This diploma thesis is aimed at the possibilities of the usage of physical activities in chemistry education. The theoretical part of this thesis contains the analysis of RVP ZV and RVP G, especially the content of the movement. This part is also focused on the physical activities, the types and styles of learning, especially on the kinesthetic learning style, and the motivation of pupils. The practical part of this thesis is focused on the finding of usage physical activities by teachers of chemistry. These data are obtained through interviews with chemistry teachers. These teachers also evaluated the created chemistry physical activities, which are presented in the diploma thesis. The chemistry physical activities also includes methodological instructions for users.

The diploma thesis deals with the topic of lipids and it is focused on the processing in the form of educational materials (educational text and educational animations) for chemistry and biology on secondary school. It is devided into two parts. The theoretical part defines the key concepts serving as theoretical background: interdisciplinarity, visualization, animation. There is also performed the analysis of RVP G and the representation of the topic of the diploma thesis in this curricular document. The final chapter of the theoretical part is dedicated to determing the criteria for the analysis of the educational materials and the characteristics of the animation program Adobe Animate CC. The analysis of available educational materials is performed according to predetermined criteria in the practical part, specifically animations available on the Internet. There are also introduced the educational materials so as the complex file of educational animations created in the program Adobe Animate CC and the educational text that serves as a guiding material to educational animation program. The materials include methodological guide for users. The created materials focus on the topic of the lipids and biological membranes, they emphasize interdisciplinarity of chemistry and biology and also connect...

This thesis concern with the teaching of the literature of the czech national revival at the secondary school. Its aim is to analyze selected textbooks and manuals used in secondary schools and based on this analysis it tries to characterize the most important aspects of this period. It describes how the term "national revival" is explained to high school students, what is the time range of this period, which authors of this section of czech literary history are included in individual textbooks and also in the canon of works required for the final school- leaving examination. It compares individual aspects with the starting points of the professional literature. The work raises the question of whether and to what extent textbooks create an image of this topic for school purposes, how they affect students' awareness of the topic. Finally, it proposes specific procedures and activities that can be used in teaching the literature of the czech national revival at secondary schools and grammar schools.

Biochemistry is usually the last taught discipline of chemistry. In the Czech Republic, grammar school students study biochemistry during the third or fourth grade. This can sometimes cause problems because there is often little time left for biochemistry when compared to other chemical disciplines. The content of the biochemical curriculum is often limited only to memorization of the most important facts and there is no time enough to point out the important relationships of biochemistry to everyday life. In the last year of study, many students have already decided whether or not to study chemistry in the future and it is then difficult to find some topics that would attract the attention of those who do not want to continue studying chemistry. This thesis is focused on the solving this situation. The first part gives an overview on the theoretical background, which forms the framework for the following parts - Analysis of selected textbooks, which was done to map the current state of teaching biochemistry in Czech schools, and Creation of new didactic materials that can complement current textbooks and help teachers explain the basics of biochemistry more clearly and in the context of contemporary everyday life. The last part of this diploma thesis summarizes the experiences with use of the...

The subject of this diploma thesis is the use of cultural topics as part of the teaching of Czech as foreign language. Its first chapters summarize approaches towards the incorporation of these topics into the language classes, their definition and role in teaching the language, and their classification for the purposes of understanding the thematic context of a given theme. The next part of this thesis builds upon the example of a concrete historical figure, Vaclav Havel. Through an analysis of interviews held with teachers, the thesis maps their experience with the introduction of this concrete topic as part of Czech cultural topics incorporated into their classes, shows the factors on which incorporation of these topics in the class syllabus depends, shows what materials are typically used, whether or not they are accessible to the teachers, what potential the topic of Vaclav Havel holds in the teaching of the language, and what difficulties the incorporation of cultural topics of this type in the teaching of the language may entail. The overview of the utilization of the topic of Vaclav Havel in the teaching of Czech is complemented by analyses of interviews held with students and selected didactic materials (Basic Czech I, II, III; Čeština expres 1, 2, 3, 4; Česky krok za krokem 1, 2; Čeština...

