantes de Ensino Médio e Superior na modalidade Licenciatura. O material abordou conceitos de Referenciais, Campo Gravitacional, Leis de Kepler, Leis de Newton, Evolução dos Modelos de Concepção do Universo, Centro de Massa, entre outros. São apresentados neste trabalho os resultados da aplicação deste material, assim como as possibilidades e dificuldades de se ensinar os conceitos acima mencionados a partir deste. Encontram-se em anexo o material completo, questionários e atividades desenvolvidas pelos estudantes.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-03-21Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:51:25Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 batista_mlfs_me_bauru.pdf: 2690114 bytes, checksum: ba26e522332e5e357ef59453ada06f7d (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O objetivo deste trabalho é propor recomendações para o desenvolvimento de ferramentas de suporte à Educação a Distância. Essas ferramentas foram delimitadas como os ambientes virtuais de aprendizagem e sistemas tutores inteligentes, vistos a partir da ótica do design gráfico, dentro das especificações do design instrucional. A Educação a Distância é um fazer pedagógico que procura atender a sociedade da informação e do conhecimento. Para isso, ela faz uso da educação online, que se processa pela Internet, envolvendo a interação de pessoas. A terceira geração da educação a distância, baseada nas Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação; usa os ambientes virtuais, os sistemas tutores inteligentes e as tecnologias interativas. O design instrucional é identificado como uma metodologia educacional que, por meio da tecnologia, propõe práticas e soluções para uma aprendizagem colaborativa e autônoma. Essa responsabilidade e abrangência cruzam os caminhos com o design. O designer gráfico e o webdesigner fazem parte da equipe multidisciplinar que compõe o design instrucional. Mesmo havendo vários sistemas eletrônicos de aprendizagem no mercado, várias instituições de ensino optam por desenvolvê-los internamente, privilegiando mais a generalidade do que a usabilidade. Para entender o desenvolvimento de sistemas tutores e ambientes virtuais, alguns processos, que regem a inteligência, a emoção, a percepção, a inteligência virtual, a ergonomia e a usabilidade, devem ser vistos como premissas básicas de tendências de aplicação. Assim, as recomendações deste trabalho, baseadas em uma metodologia de detalhamento do design instrucional, abordaram alguns passos, que foram o planejamento de unidades de aprendizagem, em que se verifica a aplicação do design gráfico; o desenvolvimento de roteiros e storyboards, e a definição... / The objective of this word is to propose recommendations for the development of tools supporting the Distance Education. These tools had been delimited as virtual environments of learning and intelligent tutorial systems, in the approach to graphic design, inside of the specifications of instructional design. A Distance Education is one to make pedagogical for the society of the information and the knowledge. For this, it makes use of the education online, that it processes itself for the Internet, involving the interaction of people. The third generation of the distance education, based in the Information Technologies and Communication, uses virtual environments, the intelligent tutorial systems and the interactive technologies. Instructional Design is identified as an educational methodology that, by means of the tecnology, consider practical and solutions for a collaborative and independent learning. This responsability and wide-ranging cross the ways with design. Graphical designer and webdesigner are part of multidiscipline team that composes instructional design. Even with several some electronic systems of learning in the market, some institutions of education opt to develop them internally, focusing more the generality of what the usability. To understand the development of tutorial systems and virtual environments, some processes, that conduct intelligence, the emotion, the perception, virtual intelligence, the ergonomics and the usability, they must be seen as basic premises of application trends. Thus, the recommendations of this work, based in a methology of detailing of instructional design, had approached some steps, that had been the planning of units of learning, where if verify the application of design graphical; the development of scripts and storyboards, and the definition of structures of navigation for menus; design of media contents, that... (Complete abstract, click electronic access below)