[pt] Esta dissertação de mestrado busca apresentar resumidamente a dimensão das unidades de conservação (UCs) no Brasil, seus principais instrumentos de gestão e tecer considerações sobre as contribuições dessas ferramentas para programas e ações de educação ambiental, com foco no Parque Nacional da Serra dos Órgãos (PARNASO). Para isso faz um recorte de iniciativas implantadas em áreas protegidas de Petrópolis, estado do Rio de Janeiro, em que se verificam atividades lúdicas como eixo do trabalho com crianças e jovens, para semear empatia e encantamento com a causa da conservação. Esta pesquisa busca delinear a importância do esforço continuado, presente nas iniciativas retratadas, de levar crianças das redes pública e privada de ensino, desde a Educação Infantil ao Ensino Médio, para atividades na natureza preservada. Os estímulos das áreas protegidas para o desenvolvimento e formação das crianças, sobretudo dos elos afetivos com esse espaço, que transformam espaço em lugar e são essenciais para a memória humana, também iluminam percursos para a geração de empatia e encantamento com a causa da conservação da natureza. Esses atributos motivam e impulsionam a curiosidade, a vontade de conhecer, de descobrir, irrigando o processo de aprendizagem de forma orgânica, espontânea e integrada. / [en] This master s research seeks to present a summary of protected areas dimension in Brazil, their main management tools and reflections about these tools contributions to environmental education programs, with focus on the Serra dos Órgãos National Park (PARNASO). For this purpose, it outlines programs run in protected áreas of Petrópolis, Rio de Janeiro state, where one may verify the centrality of playful activities, as axis of the work with children and youngsters, to sow empathy and engagement with the cause of nature conservation. Thisresearch aims to point out the importance of continued efforts to take children from private and public schools, from kindergarten to high school, to engage inplayful activities in preserved nature. When the full potential of protected areas is harnessed for children s development and education, in particular by helping them forge emotional bonds with space, which transform space into place and are essential for human memory, then new ways of fostering empathy and engagement with nature conservation can come to light. These attributes kindle and excite curiosity, the desire to learn and discover, boosting the learning process in an organic, spontaneous, and integrated way.

[pt] Motivada pelo processo crítico-reflexivo do fazer pedagógico, nesta pesquisa, tenho como objetivo construir entendimentos sobre as reflexões, afetos e crenças sócio-construídos por mim e mais duas professoras em relação aos materiais didáticos de ensino-aprendizagem de língua inglesa, destinados a crianças e adotados compulsoriamente em nossos contextos de atuação. Proponho-me, assim, a analisar a construção discursiva das emoções e crenças docentes em nossas falas, a fim de compreender quais são as implicações da imposição destes materiais didáticos. Para tal, recorro aos pressupostos teóricos do campo da Linguística Aplicada Contemporânea/Crítica, Transdisciplinar/Indisciplinar, em interface com a Prática Exploratória e a perspectiva pedagógica freireana. Os estudos de Narrativas contribuem para a investigação das experiências profissionais, a partir de perspectivas interacionais e socioconstrucionistas. Assim, orientada pelo paradigma de pesquisa qualitativo-interpretativista, realizamos uma conversa exploratória na qual compartilhamos experiências sobre o uso de livros didáticos em nossos contextos profissionais, a saber: escolas pública e privada, e cursos livres de idiomas. Além disso, esta pesquisa se alinha aos estudos sobre Emoções e Crenças Docentes, com o intuito de investigar como nós interpretamos tais experiências, isto é, sócio-construímos avaliações. Este estudo oportunizou uma reflexão crítica acerca da obrigatoriedade de materiais didáticos e das implicações desta imposição na nossa prática pedagógica, colaborando para a qualidade da vida em sala de aula, a partir da ressignificação desta prática. Os resultados indicam que nossa conversa possibilitou: (i) investigarmos quais crenças, relacionadas ao uso do livro didático, emergiram em nossa interação e suas contribuições para a nossa visão de ensino-aprendizagem, bem como (ii) compartilharmos (des)alinhamentos e relações de poder que permeiam esta adoção compulsória, ilustrando emoções de insatisfação, desânimo, frustração, dentre outras. / [en] Motivated by a critical-reflexive pedagogical process, this research aims to develop understandings about the reflections, emotions and beliefs socially constructed by me and two other teachers in relation to English teaching materials to young learners, compulsorily adopted in our working contexts. Considering our conversation, I propose the analysis of the discursive construction of emotions and teaching beliefs with the intention to understand the implications of the materials imposition. In order to do this, the theoretical concepts of Critical Applied Linguistics are adopted, in an interface with Exploratory Practice and Freire s pedagogical perspective. Narrative studies contribute to the investigation of professional experiences, from interactional and social-constructionist perspectives. Thus, guided by the qualitative-interpretative research paradigm, we held an exploratory conversation in which we shared experiences about the use of textbooks in our professional contexts, namely: public and private schools, and language courses. In addition, this research is aligned with studies on Emotions and Teaching Beliefs, intending to investigate how we interpret such experiences, in other words, how we socially construct evaluations. This study contributed to a critical reflection on the mandatory use of teaching materials and the implications of their imposition on our pedagogical practice, contributing to the quality of life in the classroom by re-signifying this practice. The results indicate that our conversation enabled us to: (i) investigate which beliefs, related to the use of textbooks, emerged in our interaction as well as their contributions to our understanding of teaching-learning process, and (ii) share (dis)alignments and power relations that permeate this compulsory adoption, illustrating emotions of dissatisfaction, discouragement, frustration, among others.

The diploma thesis is focused on the development of natural science literacy of pre-school age children and pupils of younger school age. The aim of this thesis is didactic processing of materials which will enable teachers/lecturers/parents to develop natural science literacy of children, without themselves having to have education in chemistry for correct understanding of the experiment, and thanks to which, at the same time, they could pass on the correct information to children in such way that prevents from the occurrence of natural science misconceptions to a maximum possible extent. The theoretical part of the thesis is devoted to child ontogenesis in pre-school and early school age, which is subsequently reflected in the creation of materials for development of natural science literacy of this target age category of children. The theoretical work includes also the characterisation of the term natural science literacy as a possible tool for increasing interest in the study of natural sciences. It states the expected positives, but also possible negatives, especially in the form of resulting misconceptions which can be associated to the introduction of natural science education for younger children. In the subsequent part, an analysis of syllabus of natural science-focused subjects at...

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T18:24:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Andrea Patricia Nogueira.pdf: 20421842 bytes, checksum: 14ae4b0aa57b4b1a90582fb2ce624c09 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-04-30 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / As part of the research project entitled Evaluation and Design of Didactic Materials for Teaching and Learning Languages in Different Settings and Contexts , the aim of this study is to investigate which contributions the re-elaboration of a didactic unit designed by the teacher/researcher can bring to the learning process of a group of students. The re-elaboration of this material was based on the results of a previous study (Nogueira, 2005) as well as on theories of teaching and learning, language views and theories of layout of printed texts. This work was also grounded on the experience of the teacher/researcher in the school where both studies were conducted. This case study also examined the perceptions of ten students in a public school on the implementation of the new version of the didactic unit. Data were collected through questionnaires, reflective journals, interviews and audio recordings of the classes in which the didactic material was used. This study is based on some principles of reflective teacher education, proposed by Smyth (1992) and Schön (1992, 2000), on the Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais - Língua Estrangeira (Brazilian National Curriculum Parameters for the Teaching of Foreign Languages Elementary School - Brasil, 1998a) and Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais - Ensino Médio (Brazilian National Curriculum Parameters for the Teaching of Foreign Languages Secondary School - Brasil, 1999). It is also grounded on the socio-interactionist theory of teaching and learning, proposed by Vygotsky (1933/1978, 1933/1987), the concepts of task (Prabhu, 1987, Ellis, 2003) and genre (Swales, 1990; Bhatia, 1993, Ramos 2004), Ramos 1998 s criteria to evaluate and design didactic materials, and frameworks for layout and typography of printed texts (Smith, 1985 Araújo, 1986; Hurlburt, 1986; Ribeiro, 1987; Camara, 2005; Lupton, 2006) . The results of this study showed that the new version of the didactic unit created moments of cooperation among participants in the classroom, especially between students and the teacher. This study also showed that learners made use of reading strategies to read and interpret instructions in English written in the material. In addition, the data showed that they used their background knowledge, previous textual and systemic knowledge, as well as the mediation of the teacher and help from their classmates to overcome their difficulties