The present dissertation was developed from the need to rethink the teaching of geography to visually impaired students concerning the landscape concept. In order to do that the main goal was the creation of sensory didactic material using the experiences lived by the students of Instituto Benjamin Constant (IBC) in the landscape that composes it. It was also necessary a reflection on special and inclusive education in the world and in Brazil, particularly nowadays in Brazil with an inclusive perspective in which legislation has advanced greatly. To present IBC and how it organizes itself as a center of reference was also of the utmost importance, as it is necessary a historical recovery of the teaching of geography in this centenarian and pioneer institution, due to the fact that the first tactile didactic materials used in the teaching of these students were there. The methodology used by teachers is a differential from the moment that several languages are employed to develop the teaching of geography in the IBC, and through their accounts this knowledge was presented and recovered. Geography is build up from learning experiences that go beyond the classroom and therefore the use of sensory didactic resources will add up to the teaching and learning process making the construction of a multisensory landscape possible. Thus, by means of sensory activities, materials which may help students in the understanding of the landscape concept were devised, making the use of the senses real. The theoretical reference was based on Tuan (2012) and Soler (1999) to think this multisensory landscape. Therefore, to think of a meaningful geographic education, independent of the student and the reality that surrounds him, is very important in an inclusive society. / A presente dissertação foi desenvolvida a partir da necessidade de repensar o ensino de Geografia para alunos com deficiência visual no que tange ao conceito de paisagem. Para isso, o objetivo principal foi a criação de materiais didáticos sensoriais utilizando as experiências vividas pelos alunos do Instituto Benjamin Constant (IBC), na paisagem que estas compõem. Também foi necessária uma reflexão sobre a educação especial e inclusiva no mundo e no Brasil e hoje, particularmente no Brasil, com uma perspectiva inclusiva, pois a legislação teve um grande avanço. Apresentar o IBC e como este se organiza como centro de referência também foi de suma importância, uma vez que se faz necessário um resgate histórico do ensino de Geografia nessa instituição centenária e pioneira, visto que os primeiros materiais didáticos táteis utilizados no ensino desses alunos estavam ali. A metodologia utilizada pelos professores é um diferencial a partir do momento em que as diferentes linguagens são utilizadas para desenvolver o ensino de Geografia no IBC, e por meio de seus relatos possibilitou que esse conhecimento fosse apresentado e resgatado. A Geografia é construída a partir de situações de aprendizagem que vão além da sala de aula. Dessa forma, a utilização de recursos didáticos sensoriais irá somar no processo de ensino e aprendizagem, possibilitando a construção de uma paisagem multissensorial. Então, por meio de atividades sensoriais, foram construídos materiais que pudessem auxiliar os alunos na compreensão do conceito de paisagem e possibilitem a utilização dos sentidos. Para isso, o referencial teórico da pesquisa foi pautado em Tuan (2012) e Soler (1999), considerando acercar essa paisagem multissensorial. Assim, pensar uma educação geográfica significativa independente do aluno e da realidade que o cerca é muito importante na sociedade inclusiva. / Mestre em Geografia

This thesis deals with methodological problems of education of regional homeland study on a case study on local region Mariánskolázeňsko. In the concrete deals this thesis with methodological problems of education of regional homeland study in the 4th year of the primary school. The thesis wholly results from The Framework Education Programme for Basic Education, its thematic area The Place Where We Live and People and Time from the educational area Humans and Their World. The theoretic part of the thesis is concerned with delimitation and location of the area, its physical and social geographical features, historical developement and places of interest in local region Mariánskolázeňsko. The practical part of the thesis issues from the special informationes in its theoretic part and presents adaptation of the topic for children that attends 4th year of the primary school, which respects The Framework Education Programme for Basic Education. Electronic educational text, worksheets with notes for teachers and suggestion of group works. This thesis includes also a list of questions and its analysis, which was the base for the practical part of the thesis, especially for the group work. This thesis includes common chapters such as the introduction, the analysis of used literuature and the methodology of this thesis, conclusion and list of used literature.