to do the activities proposed in the material. It was also confirmed that the visual aspect of a teaching material can contribute to learning. Finally, not only did this research help me to reflect upon my role as a teacher, designer and researcher but it also provided me with the opportunity to reflect upon my students practice / Como parte do projeto de pesquisa denominado Avaliação e Elaboração de Material Didático para Ensino-Aprendizagem de Línguas em Ambientações e Contextos Diversos , este estudo tem o objetivo de verificar que contribuições a reconstrução de uma unidade didática preparada pela professora-pesquisadora pode trazer para o aprendizado de um grupo de alunos. Esse material didático foi reconstruído tendo como base os resultados de um estudo anterior (Nogueira, 2005), teorias de ensino-aprendizagem, de linguagem e de diagramação de textos impressos, além da experiência da professora na escola em que ambos os estudos foram conduzidos. Este estudo de caso examinou as percepções de dez alunos de uma escola pública sobre a aplicação da nova versão da unidade. Para a coleta de dados, foram utilizados questionários, diários reflexivos, entrevistas e gravações das aulas em áudio. Este estudo se fundamenta na formação do professor reflexivo proposta por Smyth (1992) e Schön (1992, 2000); nos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais Língua Estrangeira (Brasil, 1998a) e nos Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais Ensino Médio (Brasil, 1999); na abordagem sociointeracionista de ensino-aprendizagem proposta por Vygotsky (1933/1978, 1933/1987); nos conceitos de tarefa (Prabhu, 1987; Ellis, 2003) e gênero (Swales, 1990; Bhatia, 1993; Ramos, 2004); nos critérios de Ramos (1998) para a avaliação e preparação de materiais didáticos; além de orientações sobre diagramação e tipografia de textos impressos (Silva, 1985; Araújo, 1986; Hurlburt, 1986; Ribeiro, 1987; Camara, 2005; Lupton, 2006). Seus resultados mostraram que a nova versão da unidade proporcionou momentos de cooperação entre os participantes em sala de aula, especialmente entre os alunos e a professora. Este estudo também demonstrou que os aprendizes fizeram uso de estratégias de leitura a fim de ler e interpretar os enunciados em inglês presentes no material. Além disso, os dados mostraram que os participantes utilizaram seu conhecimento de mundo, textual e sistêmico, além da mediação da professora e da ajuda dos colegas para superar suas dificuldades ao fazer as atividades da unidade. Os dados ainda confirmaram que o aspecto visual de um material didático pode contribuir para o aprendizado. Por fim, esta pesquisa contribuiu para que eu repensasse não só sobre o meu papel como professora-designer-pesquisadora como também sobre a prática de meus alunos

The central theme of the diploma thesis is incorporation of media education at the first stage of primary school. The theoretical part of the thesis briefly defines the basic concepts related to media education, offers an insight into historcal background and gradual integration of media education into the Czech educational system and, last but not least, introduces current state of this cross-curricular topic at Czech schools. The practical part is devoted to a research survey aimed at finding out which didactic topics of media education are mostly reflected in educational materials intended for the first stage of primary school and at the same time at ascertaining how the pupils are mostly involved in media education in terms of task assignments contained in teaching materials. The results of the research show that the most frequently reflected topics of media education that appear in educational materials are advertising, its regulation and influence and characteristics and function of traditional media. In case of the method of pupils involvement in media education, the research findings show that pupils are mostly called upon to receptive activities. To obtain the results of the research survey, qualitative content analysis of selected teaching materials was used.