This thesis deals with methodological problems of education of regional homeland study on a case study on municipality and the surroundings of Český Krumlov. In the first part of the thesis is detailed description of the studied area (the area of the municipality of Český Krumlov) {--} delimitation and location of the area, its physical and social geographical features, historical development and places of interest in Český Krumlov and in its surroundings. The other part of the thesis issues from the special information introduced in its first part and presents adaptation of the topic for children that attends primary school (from the first to the fifth class). This adaptation respects The Framework Education Programme for Basic Education, its thematic area The Place Where We Live from the educational area Humans and Their World. Educational texts (for third, fourth and fifth class) and worksheets completes the notes for teachers. This thesis includes common chapters such as the introduction, the analysis of used literature, and the methodology of this thesis, conclusion and list of used literature.

The thesis called The Metodology of Teaching General Science and Homeland study of the Region on the Example of the Znojmo region. The Thesis sloves the problems of teaching General Science and Homeland study at primary school. It consists of two parts: the first {--} theoretical {--} which deals with the characterisation of the region {--} the physical geography and socioeconomic aspects. The other {--} didactic {--} is the main part of the thesis. It is based on the expert part and is made into a textbook for pupils in the 4th and 5th years of the primary school as well as a methodological manual for teachers. This part is attached with worksheets related to the Znojmo region and a number of games and creative ideas which serve the purpose of practising the subject aimed at the Znojmo region.

Esta pesquisa foi realizada com o projeto Educação Matemática nos Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental: Princípios e Práticas da Organização do Ensino, no núcleo desenvolvido na Faculdade de Educação da Universidade de São Paulo (USP/SP). O referido projeto foi financiado pela Capes por meio do programa Observatório da Educação (Obeduc). Contou com a participação de professores da Educação Superior, estudantes de graduação e de pósgraduação (mestrado e doutorado), professores, supervisores e coordenadores de escolas da Educação Básica. Teve como objetivo investigar o processo de significação do uso de materiais didáticos na atividade pedagógica de matemática. Os dados para a investigação foram obtidos por meio de videogravações das manifestações dos sujeitos no movimento das atividades de ensino de matemática que concretizam o projeto. Tais atividades seguiram a estrutura da Atividade Orientadora de Ensino, partindo de situações-problema que possibilitaram a discussão conjunta e a busca coletiva por uma solução em que, segundo os princípios da Teoria da Atividade, o professor, em processo de formação, também foi revelando a tomada de consciência do papel dos instrumentos mediadores diante das ações que realizava, entre outras, a escolha de instrumentos capazes de mediar a aprendizagem do conhecimento matemático pelo aluno o material didático. A pesquisa contribuiu com estudos interessados no ensino de matemática e no desenvolvimento das capacidades do professor de interagir e de articular os diversos saberes e ações práticas em matemática para a escolha e o trabalho com materiais didáticos em sua atividade. O estudo também tem implicações curriculares sobre o uso de materiais didáticos no ensino de matemática. / This research was conducted with the project Mathematics education in the early years of primary education: principles and practices of organization of teaching in the core USP / SP developed in the Faculty of Education of University of São Paulo. This project was financed by CAPES through the Observatory of Education program. Was attended with participation of higher education teachers, undergraduate students and post-graduate (masters and doctorate), teachers, supervisors / coordinators of basic education schools. The present work aimed to investigate the process of signification of the use of didactic materials in mathematics pedagogical activity. Data for this research were obtained through video recordings containing evidence of the subjects manifestations in the movement of mathematics teaching activities that concretizes this project. Such activities followed the structure of the Teaching Guidance Activity starting from problem situations that enabled the joint discussion and collective search for a solution where, according to the principles of Activity Theory, the teacher, in training process, was also revealed the growing awareness of the role of mediators instruments forward the actions performed, among others, the choice of instruments capable to mediate learning of mathematical knowledge by the student - the didactic materials. The research contributes to studies interested in the mathematics teaching and at the development of the teacher\'s ability to interact and to articulate the various knowledge and practical actions in mathematics for choosing and working with didactic materials in their activity. The study also has curricular implications over the use of didactic materials in mathematics teaching.